Xxxxx xxxxxxxx Xxxxxx
xx xxx 26. xxxxxxxx 1979,
xxxxxx xx stanoví xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx zkoušení xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxxx
(79/796/XXX)
XXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX,
x ohledem xx Xxxxxxx x založení Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx společenství,
s xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx Xxxx 73/437/XXX ze xxx 11. xxxxxxxx 1973 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx předpisů xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx cukrů určených x lidské xxxxxxxx [1], x xxxxxxx xx článek 11 xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx,
xxxxxxxx k xxxx, xx xxxxxx 11 xxxxxxx směrnice xxxxxxx, xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxxx;
xxxxxxxx x xxxx, xx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx, xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx bylo ukončeno;
vzhledem x xxxx, xx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx 73/437/XXX xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx u xxxxx xxxx xxxxxx cukru x xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx, metoda xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx konduktometricky u xxxxx xxxxx bílého, xxxxxxxx cukru, tekutého xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx x invertního xxxxx a xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx v xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx a xxxxxxxx xxxxx;
xxxxxxxx x tomu, xx xx na xxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx až do xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxx podle Xxxxx x Eynona (xxxxxx 7 a 8 x xxxxxxx XX x. III.3 x XXX.4) xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx a Xxxxxxxx (metoda 6 x xxxxxxx XX x. III.3 x XXX.4);
xxxxxxxx x xxxx, xx xxxxxxxxxx metody xxxxxxxx x této xxxxxxxx xxxx v xxxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx,
XXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX:
Článek 1
1. Členské xxxxx stanoví, xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx uvedených x příloze X xxxx být xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx popsaných x příloze II xxxx xxxxxxxx.
2. Aniž xx dotčen xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx x Xxxxxxxx (xxxxxxx XX, xxxxxx 6) xx stanovení xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x tekutém xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx z xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x dextrose monohydrátu,
- x xxxxxxxx bezvodé.
Členské xxxxx však xxxxx xx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx v xxxxxx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxx cukrů xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx seznamu xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx x Eynona (příloha XX, xxxxxx 7 xxxx 8).
3. Xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxx. 2 xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxx x xxx xxxxxxx Xxxxxx a xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxxx 2
Xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx nezbytné xxx xxxxxxxx souladu x xxxxx xxxxxxxx xx 18 xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx této xxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxxx x nich xxxxxxx Komisi.
Xxxxxx 3
Tato xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
V Xxxxxxx xxx 26. xxxxxxxx 1979.
Xx Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx Davignon
člen Xxxxxx
[1] Úř. xxxx. X 356, 27.12.1973, x. 71.
XXXXXXX X
XXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXX X XXXXXX XXXXXXXX
XXXXXXX XX
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX X OVĚŘENÍ XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXX X XXXXXX XXXXXXXX
XXXX
1. Xxxxxxxx vzorků x xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxx analýzu se xx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 200 x x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx do xxxxx, xxxxx, vodotěsné nádobky xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxx činidla, přístroje x xxxxxxx
Xxx popisu xxxxxxxxx a xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx x případě xxxxxxxxxxx zařízení x xxxxxxxxx, xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx, které xxxx xxxxxxxxx zvláštním xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx zmiňována voda, xxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxx je xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx bez xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, jedná xx x xxxxx roztok.
3. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
X xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx o xxxxxxx xx xxxxx výsledek xxxxxxx jako xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx ze xxxx xxxxxxxxx s xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xxxx uvedeno xxxxx, jsou xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx laboratorního xxxxxx xxx, xxx xxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xxxxxxxx číslic x xxxxx vyjádřeném xxxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
XXXXXX 1
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXX HMOTNOSTI XXXXXXX
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx slouží xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
- v cukru xxxxxxxxx,
- x cukru xxxx x xxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx": xxxxxxx xxxxxx hmotnosti xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx popsanou metodou.
3. Xxxxxxxx metody
Ztráta xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx stanoví xxxxxxx xxx teplotě 103 ± 2 °X.
4. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxxxx váhy xxxxxx x přesností 0,1 mg.
4.2 Xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx ventilací, xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, umožňující xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X.
4.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxx s xxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x testovacím xxxxxxxxx, x průměrem xxxxxxx 100 xx x x hloubkou xxxxxxx 30 xx.
4.4 Exsikátor x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxx 5.3 xx 5.7 xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx okamžitě xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx.
5.1 Miska (4.3) xx vysuší do xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx (4.2) xxx xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X.
5.2 Xxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx (4.4) xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx po dobu 30 xx 35 xxxxx x xxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxx na 0,1 xx.
5.3 Xx misky xx naváží přibližně 20 až 30 x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
5.4 Xxxxx se xxxxx do xxxxxxx (4.2) x xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X, kde xx xxxxxxx 3 hodiny.
5.5 Xxxxx xx nechá xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx (4.4) a zváží xx x přesností xx 0,1 xx.
5.6 Xxxxx xx znovu xxxxx na 30 xxxxx xx sušárny x xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °C.
Nechá xx vychladnout x xxxxxxxxxx (4.4) x xxxxx se x xxxxxxxxx na 0,1 xx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx než 1 mg, postup xx xxxxxxx. Xxxxx-xx xx xxxxxxx hmotnosti, xxxxxxx se k xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx zaznamenaná xxxxxxx.
5.7 Xxxxxxx čas xxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx než čtyři xxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxxxxx výsledků
6.1 Xxxxxx a postup xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx sušením x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx:
xxx:
x0 je xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (g),
m1 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx (x).
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi výsledky xxxx xxxxxxxxx provedených xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx sebou x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx za xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx nesmí xxx xxxxx než 0,02 x xx 100 x vzorku.
METODA 2
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXX
Xxxxxx sušení xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx ke xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx
- xx xxxxxxxxx sirupu,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx monohydrátu,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxx xxxxxx": obsah xxxxxx stanovený popsanou xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx 70 ± 1 °X xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxx xxxxxxx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx). Xxxxxxxx vzorky xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sirupu se xxxx sušením xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx s vodou x x xxxxxxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx činidla
4.1 Křemelina: xxxxxxxx se x Xüxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx zředěnou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (1 ml xxxxxxxxxxxxx kyseliny o xxxxxxx 1,19 g/ml xx xxxx xxxx xxx 20 °X), xxxxx xxxxxxx nevykazuje xxxxxxxx kyselou xxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxx na xxxxxx xx pak promývá xxxxx xxx dlouho, xxxxx hodnota pH xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx nad 4; pak xx xxxxxxxxx vysuší x xxxxxxx při 103 ± 2 °X x xxxxx xx xx vzduchotěsného nádoby.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx, xxxxxx termostatem, vybavená xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx, xxx xxx zajištěn rychlý xxxxxxx tepla xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx.
5.2 Aparatura x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xx ze xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx vlhkosti. Xxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx kyselinu xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx propojena x pračkou plynů xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx sušárny.
5.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx tlak 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx) xxxx xxxxx.
5.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx vzorků x podmínkám xxxxxxx x průměrem nejméně 100 xx a x hloubkou xxxxxxx 300 mm.
5.5 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxx, xxx nemohla xxxxx zapadnout do xxxxxxx.
5.6 Exsikátor x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x indikátorem xxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
5.7 Analytické xxxx xxxxxx s xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
6. Postup
6.1 Do xxxxxxx (5.4) xx xxxxxxxxx tyčinkou (5.5) xx převede přibližně 30 x křemeliny (4.1), vše xxxxx xx xx sušárny (5.1) s xxxxxxxx 70 ± 1 °X x xxxx xx xxxxx nejméně xx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx).
Xxxx se xxx xxxx nejméně 5 xxxxx, xxxxxxx xx xxxx aparaturu xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx a xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx.
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxx dosažení atmosférického xxxxx x sušárně xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx přívodu xxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxx x xx skleněnou tyčinkou xx okamžitě xxxxxxxx xx exsikátoru (5.6), xxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, a pak xx xxxxx.
6.3 Do xxxxxxx x xxxxxx 100 xx se x přesností xx 1 xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx 10 x xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
6.4 Zkušební xxxxxx se zředí 10 xx xxxxx xxxx x xxxxxx xx pomocí xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (5.5) kvantitativně xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx.
6.5 Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx a xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx vloží xx sušárny x xxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxx na 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx). Xxxx se při 70 ± 1 °X, xxxxxxx se xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxxx xx provádí xx xxxx 20 xxxxx; x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxx dne. Je xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx a xxxxxx pomalu xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxx, xxx xx během xxxx xxxx udržoval přibližně xx xxxxxxx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx) xxxx nižší.
6.6 Atmosférického xxxxx x xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx vzduchu. Váženka x x obsahem xx xxxxxxxx přemístí xx xxxxxxxxxx, xxx xx nechá vychladnout, x xxxx se xxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 1 mg.
6.7 Xxxxxxx (6.5) xx xxxxxxx xx další 4 hodiny. V xxxxxxx xx obnoví xxxxxxxxxxxx tlak x xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx, xxx xxx xxxx dosaženo konstantní xxxxxxxxx. Za konstantní xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx, kdy xxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx misky xxxx větší xxx 2 xx. X xxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxxxx 6.7.
6.8 Xxx stanovení xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx bezvodé xxxxxxxx nebo x xxxxxxxxxxx dextrosy xxxx xxxxxxx křemeliny x xxxx xxxxxxxxx.
7. Vyjádření xxxxxxxx
7.1 Vzorec a xxxxxx výpočtu
Obsah xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx podle tohoto xxxxxx:
xxx:
x0 = xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (g),
m1 = xx xxxxxxxx váženky x křemelinou, skleněnou xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx xxxxxx (x),
x2 = xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x křemelinou x xxxxxxxxx tyčinkou (g).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx sebou x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx být xxxxx xxx 0,12 x xx 100 x xxxxxx.
XXXXXX 3
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX SUŠINY
(Refraktometrická metoda)
1. Xxxxxxx x oblast xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx stanoví xxxxx xxxxxx
- v tekutém xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx cukru,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx cukru,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx z xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxx xxxxxx": xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx metodou.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku xxx 20 °X x podle tabulek xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx indexu xxxx xx xxxxxxx na xxxxx xxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxxxx x pomůcky
4.1 Refraktometr x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxxxx teploměrem x oběhovým xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx s xxxxx xxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx 20 ± 0,5 °C.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx vzorku x xxxxxx 1:1 (x/x).
5.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.1) xx xxxxx index lomu xxxxxx xxx 20 °X.
6. Vyjádření xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxx sušiny se xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxx xxx roztoky xxxxxxxxx xxx 20 °X xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx a xxxx xxxxxxx na xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx se x xxxxxxxx z xxxxxxx xxxxxx na xxxxx 1 % xxxxxxxxxx cukru xxxxxxx 0,022.
6.2 Xxxxx byl xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 1:1 (x/x), xxxx xx xxxxx vypočtené xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
6.3 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx výsledky xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx za xxxxx x téhož xxxxxx tímtéž xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 0,2 x xxxxxx na 100 x xxxxxx.
XXXXXXXXXX TABULKY
Indexy xxxx (x) xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx 20 °X [1]
|
x (20 °X) |
Xxxxxxxxx (%) |
|
1,3330 |
0,009 |
|
1,3331 |
0,078 |
|
1,3332 |
0,149 |
|
1,3333 |
0,218 |
|
1,3334 |
0,288 |
|
1,3335 |
0,358 |
|
1,3336 |
0,428 |
|
1,3337 |
0,498 |
|
1,3338 |
0,567 |
|
1,3339 |
0,637 |
|
1,3340 |
0,707 |
|
1,3341 |
0,776 |
|
1,3342 |
0,846 |
|
1,3343 |
0,915 |
|
1,3344 |
0,985 |
|
1,3345 |
1,054 |
|
1,3346 |
1,124 |
|
1,3347 |
1,193 |
|
1,3348 |
1,263 |
|
1,3349 |
1,332 |
|
1,3350 |
1,401 |
|
1,3351 |
1,470 |
|
1,3352 |
1,540 |
|
1,3353 |
1,609 |
|
1,3354 |
1,678 |
|
1,3355 |
1,747 |
|
1,3356 |
1,816 |
|
1,3357 |
1,885 |
|
1,3358 |
1,954 |
|
1,3359 |
2,023 |
|
1,3360 |
2,092 |
|
1,3361 |
2,161 |
|
1,3362 |
2,230 |
|
1,3363 |
2,299 |
|
1,3364 |
2,367 |
|
1,3365 |
2,436 |
|
1,3366 |
2,505 |
|
1,3367 |
2,574 |
|
1,3368 |
2,642 |
|
1,3369 |
2,711 |
|
1,3370 |
2,779 |
|
1,3371 |
2,848 |
|
1,3372 |
2,917 |
|
1,3373 |
2,985 |
|
1,3374 |
3,053 |
|
1,3375 |
3,122 |
|
1,3376 |
3,190 |
|
1,3377 |
3,259 |
|
1,3378 |
3,327 |
|
1,3379 |
3,395 |
|
1,3380 |
3,463 |
|
1,3381 |
3,532 |
|
1,3382 |
3,600 |
|
1,3383 |
3,668 |
|
1,3384 |
3,736 |
|
1,3385 |
3,804 |
|
1,3386 |
3,872 |
|
1,3387 |
3,940 |
|
1,3388 |
4,008 |
|
1,3389 |
4,076 |
|
1,3390 |
4,144 |
|
1,3391 |
4,212 |
|
1,3392 |
4,279 |
|
1,3393 |
4,347 |
|
1,3394 |
4,415 |
|
1,3395 |
4,483 |
|
1,3396 |
4,550 |
|
1,3397 |
4,618 |
|
1,3398 |
4,686 |
|
1,3399 |
4,753 |
|
1,3400 |
4,821 |
|
1,3401 |
4,888 |
|
1,3402 |
4,956 |
|
1,3403 |
5,023 |
|
1,3404 |
5,091 |
|
1,3405 |
5,158 |
|
1,3406 |
5,225 |
|
1,3407 |
5,293 |
|
1,3408 |
5,360 |
|
1,3409 |
5,427 |
|
1,3410 |
5,494 |
|
1,3411 |
5,562 |
|
1,3412 |
5,629 |
|
1,3413 |
5,696 |
|
1,3414 |
5,763 |
|
1,3415 |
5,830 |
|
1,3416 |
5,897 |
|
1,3417 |
5,964 |
|
1,3418 |
6,031 |
|
1,3419 |
6,098 |
|
1,3420 |
6,165 |
|
1,3421 |
6,231 |
|
1,3422 |
6,298 |
|
1,3423 |
6,365 |
|
1,3424 |
6,432 |
|
1,3425 |
6,498 |
|
1,3426 |
6,565 |
|
1,3427 |
6,632 |
|
1,3428 |
6,698 |
|
1,3429 |
6,765 |
|
1,3430 |
6,831 |
|
1,3431 |
6,898 |
|
1,3432 |
6,964 |
|
1,3433 |
7,031 |
|
1,3434 |
7,097 |
|
1,3435 |
7,164 |
|
1,3436 |
7,230 |
|
1,3437 |
7,296 |
|
1,3438 |
7,362 |
|
1,3439 |
7,429 |
|
1,3440 |
7,495 |
|
1,3441 |
7,561 |
|
1,3442 |
7,627 |
|
1,3443 |
7,693 |
|
1,3444 |
7,759 |
|
1,3445 |
7,825 |
|
1,3446 |
7,891 |
|
1,3447 |
7,957 |
|
1,3448 |
8,023 |
|
1,3449 |
8,089 |
|
1,3450 |
8,155 |
|
1,3451 |
8,221 |
|
1,3452 |
8,287 |
|
1,3453 |
8,352 |
|
1,3454 |
8,418 |
|
1,3455 |
8,484 |
|
1,3456 |
8,550 |
|
1,3457 |
8,615 |
|
1&xxxx;3458 |
8,681 |
|
1,3459 |
8,746 |
|
1,3460 |
8,812 |
|
1,3461 |
8,878 |
|
1,3462 |
8,943 |
|
1,3463 |
9,008 |
|
1,3464 |
9,074 |
|
1,3465 |
9,139 |
|
1,3466 |
9,205 |
|
1,3467 |
9,270 |
|
1,3468 |
9,335 |
|
1,3469 |
9,400 |
|
1,3470 |
9,466 |
|
1,3471 |
9,531 |
|
1,3472 |
9,596 |
|
1,3473 |
9,661 |
|
1,3474 |
9,726 |
|
1,3475 |
9,791 |
|
1,3476 |
9,856 |
|
1,3477 |
9,921 |
|
1,3478 |
9,986 |
|
1,3479 |
10,051 |
|
1,3480 |
10,116 |
|
1,3481 |
10,181 |
|
1,3482 |
10,246 |
|
1,3483 |
10,311 |
|
1,3484 |
10,375 |
|
1,3485 |
10,440 |
|
1,3486 |
10,505 |
|
1,3487 |
10,570 |
|
1,3488 |
10,634 |
|
1,3489 |
10,699 |
|
1,3490 |
10,763 |
|
1,3491 |
10,828 |
|
1,3492 |
10,892 |
|
1,3493 |
10,957 |
|
1,3494 |
11,021 |
|
1,3495 |
11,086 |
|
1,3496 |
11,150 |
|
1,3497 |
11,215 |
|
1,3498 |
11,279 |
|
1,3499 |
11,343 |
|
1,3500 |
11,407 |
|
1,3501 |
11,472 |
|
1,3502 |
11,536 |
|
1,3503 |
11,600 |
|
1,3504 |
11,664 |
|
1,3505 |
11,728 |
|
1,3506 |
11,792 |
|
1,3507 |
11,856 |
|
1,3508 |
11,920 |
|
1,3509 |
11,984 |
|
1,3510 |
12,048 |
|
1,3511 |
12,112 |
|
1,3512 |
12,176 |
|
1,3513 |
12,240 |
|
1,3514 |
12,304 |
|
1,3515 |
12,368 |
|
1,3516 |
12,431 |
|
1,3517 |
12,495 |
|
1,3518 |
12,559 |
|
1,3519 |
12,623 |
|
1,3520 |
12,686 |
|
1,3521 |
12,750 |
|
1,3522 |
12,813 |
|
1,3523 |
12,877 |
|
1,3524 |
12,940 |
|
1,3525 |
13,004 |
|
1,3526 |
13,067 |
|
1,3527 |
13,131 |
|
1,3528 |
13,194 |
|
1,3529 |
13,258 |
|
1,3530 |
13,321 |
|
1,3531 |
13,384 |
|
1,3532 |
13,448 |
|
1,3533 |
13,511 |
|
1,3534 |
13,574 |
|
1,3535 |
13,637 |
|
1,3536 |
13,700 |
|
1,3537 |
13,763 |
|
1,3538 |
13,826 |
|
1,3539 |
13,890 |
|
1,3540 |
13,953 |
|
1,3541 |
14,016 |
|
1,3542 |
14,079 |
|
1,3543 |
14,141 |
|
1,3544 |
14,204 |
|
1,3545 |
14,267 |
|
1,3546 |
14,330 |
|
1,3547 |
14,393 |
|
1,3548 |
14,456 |
|
1,3549 |
14,518 |
|
1,3550 |
14,581 |
|
1,3551 |
14,644 |
|
1,3552 |
14,707 |
|
1,3553 |
14,769 |
|
1,3554 |
14,832 |
|
1,3555 |
14,894 |
|
1,3556 |
14,957 |
|
1,3557 |
15,019 |
|
1,3558 |
15,082 |
|
1,3559 |
15,144 |
|
1,3560 |
15,207 |
|
1,3561 |
15,269 |
|
1,3562 |
15,332 |
|
1,3563 |
15,394 |
|
1,3564 |
15,456 |
|
1,3565 |
15,518 |
|
1,3566 |
15,581 |
|
1,3567 |
15,643 |
|
1,3568 |
15,705 |
|
1,3569 |
15,767 |
|
1,3570 |
15,829 |
|
1,3571 |
15,891 |
|
1,3572 |
15,953 |
|
1,3573 |
16,016 |
|
1,3574 |
16,078 |
|
1,3575 |
16,140 |
|
1,3576 |
16,201 |
|
1,3577 |
16,263 |
|
1,3578 |
16,325 |
|
1,3579 |
16,387 |
|
1,3580 |
16,449 |
|
1,3581 |
16,511 |
|
1,3582 |
16,573 |
|
1,3583 |
16,634 |
|
1,3584 |
16,696 |
|
1,3585 |
16,758 |
|
1,3586 |
16,819 |
|
1,3587 |
16,881 |
|
1,3588 |
16,943 |
|
1,3389 |
17,004 |
|
1,3590 |
17,066 |
|
1,3591 |
17,127 |
|
1,3592 |
17,189 |
|
1,3593 |
17,250 |
|
1,3594 |
17,311 |
|
1,3595 |
17,373 |
|
1,3596 |
17,434 |
|
1,3597 |
17,496 |
|
1,3598 |
17,557 |
|
1,3599 |
17,618 |
|
1,3600 |
17,679 |
|
1,3601 |
17,741 |
|
1,3602 |
17,802 |
|
1,3603 |
17,863 |
|
1,3604 |
17,924 |
|
1,3605 |
17,985 |
|
1,3606 |
18,046 |
|
1,3607 |
18,107 |
|
1,3608 |
18,168 |
|
1,3609 |
18,229 |
|
1,3610 |
18,290 |
|
1,3610 |
18,351 |
|
1,3611 |
18,412 |
|
1,3613 |
18,473 |
|
1,3614 |
18,534 |
|
1,3615 |
18,595 |
|
1,3616 |
18,655 |
|
1,3617 |
18,716 |
|
1,3618 |
18,777 |
|
1,3619 |
18,837 |
|
1,3620 |
18,898 |
|
1,3621 |
18,959 |
|
1,3622 |
19,019 |
|
1,3623 |
19,080 |
|
1,3624 |
19,141 |
|
1,3625 |
19,201 |
|
1,3626 |
19,262 |
|
1,3627 |
19,322 |
|
1,3628 |
19,382 |
|
1,3629 |
19,443 |
|
1,3630 |
19,503 |
|
1,3631 |
19,564 |
|
1,3632 |
19,624 |
|
1,3633 |
19,684 |
|
1,3634 |
19,745 |
|
1,3635 |
19,805 |
|
1,3636 |
19,865 |
|
1,3637 |
19,925 |
|
1,3638 |
19,985 |
|
1,3639 |
20,045 |
|
1,3640 |
20,106 |
|
1.3641 |
20,166 |
|
1,3642 |
20,226 |
|
1,3643 |
20,286 |
|
1,3644 |
20,346 |
|
1,3645 |
20,406 |
|
1,3646 |
20,466 |
|
1,3647 |
20,525 |
|
1,3648 |
20,585 |
|
1,3649 |
20,645 |
|
1,3650 |
20,705 |
|
1,3651 |
20,765 |
|
1,3652 |
20,825 |
|
1,3653 |
20,884 |
|
1,3654 |
20,944 |
|
1,3655 |
21,004 |
|
1,3656 |
21,063 |
|
1,3657 |
21,123 |
|
1,3658 |
21,183 |
|
1,3659 |
21,242 |
|
1,3660 |
21,302 |
|
1,3661 |
21,361 |
|
1,3662 |
21,421 |
|
1,3563 |
21,480 |
|
1,3664 |
21,540 |
|
1,3665 |
21,599 |
|
1,3666 |
21,658 |
|
1,3667 |
21,718 |
|
1,3668 |
21,777 |
|
1,3669 |
21,836 |
|
1,3670 |
21,896 |
|
1,3671 |
21,955 |
|
1,3672 |
22,014 |
|
1,1673 |
22,073 |
|
1,3674 |
22,132 |
|
1,3675 |
22,192 |
|
1,3676 |
22,251 |
|
1,1677 |
22,310 |
|
1,3678 |
22,369 |
|
1,3679 |
22,428 |
|
1,3680 |
22,487 |
|
1,3681 |
22,546 |
|
1,3682 |
22,605 |
|
1,3683 |
22,664 |
|
1,3684 |
22,723 |
|
1,3685 |
22,781 |
|
1,3686 |
22,840 |
|
1,3687 |
22,899 |
|
1,3688 |
22,958 |
|
1,3689 |
23,017 |
|
1,3690 |
23,075 |
|
1,3691 |
23,134 |
|
1,3692 |
23,193 |
|
1,3693 |
23,251 |
|
1,3694 |
23,310 |
|
1,3695 |
23,369 |
|
1,3696 |
23,427 |
|
1,3697 |
23,486 |
|
1,3698 |
23,544 |
|
1,3699 |
23,603 |
|
1,3700 |
23,661 |
|
1,3701 |
23,720 |
|
1,3702 |
23,778 |
|
1,3703 |
23,836 |
|
1,3704 |
23,895 |
|
1,3705 |
23,953 |
|
1,3706 |
24,011 |
|
1,3707 |
24,070 |
|
1,3708 |
24,128 |
|
1,3709 |
24,186 |
|
1,3710 |
24,244 |
|
1,3711 |
24,302 |
|
1,3712 |
24,361 |
|
1,3713 |
24,419 |
|
1,3714 |
24,477 |
|
1,3715 |
24,535 |
|
1,3716 |
24,593 |
|
1,3717 |
24,651 |
|
1,3718 |
24,709 |
|
1,3719 |
24,767 |
|
1,3720 |
24,825 |
|
1,3721 |
24,883 |
|
1,3722 |
24,941 |
|
1,3723 |
24,998 |
|
1,3724 |
25,056 |
|
1,3725 |
25,114 |
|
1,3726 |
25,172 |
|
1,3727 |
25,230 |
|
1,3728 |
25287 |
|
1,3729 |
25,345 |
|
1,3730 |
25,403 |
|
1,3731 |
25,460 |
|
1,3732 |
25,518 |
|
1,3733 |
25,576 |
|
1,3734 |
25,633 |
|
1,3735 |
25,691 |
|
1,3736 |
25,748 |
|
1,3737 |
25,806 |
|
1,3738 |
25,863 |
|
1,3739 |
25,921 |
|
1,3740 |
25,978 |
|
1,3741 |
26,035 |
|
1,3742 |
26,093 |
|
1,3743 |
26,150 |
|
1,3744 |
26,207 |
|
1,3745 |
26,265 |
|
1,3746 |
26,322 |
|
1,3747 |
26,379 |
|
1,3748 |
26,436 |
|
1,3749 |
26,493 |
|
1,3750 |
26,551 |
|
1,3751 |
26,608 |
|
1,3752 |
26,665 |
|
1,3753 |
26,722 |
|
1,3754 |
26,779 |
|
1,3755 |
26,836 |
|
1,3756 |
26,893 |
|
1,3757 |
26,950 |
|
1,3758 |
27,007 |
|
1,3759 |
27,064 |
|
1,3760 |
27,121 |
|
1,3761 |
27,178 |
|
1,3762 |
27,234 |
|
1,3763 |
27,291 |
|
1,3764 |
27,348 |
|
1,3765 |
27,405 |
|
1,3765 |
27,462 |
|
1,3767 |
27,518 |
|
1,3768 |
27,575 |
|
1,3769 |
27,632 |
|
1,3770 |
27,688 |
|
1,3771 |
27,745 |
|
1,3772 |
27,802 |
|
1,3773 |
27,858 |
|
1,3774 |
27,915 |
|
1,3775 |
27,971 |
|
1,3776 |
28,028 |
|
1,3777 |
28,084 |
|
1,3778 |
28,141 |
|
1,3779 |
28,197 |
|
1,3780 |
28,253 |
|
1,3781 |
28,310 |
|
1,3782 |
28,366 |
|
1,3783 |
28,422 |
|
1,3784 |
28,479 |
|
1,3785 |
28,535 |
|
1,3786 |
28,591 |
|
1,3787 |
28,648 |
|
1,3788 |
28,704 |
|
1,3789 |
28,760 |
|
1,3790 |
28,816 |
|
1,3791 |
28,872 |
|
1,3792 |
28,928 |
|
1,3793 |
28,984 |
|
1,3794 |
29,040 |
|
1,3795 |
29,096 |
|
1,3796 |
29,152 |
|
1,3797 |
29,208 |
|
1,3798 |
29,264 |
|
1,3799 |
29,320 |
|
1,3800 |
29,376 |
|
1,3801 |
29,432 |
|
1,3802 |
29,488 |
|
1,3803 |
29,544 |
|
1,3804 |
29,600 |
|
1,3805 |
29,655 |
|
1,3806 |
29,711 |
|
1,3807 |
29,767 |
|
1,3808 |
29,823 |
|
1,3809 |
29,878 |
|
1,3810 |
29,934 |
|
1,3811 |
29,989 |
|
1,3812 |
30,045 |
|
1,3813 |
30,101 |
|
1,3814 |
30,156 |
|
1,3815 |
30,212 |
|
1,3816 |
30,267 |
|
1,3817 |
30,323 |
|
1,3818 |
30,378 |
|
1,3819 |
30,434 |
|
1,3820 |
30,489 |
|
1,3821 |
30,544 |
|
1,3822 |
30,600 |
|
1,3823 |
30,655 |
|
1,3824 |
30,711 |
|
1,3825 |
30,766 |
|
1,3826 |
30,821 |
|
1,3827 |
30,876 |
|
1,3828 |
30,932 |
|
1,3829 |
30,987 |
|
1,3830 |
31,042 |
|
1,3831 |
31,097 |
|
1,3832 |
31,152 |
|
1,3833 |
31,207 |
|
1,3834 |
31,262 |
|
1,3835 |
31,317 |
|
1,3836 |
31,372 |
|
1,3837 |
31,428 |
|
1,3838 |
31,482 |
|
1,3839 |
31,537 |
|
1,3840 |
31,592 |
|
1,3841 |
31,647 |
|
1,3842 |
31,702 |
|
1,3843 |
31,757 |
|
1,3844 |
31,812 |
|
1,3845 |
31,867 |
|
1,3846 |
31,922 |
|
1,3847 |
31,976 |
|
1,3848 |
32,031 |
|
1,3849 |
32,086 |
|
1,3850 |
32,140 |
|
1,3851 |
32,195 |
|
1,3852 |
32,250 |
|
1,3853 |
32,304 |
|
1,3854 |
32,359 |
|
1,3855 |
32,414 |
|
1,3856 |
32,468 |
|
1,3857 |
32,523 |
|
1,3858 |
32,577 |
|
1,3859 |
32,632 |
|
1,3860 |
32,686 |
|
1,3861 |
32,741 |
|
1,3862 |
32,795 |
|
1,3863 |
32,849 |
|
1,3864 |
32,904 |
|
1,3865 |
32,958 |
|
1,3866 |
33,013 |
|
1,3867 |
33,067 |
|
1,3868 |
33,121 |
|
1,3889 |
33,175 |
|
1,3870 |
33,230 |
|
1,3871 |
33,284 |
|
1,3872 |
33,338 |
|
1,3873 |
33,392 |
|
1,3874 |
33,446 |
|
1,3875 |
33,500 |
|
1,3876 |
33,555 |
|
1,3877 |
33,609 |
|
1,3878 |
33,663 |
|
1,3879 |
33,717 |
|
1,3880 |
33,771 |
|
1,3881 |
33,825 |
|
1,3882 |
33,879 |
|
1,3883 |
33,933 |
|
1,3884 |
33,987 |
|
1,3885 |
34,040 |
|
1,3886 |
34,094 |
|
1,3887 |
34,148 |
|
1,3888 |
34,202 |
|
1,3889 |
34,256 |
|
1,3890 |
34,310 |
|
1,3891 |
34,363 |
|
1,3892 |
34,417 |
|
1,3893 |
34,471 |
|
1,3894 |
34,524 |
|
1,3895 |
34,578 |
|
1,3896 |
34,632 |
|
1,3897 |
34,685 |
|
1,3898 |
34,739 |
|
1,3899 |
34,793 |
|
1,3900 |
34,846 |
|
1,3901 |
34,900 |
|
1,3902 |
34,953 |
|
1,3903 |
35,007 |
|
1,3904 |
35,060 |
|
1,3905 |
35,114 |
|
1,3906 |
35,167 |
|
1,3907 |
35,220 |
|
1,3908 |
35,274 |
|
1,3909 |
35,327 |
|
1,3910 |
35,380 |
|
1,3911 |
35,434 |
|
1,3912 |
35,487 |
|
1,3913 |
35,540 |
|
1,3914 |
35,593 |
|
1,3915 |
35,647 |
|
1,3916 |
35,700 |
|
1,3917 |
35,753 |
|
1,3918 |
35,806 |
|
1,3919 |
35,859 |
|
1,3920 |
35,912 |
|
1,3921 |
35,966 |
|
1,3922 |
36,019 |
|
1,3923 |
36,072 |
|
1,3924 |
36,125 |
|
1,3925 |
36,178 |
|
1,3926 |
36,231 |
|
1,3927 |
36,284 |
|
1,3928 |
36,337 |
|
1,3929 |
36,389 |
|
1,3930 |
36,442 |
|
1,3931 |
36,495 |
|
1,3932 |
36,548 |
|
1,3933 |
36,601 |
|
1,3934 |
36,654 |
|
1,3935 |
36,706 |
|
1,3936 |
36,759 |
|
1,3937 |
36,812 |
|
1,3938 |
36,865 |
|
1,3939 |
36,917 |
|
1,3940 |
36,970 |
|
1,3941 |
37,023 |
|
1,3942 |
37,075 |
|
1,3943 |
37,128 |
|
1,3944 |
37,180 |
|
1,3945 |
37,233 |
|
1,3946 |
37,286 |
|
1,3947 |
37,338 |
|
1,3948 |
37,391 |
|
1,3949 |
37,443 |
|
1,3950 |
37,495 |
|
1,3951 |
37,548 |
|
1,3952 |
37,600 |
|
1,3953 |
37,653 |
|
1,3954 |
37,705 |
|
1,3955 |
37,757 |
|
1,3956 |
37,810 |
|
1,3957 |
37,862 |
|
1,3958 |
37,914 |
|
1,3959 |
37,967 |
|
1,3960 |
38,019 |
|
1,3961 |
38,071 |
|
1,3962 |
38,123 |
|
1,3963 |
38,175 |
|
1,3964 |
38,228 |
|
1,3965 |
38,280 |
|
1,3966 |
38,332 |
|
1,3967 |
38,384 |
|
1,3968 |
38,436 |
|
1,3969 |
38,488 |
|
1,3970 |
38,540 |
|
1,3971 |
38,592 |
|
1,3972 |
38,644 |
|
1,3973 |
38,696 |
|
1,3974 |
38,748 |
|
1,3975 |
38,800 |
|
1,3976 |
38,852 |
|
1,3977 |
38,904 |
|
1,3978 |
38,955 |
|
1,3979 |
39,007 |
|
1,3980 |
39,059 |
|
1,3981 |
39,111 |
|
1,3982 |
39,163 |
|
1,3983 |
39,214 |
|
1,3984 |
39,266 |
|
1,3985 |
39,318 |
|
1,3986 |
39,370 |
|
1,3987 |
39,421 |
|
1,3988 |
39,473 |
|
1,3989 |
39,525 |
|
1,3990 |
39,576 |
|
1,3991 |
39,628 |
|
1,3992 |
39,679 |
|
1,3993 |
39,731 |
|
1,3994 |
39,782 |
|
1,3995 |
39,834 |
|
1,3996 |
39,885 |
|
1,3997 |
39,937 |
|
1,3998 |
39,988 |
|
1,3999 |
40,040 |
|
1,4000 |
40,091 |
|
1,4001 |
40,142 |
|
1,4002 |
40,194 |
|
1,4003 |
40,245 |
|
1,4004 |
40,296 |
|
1,4005 |
40,348 |
|
1,4006 |
40,399 |
|
1,4007 |
40,450 |
|
1,4008 |
40,501 |
|
1,4009 |
40,553 |
|
1,4010 |
40,604 |
|
1,4011 |
40,655 |
|
1,4012 |
40,706 |
|
1,4013 |
40,757 |
|
1,4014 |
40,808 |
|
1,4015 |
40,860 |
|
1,4016 |
40,911 |
|
1,4017 |
40,962 |
|
1,4018 |
41,013 |
|
1,4019 |
41,064 |
|
1,4020 |
41,115 |
|
1,4021 |
41,166 |
|
1,4022 |
41,217 |
|
1,4023 |
41,268 |
|
1,4024 |
41,318 |
|
1,4025 |
41,369 |
|
1,4026 |
41,420 |
|
1,4027 |
41,471 |
|
1,4028 |
41,522 |
|
1,4029 |
41,573 |
|
1,4030 |
41,623 |
|
1,4031 |
41,674 |
|
1,4032 |
41,725 |
|
1,4033 |
41,776 |
|
1,4034 |
41,826 |
|
1,4035 |
41,877 |
|
1,4036 |
41,928 |
|
1,4037 |
41,978 |
|
1,4038 |
42,029 |
|
1,4039 |
42,080 |
|
1,4040 |
42,130 |
|
1,4041 |
42,181 |
|
1,4042 |
42,231 |
|
1,4043 |
42,282 |
|
1,4044 |
42,332 |
|
1,4045 |
42,383 |
|
1,4046 |
42,433 |
|
1,4047 |
42,484 |
|
1,4048 |
42,534 |
|
1,4049 |
42,585 |
|
1,4050 |
42,635 |
|
1,4051 |
42,685 |
|
1,4052 |
42,736 |
|
1,4053 |
42,786 |
|
1,4054 |
42,836 |
|
1,4055 |
42,887 |
|
1,4056 |
42,937 |
|
1,4057 |
42,987 |
|
1,4058 |
43,037 |
|
1,4059 |
43,088 |
|
1,4060 |
43,138 |
|
1,4061 |
43,188 |
|
1,4062 |
43,238 |
|
1,4063 |
43,288 |
|
1,4064 |
43,338 |
|
1,4065 |
43,388 |
|
1,4066 |
43,439 |
|
1,4067 |
43,489 |
|
1,4068 |
43,539 |
|
1,4069 |
43,589 |
|
1,4070 |
43,639 |
|
1,4071 |
43,689 |
|
1,4072 |
43739 |
|
1,4073 |
43,789 |
|
1,4074 |
43,838 |
|
1,4075 |
43,888 |
|
1,4076 |
43,938 |
|
1,4077 |
43,988 |
|
1,4078 |
44,038 |
|
1,4079 |
44,088 |
|
1,4080 |
44,138 |
|
1,4081 |
44,187 |
|
1,4082 |
44,237 |
|
1,4083 |
44,287 |
|
1,4084 |
44,337 |
|
1,4085 |
44,386 |
|
1,4086 |
44,436 |
|
1,4087 |
44,486 |
|
1,4088 |
44,535 |
|
1,4089 |
44,585 |
|
1,4090 |
44,635 |
|
1,4091 |
44,684 |
|
1,4092 |
44,734 |
|
1,4093 |
44,783 |
|
1,4094 |
44,833 |
|
1,4095 |
44,882 |
|
1,4096 |
44,932 |
|
1,4097 |
44,981 |
|
1,4098 |
45,031 |
|
1,4099 |
45,080 |
|
1,4100 |
45,130 |
|
1,4101 |
43,179 |
|
1,4102 |
45,228 |
|
1,4103 |
45,278 |
|
1,4104 |
45,327 |
|
1,4105 |
45,376 |
|
1,4106 |
45,426 |
|
1,4107 |
45,475 |
|
1,4108 |
45,524 |
|
1,4109 |
45,574 |
|
1,4110 |
45,623 |
|
1,4111 |
45,672 |
|
1,4112 |
45,721 |
|
1,4113 |
45,770 |
|
1,4114 |
45,820 |
|
1,4115 |
45,869 |
|
1,4116 |
45,918 |
|
1,4117 |
46,967 |
|
1,4118 |
46,016 |
|
1,4119 |
46,065 |
|
1,4120 |
46,114 |
|
1,4121 |
46,163 |
|
1,4122 |
46,212 |
|
1,4123 |
46,261 |
|
1,4124 |
46,310 |
|
1,4125 |
46,359 |
|
1,4126 |
46,408 |
|
1,4127 |
46,457 |
|
1,4128 |
46,506 |
|
1,4129 |
46,555 |
|
1,4130 |
46,604 |
|
1,4131 |
46,652 |
|
1,4132 |
46,701 |
|
1,4133 |
46,750 |
|
1,4134 |
46,799 |
|
1,4135 |
46,848 |
|
1,4136 |
46,896 |
|
1,4137 |
46,945 |
|
1,4138 |
46,994 |
|
1,4139 |
47,043 |
|
1,4140 |
47,091 |
|
1,4141 |
47,140 |
|
1,4141 |
47,188 |
|
1,4143 |
47,237 |
|
1,4144 |
47,286 |
|
1,4145 |
47,334 |
|
1,4146 |
47,383 |
|
1,4147 |
47,431 |
|
1,4148 |
47,480 |
|
1,4149 |
47,528 |
|
1,4150 |
47,577 |
|
1,4151 |
47,625 |
|
1,4152 |
47,674 |
|
1,4153 |
47,722 |
|
1,4154 |
47,771 |
|
1,4155 |
47,819 |
|
1,4156 |
47,868 |
|
1,4157 |
47,916 |
|
1,4158 |
47,964 |
|
1,4159 |
48,013 |
|
1,4160 |
48,061 |
|
1,4161 |
48,109 |
|
1,4162 |
48,158 |
|
1,4163 |
48,206 |
|
1,4164 |
48,254 |
|
1,4165 |
48,302 |
|
1,4166 |
48,350 |
|
1,4167 |
48,399 |
|
1,4168 |
48,447 |
|
1,4169 |
48,495 |
|
1,4170 |
48,543 |
|
1,4171 |
48,591 |
|
1,4172 |
48,639 |
|
1,4173 |
48,687 |
|
1,4174 |
48,735 |
|
1,4175 |
48,784 |
|
1,4176 |
48,832 |
|
1,4177 |
48,880 |
|
1,4178 |
48,928 |
|
1,4179 |
48,976 |
|
1,4180 |
49,023 |
|
1,4181 |
49,071 |
|
1,4182 |
49,119 |
|
1,4183 |
49,167 |
|
1,4184 |
49,215 |
|
1,4185 |
49,263 |
|
1,4186 |
49,311 |
|
1,4187 |
49,359 |
|
1,4188 |
49,407 |
|
1,4189 |
49,454 |
|
1,4190 |
49,502 |
|
1,4191 |
49,550 |
|
1,4192 |
49,598 |
|
1,4193 |
49,645 |
|
1,4194 |
49,693 |
|
1,4195 |
49,741 |
|
1,4196 |
49,788 |
|
1,4197 |
49,836 |
|
1,4198 |
49,884 |
|
1,4199 |
49,931 |
|
1,4200 |
49,979 |
|
1,4201 |
50,027 |
|
1,4202 |
50,074 |
|
1,4203 |
50,122 |
|
1,4204 |
50,169 |
|
1,4205 |
50,217 |
|
1,4206 |
50,264 |
|
1,4207 |
50,312 |
|
1,4208 |
50,359 |
|
1,4209 |
50,407 |
|
1,4210 |
50,454 |
|
1,4211 |
50,502 |
|
1,4212 |
50,549 |
|
1,4213 |
50,596 |
|
1,4214 |
50,644 |
|
1,4215 |
50,691 |
|
1,4216 |
50,738 |
|
1,4217 |
50,786 |
|
1,4218 |
50,833 |
|
1,4219 |
50,880 |
|
1,4220 |
50,928 |
|
1,4221 |
50,975 |
|
1,4222 |
51,022 |
|
1,4223 |
51,069 |
|
1,4224 |
51,116 |
|
1,4225 |
51,164 |
|
1,4226 |
51,211 |
|
1,4227 |
51,258 |
|
1,4228 |
51305 |
|
1,4229 |
51,352 |
|
1,4230 |
51,399 |
|
1,4231 |
51,446 |
|
1,4232 |
51,493 |
|
1,4233 |
51,540 |
|
1,4234 |
51,587 |
|
1,4235 |
51,634 |
|
1,4236 |
51,681 |
|
1,4237 |
51,728 |
|
1,4238 |
51,775 |
|
1,4239 |
51,822 |
|
1,4240 |
51,869 |
|
1,4241 |
51,916 |
|
1,4242 |
51,963 |
|
1,4243 |
52,010 |
|
1,4244 |
52,057 |
|
1,4245 |
52,104 |
|
1,4246 |
52,150 |
|
1,4247 |
52,197 |
|
1,4248 |
52,244 |
|
1,4249 |
52,291 |
|
1,4250 |
52,338 |
|
1,4251 |
52,384 |
|
1,4252 |
52,431 |
|
1,4253 |
52,478 |
|
1,4254 |
52,524 |
|
1,4255 |
52,571 |
|
1,4256 |
52,618 |
|
1,4257 |
52,664 |
|
1,4258 |
52,711 |
|
1,4259 |
52,758 |
|
1,4260 |
52,804 |
|
1,4261 |
52,851 |
|
1,4261 |
52,897 |
|
1,4263 |
52,944 |
|
1,4264 |
52,990 |
|
1,4265 |
53,037 |
|
1,4266 |
53,083 |
|
1,4267 |
53,130 |
|
1,4268 |
53,176 |
|
1,4269 |
53,223 |
|
1,4270 |
53,269 |
|
1,4271 |
53,316 |
|
1,4272 |
53,362 |
|
1,4273 |
53,408 |
|
1,4274 |
53,455 |
|
1,4275 |
53,501 |
|
1,4276 |
53,548 |
|
1,4277 |
53,594 |
|
1,4278 |
53,640 |
|
1,4279 |
53,686 |
|
1,4280 |
53,733 |
|
1,4281 |
53,779 |
|
1,4282 |
53,825 |
|
1,4283 |
53,871 |
|
1,4284 |
53,918 |
|
1,4285 |
53,964 |
|
1,4286 |
54,010 |
|
1,4287 |
54,056 |
|
1,4288 |
54,102 |
|
1,4289 |
54,148 |
|
1,4290 |
54,194 |
|
1,4291 |
54,241 |
|
1,4292 |
54,287 |
|
1,4293 |
54,333 |
|
1,4294 |
54,379 |
|
1,4295 |
54,425 |
|
1,4296 |
54,471 |
|
1,4297 |
54,517 |
|
1,4298 |
54,563 |
|
1,4299 |
54,609 |
|
1,4300 |
54,655 |
|
1,4301 |
54,701 |
|
1,4302 |
54,746 |
|
1,4303 |
54,792 |
|
1,4304 |
54,838 |
|
1,4305 |
54,884 |
|
1,4306 |
54,930 |
|
1,4307 |
54,976 |
|
1,4308 |
55,022 |
|
1,4309 |
55067 |
|
1,4310 |
55,113 |
|
1,4311 |
55,159 |
|
1,4312 |
55,205 |
|
1,4313 |
55,250 |
|
1,4314 |
55,296 |
|
1,4315 |
55,342 |
|
1,4316 |
55,388 |
|
1,4317 |
55,433 |
|
1,4318 |
55,479 |
|
1,4319 |
55,524 |
|
1,4320 |
55,570 |
|
1,4321 |
55,616 |
|
1,4322 |
55,661 |
|
1,4323 |
55,707 |
|
1,4324 |
55,752 |
|
1,4325 |
55,798 |
|
1,4326 |
55,844 |
|
1,4327 |
55,889 |
|
1,4328 |
55,935 |
|
1,4329 |
55,980 |
|
1,4330 |
56,026 |
|
1,4331 |
56,071 |
|
1,4332 |
56,116 |
|
1,4133 |
56,162 |
|
1,4334 |
56,207 |
|
1,4335 |
56,253 |
|
1,4336 |
56,298 |
|
1,4337 |
56,343 |
|
1,4338 |
56,389 |
|
1,4339 |
56,434 |
|
1,4340 |
56,479 |
|
1,4341 |
56,525 |
|
1,4342 |
56,570 |
|
1,4343 |
56,615 |
|
1,4344 |
56,660 |
|
1,4345 |
56,706 |
|
1,4346 |
56,751 |
|
1,4347 |
56,796 |
|
1,4348 |
56,841 |
|
1,4349 |
56,887 |
|
1,4350 |
56,932 |
|
1,4351 |
56,977 |
|
1,4352 |
57,022 |
|
1,4353 |
57,067 |
|
1,4354 |
57,112 |
|
1,4355 |
57,157 |
|
1,4356 |
57,202 |
|
1,4357 |
57,247 |
|
14358 |
57,292 |
|
1,4359 |
57,337 |
|
1,4360 |
57,382 |
|
1,4361 |
57,427 |
|
1,4362 |
57,472 |
|
1,4363 |
57,517 |
|
1,4364 |
57,562 |
|
1,4365 |
57,607 |
|
1,4366 |
57,652 |
|
1,4367 |
57,697 |
|
1,4368 |
57,742 |
|
1,4369 |
57,787 |
|
1,4370 |
57,832 |
|
1,4371 |
57,877 |
|
1,4372 |
57,921 |
|
1,4373 |
57,966 |
|
1,4374 |
58,011 |
|
1,4375 |
58,056 |
|
1,4376 |
58,101 |
|
1,4377 |
58,145 |
|
1,4378 |
58,190 |
|
1,4379 |
58,235 |
|
1,4380 |
58,279 |
|
1,4381 |
58,324 |
|
1,4382 |
58,369 |
|
1,4383 |
58,413 |
|
1,4384 |
53,458 |
|
1,4385 |
58,503 |
|
1,4386 |
58,547 |
|
1,4387 |
58,592 |
|
1,4388 |
58,637 |
|
1,4389 |
58,681 |
|
1,4390 |
58,726 |
|
1,4391 |
58,770 |
|
1,4392 |
58,815 |
|
1,4393 |
58,859 |
|
1,4394 |
58,904 |
|
1,4395 |
58,948 |
|
1,4396 |
58,993 |
|
1,4397 |
59,037 |
|
1,4398 |
59,082 |
|
1,4399 |
59,126 |
|
1,4400 |
59,170 |
|
1,4401 |
59,215 |
|
1,4402 |
59,259 |
|
1,4403 |
59,304 |
|
1,4404 |
59,348 |
|
1,4405 |
59,392 |
|
1,4406 |
59,437 |
|
1,4407 |
59,481 |
|
1,4408 |
59,525 |
|
1,4409 |
59,569 |
|
1,4410 |
59,614 |
|
1,4411 |
59,658 |
|
1,4412 |
59,702 |
|
1,4413 |
59,746 |
|
1,4414 |
59,791 |
|
1,4415 |
59,835 |
|
1,4416 |
59,879 |
|
1,4417 |
59,923 |
|
1,4418 |
59,967 |
|
1,4419 |
60,011 |
|
1,4420 |
60,056 |
|
1,4421 |
60,100 |
|
1,4422 |
60,144 |
|
1,4423 |
60,188 |
|
1,4424 |
60,232 |
|
1,4425 |
60,276 |
|
1,4426 |
60,320 |
|
1,4427 |
60,364 |
|
1,4428 |
60,408 |
|
1,4429 |
60,452 |
|
1,4430 |
60,496 |
|
1,4431 |
60,540 |
|
1,4432 |
60,584 |
|
1,4433 |
60,628 |
|
1,4434 |
60,672 |
|
1,4435 |
60,716 |
|
1,4436 |
60,759 |
|
1,4437 |
60,803 |
|
1,4438 |
60,847 |
|
1,4439 |
60,891 |
|
1,4440 |
60,935 |
|
1,4441 |
60,979 |
|
1,4442 |
61,023 |
|
1,4443 |
61,066 |
|
1,4444 |
61,110 |
|
1,4445 |
61,154 |
|
1,4446 |
61,198 |
|
1,4447 |
61,241 |
|
1,4448 |
61,285 |
|
1,4449 |
61,329 |
|
1,4450 |
61,372 |
|
1,4451 |
61,416 |
|
1,4452 |
61,460 |
|
1,4453 |
61,503 |
|
1,4454 |
61,547 |
|
1,4455 |
61,591 |
|
1,4456 |
61,634 |
|
1,4457 |
61,678 |
|
1,4458 |
61,721 |
|
1,4459 |
61,765 |
|
1,4460 |
61,809 |
|
1,4461 |
61,852 |
|
1,4462 |
61,896 |
|
1,4463 |
61,939 |
|
1,4464 |
62,983 |
|
1,4465 |
62,026 |
|
1,4466 |
62,070 |
|
1,4467 |
62,113 |
|
1,4468 |
62,156 |
|
1,4469 |
62,200 |
|
1,4470 |
62,243 |
|
1,4471 |
62,287 |
|
1,4472 |
62,330 |
|
1,4473 |
62,373 |
|
1,4474 |
62,417 |
|
1,4475 |
62,460 |
|
1,4476 |
62,503 |
|
1,4477 |
62,547 |
|
1,4478 |
62,590 |
|
14479 |
62,633 |
|
1,4480 |
62,677 |
|
1,4481 |
62,720 |
|
1,4482 |
62,763 |
|
1,4483 |
62,806 |
|
1,4184 |
62,849 |
|
1,4485 |
62,893 |
|
1,4486 |
62,936 |
|
1,4487 |
62,979 |
|
1,4488 |
63,022 |
|
1,4489 |
63,065 |
|
1,4490 |
63,108 |
|
1,4491 |
63,152 |
|
1,4492 |
63,195 |
|
1,4493 |
63,238 |
|
1,4494 |
63,281 |
|
1,4495 |
63,324 |
|
1,4496 |
63,367 |
|
1,4497 |
63,410 |
|
1,4498 |
63,453 |
|
1,4499 |
63,496 |
|
1,4500 |
63,539 |
|
1,4501 |
63,582 |
|
1,4502 |
63,625 |
|
1,4503 |
63,668 |
|
1,4304 |
63,711 |
|
1,4505 |
63,754 |
|
1,4506 |
63,797 |
|
1,4507 |
63,840 |
|
1,4508 |
63,882 |
|
1,4509 |
63,925 |
|
1,4510 |
63,968 |
|
1,4511 |
64,011 |
|
1,4512 |
64,054 |
|
1,4513 |
64,097 |
|
1,4514 |
64,139 |
|
1,4515 |
64,182 |
|
1,4516 |
64,225 |
|
1,4517 |
64,268 |
|
1,4518 |
64,311 |
|
1,4519 |
64,353 |
|
1,4520 |
64,396 |
|
1,4521 |
64,439 |
|
1,4522 |
64,481 |
|
1,4523 |
64,524 |
|
1,4524 |
64,567 |
|
1,4525 |
64,609 |
|
1,4526 |
64,652 |
|
1,4527 |
64,695 |
|
1,4528 |
64,737 |
|
1,4529 |
64,780 |
|
1,4530 |
64,823 |
|
1,4531 |
64,865 |
|
1,4532 |
64,908 |
|
1,4533 |
64,950 |
|
1,4534 |
64,993 |
|
1,4535 |
65,035 |
|
1,4536 |
65,078 |
|
1,4537 |
65,120 |
|
1,4538 |
65,163 |
|
1,4539 |
65,205 |
|
1,4540 |
65,248 |
|
1,4541 |
65,290 |
|
1,4542 |
65,333 |
|
1,4543 |
65,375 |
|
1,4544 |
65,417 |
|
1,4545 |
65,460 |
|
1,4546 |
65,502 |
|
1,4547 |
65,544 |
|
1,4548 |
65,587 |
|
1,4549 |
65,629 |
|
1,4550 |
65,672 |
|
1,4551 |
65,714 |
|
1,4552 |
65,756 |
|
1,4553 |
65,798 |
|
1,4554 |
65,841 |
|
1,4555 |
65,883 |
|
1,4556 |
65,925 |
|
1,4557 |
65,967 |
|
1,4558 |
66,010 |
|
1,4559 |
66,052 |
|
1,4560 |
66,094 |
|
1,4561 |
66,136 |
|
1,4562 |
66,178 |
|
1,4563 |
66,221 |
|
1,4564 |
66,263 |
|
1,4565 |
66,305 |
|
1,4566 |
66,347 |
|
1,4567 |
66,389 |
|
1,4568 |
66,431 |
|
1,4569 |
66,473 |
|
1,4570 |
66,515 |
|
1,4571 |
66,557 |
|
1,4572 |
66,599 |
|
1,4573 |
66,641 |
|
1,4574 |
66,683 |
|
1,4575 |
66,725 |
|
1,4576 |
66,767 |
|
1,4577 |
66,809 |
|
1,4578 |
66,851 |
|
1,4579 |
66,893 |
|
1,4580 |
66,935 |
|
1,4581 |
66,977 |
|
1,4582 |
67,019 |
|
1,4583 |
67,061 |
|
1,4584 |
67,103 |
|
1,4585 |
67,145 |
|
1,4586 |
67,186 |
|
1,4587 |
67,228 |
|
1,4588 |
67,270 |
|
1,4589 |
67,312 |
|
1,4590 |
67,354 |
|
1,4591 |
67,396 |
|
1,4592 |
67,437 |
|
1,4593 |
67,479 |
|
1,4594 |
67,521 |
|
1,4595 |
67,563 |
|
1,4596 |
67,604 |
|
1,4597 |
67,646 |
|
1,4598 |
67,688 |
|
1,4599 |
67,729 |
|
1,4600 |
67,771 |
|
1,4601 |
67,813 |
|
1,4602 |
67,854 |
|
1,4603 |
67,896 |
|
1,4604 |
67,938 |
|
1,4605 |
67,979 |
|
1,4606 |
68,021 |
|
1,4607 |
68,063 |
|
1,4608 |
68,104 |
|
1,4609 |
68,146 |
|
1,4610 |
68,187 |
|
1,4611 |
68,229 |
|
1,4611 |
68,270 |
|
1,4613 |
68,312 |
|
1,4614 |
68,353 |
|
1,4615 |
68,395 |
|
1,4616 |
68,436 |
|
1,4617 |
68,478 |
|
1,4618 |
68,519 |
|
1,4619 |
68,561 |
|
1,4620 |
68,602 |
|
1,4621 |
68,643 |
|
1,4622 |
68,685 |
|
1,4623 |
68,726 |
|
1,4624 |
68,768 |
|
1,4625 |
68,809 |
|
1,4626 |
68,850 |
|
1,4627 |
68,892 |
|
1,4628 |
68,933 |
|
1,4629 |
68,974 |
|
1,4630 |
69,016 |
|
1,4631 |
69,057 |
|
1,4632 |
69,098 |
|
1,4633 |
69,139 |
|
1,4634 |
69,181 |
|
1,4635 |
69,222 |
|
1,4636 |
69,263 |
|
1,4637 |
69,304 |
|
1,4638 |
69,346 |
|
1,4639 |
69,387 |
|
1,4640 |
69,428 |
|
1,4641 |
69,469 |
|
1,4642 |
69,510 |
|
1,4643 |
69,551 |
|
1,4644 |
69,593 |
|
1,4645 |
69,634 |
|
1,4646 |
69,675 |
|
1,4647 |
69,716 |
|
1,4648 |
69,757 |
|
1,4649 |
69,798 |
|
1,4650 |
69,839 |
|
1,4651 |
69,880 |
|
1,4652 |
69,921 |
|
1,4653 |
69,962 |
|
1,4654 |
70,003 |
|
1,4655 |
70,044 |
|
1,4656 |
70,085 |
|
1,4657 |
70,126 |
|
1,4658 |
70,167 |
|
1,4659 |
70,208 |
|
1,4660 |
70,249 |
|
1,4661 |
70,290 |
|
1,4662 |
70,331 |
|
1,4663 |
70,372 |
|
1,4664 |
70,413 |
|
1,4665 |
70,453 |
|
1,4666 |
70,494 |
|
1,4667 |
70,535 |
|
1,4668 |
70,576 |
|
1,4669 |
70,617 |
|
1,4670 |
70,658 |
|
1,4671 |
70,698 |
|
1,4672 |
70,739 |
|
1,4673 |
70,780 |
|
1,4674 |
70,821 |
|
1,4675 |
70,861 |
|
1,4676 |
70,902 |
|
1,4677 |
70,943 |
|
1,4678 |
70,984 |
|
1,4679 |
71024 |
|
1,4680 |
71,065 |
|
1,4681 |
71,106 |
|
1,4681 |
71,146 |
|
1,4683 |
71,187 |
|
1,4684 |
71,228 |
|
1,4685 |
71,268 |
|
1,4686 |
71,309 |
|
1,4687 |
71,349 |
|
1,4688 |
71,390 |
|
1,4689 |
71,431 |
|
1,4690 |
71,471 |
|
1,4691 |
71,512 |
|
1,4692 |
71,552 |
|
1,4693 |
71,593 |
|
1,4694 |
71,633 |
|
1,4695 |
71,674 |
|
1,4696 |
71,714 |
|
1,4697 |
71,755 |
|
1,4698 |
71,795 |
|
1,4699 |
71,836 |
|
1,4700 |
71,876 |
|
1,4701 |
71,917 |
|
1,4702 |
71,957 |
|
1,4703 |
71,998 |
|
1,4704 |
72,038 |
|
1,4705 |
72,078 |
|
1,4706 |
72,119 |
|
1,4707 |
72,159 |
|
1,4708 |
72,199 |
|
1,4709 |
72,240 |
|
1,4710 |
72,280 |
|
1,4711 |
72,320 |
|
1,4712 |
72,361 |
|
1,4713 |
72,401 |
|
1,4714 |
72,441 |
|
1,4715 |
72,482 |
|
1,4716 |
72,522 |
|
1,4717 |
72,562 |
|
1,4718 |
72,602 |
|
1,4719 |
72,643 |
|
1,4720 |
72,683 |
|
1,4721 |
72,723 |
|
1,4722 |
72,763 |
|
1,4723 |
72,803 |
|
1,4724 |
72,843 |
|
1,4725 |
72,884 |
|
1,4726 |
72924 |
|
1,4727 |
72,964 |
|
1,4728 |
73,004 |
|
1,4729 |
73,044 |
|
1,4730 |
73,084 |
|
1,4731 |
73,124 |
|
1,4732 |
73,164 |
|
1,4733 |
73,204 |
|
1,4734 |
73,244 |
|
1,4735 |
73,285 |
|
1,4736 |
73,325 |
|
1,4737 |
73,365 |
|
1,4738 |
73,405 |
|
1,4739 |
73,445 |
|
1,4740 |
73,485 |
|
1,4741 |
73,524 |
|
1,4742 |
73,564 |
|
1,4743 |
73,604 |
|
1,4744 |
73,644 |
|
1,4745 |
73,684 |
|
1,4746 |
73,724 |
|
1,4747 |
73,764 |
|
1,4748 |
73,804 |
|
1,4749 |
73,844 |
|
1,4750 |
73,884 |
|
1,4751 |
73,924 |
|
1,4752 |
73,963 |
|
1,4753 |
74,003 |
|
1,4754 |
74,043 |
|
1,4755 |
74,083 |
|
1,4756 |
74,123 |
|
1,4757 |
74,162 |
|
1,4758 |
74,202 |
|
1,4759 |
74,242 |
|
1,4760 |
74,282 |
|
1,4761 |
74,321 |
|
1,4762 |
74,361 |
|
1,4763 |
74,401 |
|
1,4764 |
74,441 |
|
1,4765 |
74,480 |
|
1,4766 |
74,520 |
|
1,4767 |
74,560 |
|
1,4768 |
74,599 |
|
1,4769 |
74,639 |
|
1,4770 |
74,678 |
|
1,4771 |
74,718 |
|
1,1772 |
74,758 |
|
1,4773 |
74,797 |
|
1,4774 |
74,837 |
|
1,4775 |
74,876 |
|
1,4776 |
74,916 |
|
1,4777 |
74,956 |
|
1,4778 |
74,995 |
|
1,4779 |
75,035 |
|
1,4780 |
75,074 |
|
1,1781 |
75,114 |
|
1,4782 |
75,153 |
|
1,4783 |
75,193 |
|
1,4784 |
75,232 |
|
1,4785 |
75,272 |
|
1,4786 |
75,311 |
|
1,4787 |
75,350 |
|
1,4788 |
75,390 |
|
1,4789 |
75,429 |
|
1,4790 |
75,469 |
|
1,4791 |
75,508 |
|
1,4792 |
75,547 |
|
1,4793 |
75,587 |
|
1,4794 |
75,626 |
|
1,4795 |
75,666 |
|
1,4796 |
75,705 |
|
1,4797 |
75,744 |
|
1,4798 |
75,784 |
|
1,4799 |
75,823 |
|
1,4800 |
75,862 |
|
1,4801 |
75,901 |
|
1,4802 |
75,941 |
|
1,4803 |
75,980 |
|
1,4804 |
76,019 |
|
1,4805 |
76,058 |
|
1,4806 |
76,098 |
|
1,4807 |
76,137 |
|
1,4808 |
76,176 |
|
1,4809 |
76,215 |
|
1,4810 |
76,254 |
|
1,4810 |
76,294 |
|
1,4812 |
76,333 |
|
1,4813 |
76,372 |
|
1,4814 |
76,411 |
|
1,4815 |
76,450 |
|
1,4816 |
76,489 |
|
1,4817 |
76,528 |
|
1,4818 |
76,567 |
|
1,4819 |
76,607 |
|
1,4820 |
76,646 |
|
1,4821 |
76,685 |
|
1,4822 |
76,724 |
|
1,4823 |
76,763 |
|
1,4824 |
76,802 |
|
1,4825 |
76,841 |
|
1,4826 |
76,880 |
|
1,4827 |
76,919 |
|
1,4828 |
76,958 |
|
1,4829 |
76,997 |
|
1,4830 |
77,036 |
|
1,4831 |
77,075 |
|
1,4832 |
77,113 |
|
1,4833 |
77,152 |
|
1,4834 |
77,191 |
|
1,4835 |
77,230 |
|
1&xxxx;4336 |
77269 |
|
1,4837 |
77,308 |
|
1,4838 |
77,347 |
|
1,4839 |
77,386 |
|
1,4840 |
77,425 |
|
1,4841 |
77,463 |
|
1,4842 |
77,502 |
|
1,4843 |
77,541 |
|
1,4844 |
77,580 |
|
1,4845 |
77,619 |
|
1,4846 |
77,657 |
|
1,4847 |
77,696 |
|
1,4848 |
77,735 |
|
1,4849 |
77,774 |
|
1,4850 |
77,812 |
|
1,4851 |
77,851 |
|
1,4852 |
77,890 |
|
1,4853 |
77,928 |
|
1,4854 |
77,967 |
|
1,4855 |
78,006 |
|
1,4856 |
78,045 |
|
1,4857 |
78,083 |
|
1,4858 |
78,122 |
|
1,4859 |
78,160 |
|
1,4860 |
78,199 |
|
1,4861 |
78,238 |
|
1,4862 |
78,276 |
|
1,4863 |
78,315 |
|
1,4864 |
78,353 |
|
1,4865 |
78,392 |
|
1,4866 |
78,431 |
|
1,4867 |
78,469 |
|
1,4868 |
78,508 |
|
1,4869 |
78,546 |
|
1,4870 |
78,585 |
|
1,4871 |
78,623 |
|
1,4872 |
78,662 |
|
1,4873 |
78,700 |
|
1,4874 |
78,739 |
|
1,4875 |
78,777 |
|
1,4876 |
78,816 |
|
1,4877 |
78,854 |
|
1,4878 |
78,892 |
|
1,4879 |
78,931 |
|
1,4880 |
78,969 |
|
1,4881 |
79,008 |
|
1,4882 |
79,046 |
|
1,4883 |
79,084 |
|
1,4884 |
79,123 |
|
1,4885 |
79,161 |
|
1,4886 |
79,199 |
|
1,4887 |
79,238 |
|
1,4888 |
79,276 |
|
1,4889 |
79,314 |
|
1,4890 |
79,353 |
|
1,4891 |
79,391 |
|
1,4892 |
79,429 |
|
1,4893 |
79,468 |
|
1,4894 |
79,506 |
|
1,4895 |
79,544 |
|
1,4896 |
79,582 |
|
1,4897 |
79,620 |
|
1,4898 |
79,659 |
|
1,4899 |
79,697 |
|
1,4900 |
79,735 |
|
1,4901 |
79,773 |
|
1,4902 |
79,811 |
|
1,4903 |
79,850 |
|
1,4904 |
79,888 |
|
1,4905 |
79,926 |
|
1,4906 |
79,964 |
|
1,4907 |
80,002 |
|
1,4908 |
80,040 |
|
1,4909 |
80,078 |
|
1,4910 |
80,116 |
|
1,4911 |
80,154 |
|
1,4912 |
80,192 |
|
1,4913 |
80,231 |
|
1,4914 |
80,269 |
|
1,4915 |
80,307 |
|
1,4916 |
80,345 |
|
1,4917 |
80,383 |
|
1,4918 |
80,421 |
|
1,4919 |
80,459 |
|
1,4920 |
80,497 |
|
1,4921 |
80,534 |
|
1,4922 |
80,572 |
|
1,4923 |
80,610 |
|
1,4924 |
80,648 |
|
1,4925 |
80,686 |
|
1,4926 |
80,724 |
|
1,4927 |
80,762 |
|
1,4928 |
80,800 |
|
1,4929 |
80,838 |
|
1,4930 |
80,876 |
|
1,4931 |
80,913 |
|
1,4932 |
80,951 |
|
1,4933 |
80,989 |
|
1,4934 |
81,027 |
|
1,4935 |
81,065 |
|
1,4936 |
81,103 |
|
1,4937 |
81,140 |
|
1,4938 |
81,178 |
|
1,4939 |
81,216 |
|
1,4940 |
81,254 |
|
1,4941 |
81,291 |
|
1,4942 |
81,329 |
|
1,4943 |
81,367 |
|
1,4944 |
81,405 |
|
1,4945 |
81,442 |
|
1,4946 |
81,480 |
|
1,4947 |
81,518 |
|
1,4948 |
81,555 |
|
1,4949 |
81,593 |
|
1,4950 |
81,631 |
|
1,4951 |
81,668 |
|
1,4952 |
81,706 |
|
1,4953 |
81,744 |
|
1,4954 |
81,781 |
|
1,4955 |
81,819 |
|
1,4956 |
81,856 |
|
1,4957 |
81,894 |
|
1,4958 |
81,932 |
|
1,4959 |
81,969 |
|
1,4960 |
82,007 |
|
1,4961 |
82,044 |
|
1,4962 |
82,082 |
|
1,4963 |
82,119 |
|
1,4964 |
82,157 |
|
1,4965 |
82,194 |
|
1,4966 |
82,232 |
|
1,4967 |
82,269 |
|
1,4968 |
82,307 |
|
1,4969 |
82,344 |
|
1,4970 |
82,381 |
|
1,4971 |
82,419 |
|
1,4972 |
82,456 |
|
1,4973 |
82,494 |
|
1,4974 |
87,531 |
|
1,4975 |
82,569 |
|
1,9976 |
82,606 |
|
1,4977 |
82,643 |
|
1,4978 |
82,681 |
|
1,4979 |
82,718 |
|
1,4980 |
82,755 |
|
1,4981 |
82,793 |
|
1,4982 |
82,830 |
|
1,4983 |
82,867 |
|
1,4984 |
82,905 |
|
1,4985 |
82,942 |
|
1,4986 |
82,979 |
|
1,4987 |
83,016 |
|
1,4988 |
83,054 |
|
1,4989 |
83,091 |
|
14990 |
83,128 |
|
1,4991 |
83,165 |
|
1,4992 |
83,202 |
|
1,4993 |
83,240 |
|
1,4994 |
83,277 |
|
1,4995 |
83,314 |
|
1,4996 |
83,351 |
|
1,4997 |
83,388 |
|
1,4998 |
83,425 |
|
14999 |
83,463 |
|
1,5000 |
83,500 |
|
1,5001 |
83,537 |
|
1,5002 |
83,574 |
|
1,5003 |
83,611 |
|
1,5004 |
83,648 |
|
1,5005 |
83,685 |
|
1,5006 |
83,722 |
|
1,5007 |
83,759 |
|
1,5008 |
83,796 |
|
1,5009 |
83,833 |
|
1,5010 |
83,870 |
|
1,5011 |
83,907 |
|
1,5012 |
83,944 |
|
1,5013 |
83,981 |
|
1,5014 |
84,018 |
|
1,5015 |
84,055 |
|
1,5016 |
84,092 |
|
1,5017 |
84,129 |
|
1,5018 |
84,166 |
|
1,5019 |
84,203 |
|
1,5020 |
84,240 |
|
1,5021 |
84,277 |
|
1,5022 |
84,314 |
|
1,5023 |
84,351 |
|
1,5024 |
84,388 |
|
1,5025 |
84,424 |
|
1,5026 |
84,461 |
|
1,5027 |
84,498 |
|
1,5028 |
84,535 |
|
1,5029 |
84,572 |
|
1,5030 |
84,609 |
|
1,5031 |
84,645 |
|
1&xxxx;5032 |
84,682 |
|
1,5033 |
84,719 |
|
1,5034 |
84,756 |
|
1,5035 |
84,792 |
|
1,5036 |
84,829 |
|
1,5037 |
84,866 |
|
1,5038 |
84,903 |
|
1,5039 |
84,939 |
|
1,5040 |
84,976 |
|
1,5041 |
85,013 |
|
1,5042 |
85,049 |
|
1,5043 |
85,086 |
|
1,5044 |
85,123 |
|
1,5045 |
85,159 |
|
1,5046 |
85,196 |
|
1,5047 |
85,233 |
|
1,5048 |
85,269 |
|
1,5049 |
85,306 |
|
1,5050 |
85,343 |
|
1,5051 |
85,379 |
|
1,5052 |
85,416 |
|
1,5053 |
85,452 |
|
1,5054 |
85,489 |
|
1,5055 |
85,525 |
|
1,5056 |
85,562 |
|
1,5057 |
85,598 |
|
1,5058 |
85,635 |
|
1,5059 |
85,672 |
|
1,5060 |
85,708 |
|
1,5061 |
85,744 |
|
1,5062 |
85,781 |
|
1,5063 |
85,817 |
|
1,5064 |
85,854 |
|
1,5065 |
85,890 |
|
1,5066 |
85,927 |
|
1,5067 |
85,963 |
|
1,5068 |
86,000 |
|
1,5069 |
86,036 |
|
1,5070 |
86,072 |
|
1,5071 |
86,109 |
|
1,5072 |
86,145 |
|
1,5073 |
86,182 |
|
1,5074 |
86,218 |
|
1,5075 |
86,254 |
|
1,5076 |
86,291 |
|
1,5077 |
86,327 |
|
1,5078 |
86,363 |
|
1,5079 |
86,399 |
[1] Xxxxxxx x x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, jejímž xxxxxxx xxx XXXXXX xx X. Xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx x výpočty provedeny Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxxx x XXXX a xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x Xxxxx X. 33, 15-22 (červen 1970). Xxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 20 °X pomocí X xxxx Na. Xxxx (xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx) xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx 20 °X xx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxx 760 xxxxx (xx Hg) x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx. Xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx (47&xxxx;012, xxxxxx 11) xxxxxxxxxxxx x Xxxxxx. Xxxxx X. 39, 22 (1937).
XXXXXX 4
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX VYJÁDŘENÝCH XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx a xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx redukujících xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx
2. Definice
„Redukující xxxxx xxxxxxxxx jako xxxxxxxx xxxx“: xxxxx redukujících xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx metody
Roztok xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů se xxxxxxx pro xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx XX. Vzniklý xxxx xxxxx xx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx (xx xxxxxx xxxxxx), xxxxx přebytek xx xxxxxxx zpětnou xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sodného (se xxxxxx xxxxxx).
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Roztok Cu XX (Xxxxxxxx roztok)
4.1.1 Xx 400 ml xxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxx 35 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX4 5X2X) x xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.1.2 X 500 xx xxxxxx vody xx xxxxxxxx 173 g xxxxxx sodnodraselného xxxxxxxxxxxx (Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx xxx, KNaC4H4O6,4H2O) x 68 g xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sodného a xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.1.3 Xxx roztoky (4.1.1 x 4.1.2) se xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx baňky x xxxxxx se xxxxx xx 1 xxxxx. Xx xxxxxxx 2 x aktivního uhlí xx obsah protřepe, xxxxx xx několik xxxxx stát a xxxx se přefiltruje xxxx hustý xxxxxxxx xxxx membránový xxxxx.
Xxxxx xx v xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx objeví xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx, xx třeba xxxxxx znovu přefiltrovat.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxx 5 mol/l.
4.3 Xxxxxx xxxx, 0,01665 xxx/x (0,0333X; 4,2258 x/x).
4.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sodného, xxxxxx 0,0333 mol/l.
4.5 Xxxxxx škrobu: do xxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxx směs 5 x rozpustného xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xx 30 ml xxxx, xxxxxx se 3 xxxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx. X xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx 10 xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx jako konzervačního xxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, 300 xx; přesné xxxxxx x pipety.
5.2 Xxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xx 300 xx Erlenmeyerovy baňky xx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx (10 x xxxx xxxx), xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxx než 30 xx invertního xxxxx, x xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xx 100 xx xxxx.
Xx xxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxx 10 xx xxxxxxx Xx XX (4.1), xxxxx se xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx a xxxxx se xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx (5.2) na xxxx xxxxxx 10 xxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxx 20 xx xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx ve xxxxx xxxxx. Baňka se xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxx nedošlo x opětovné xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx oxidu xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxx protřepávání xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx 5 xx xxxxxxx kyseliny xxxxxx (4.2) o xxxxxxxxxxx 5 xxx/x x xxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx přebytek (20 xx 40 xx) roztoku xxxx (4.3) o xxxxxxxxxxx 0,016 65 mol/l.
Sraženina xxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx a xxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx thiosíranu xxxxxxx (4.4) x koncentraci 0,0333 mol/l xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx (4.5) jako xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxx xx přidává xx konci xxxxxxx.
6.2 X vodou xx xxxxxxx xxxxx pokus, xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx při použití xxxxxx xxxxxxx Xx XX (4.4). Titrační xxxxxxxx nepřekročí 0,1 xx.
6.3 S xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxx teplotě po xxxx 10 minut, xxx xxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Vzorec x postup xxxxxxx
Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxx xx xxxxx objemu (xx) xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx jódu (0,016 65 xxx/x) xxxxx xxxxx (xx) xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (0,0333 xxx/x) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx (ml) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx (0,016 65 mol/l) se xxxxxx odečtením:
7.1.1 xxxxx xx spotřebovaných xxx xxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxx (6.2),
7.1.2 počtu xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx za xxxxxx (6.3),
7.1.3 objemu 2,0 xx na xxxxxxx 10 x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx-xx vzorek méně xxx 10 x xxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx).
Xx xxxxxxxxx těchto xxxxxxx odpovídá spotřeba 1 ml xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3) 1 xx xxxxxxxxxx cukru.
Obsah xxxxxxxxxx cukru x xxxxxxxxxx vzorku se xxxxxxxx xxxxx vzorce:
kde:
V1 = počet ml xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3) xx xxxxxxx,
x0 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x).
7.2 Opakovatelnost
Rozdíl mezi xxxxxxxx xxxx stanovení xxxxxxxxxxx zároveň xxxx xxxxxx za xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 0,02 x xx 100 x vzorku.
METODA 5
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX CUKRŮ XXXXXXXXXXX XXXX INVERTNÍ XXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxxxx x Xxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx použití
Metoda xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů vyjádřených xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx
- x cukru xxxx x cukru bílém,
- x xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
„Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx“: xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx popsanou xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
X xxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx v přebytku xxxxxxx s obsahem Xx XX, xxxxxxxxxxx x nezredukovaný podíl xx xxx stanoví xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx EDTA.
4. Reakční xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxxxx sůl) (EDTA), xxxxxx 0,0025 mol/l: xxxxxxxx xx 0,930 x EDTA ve xxxx x xxxxxx xx xxxxx do xxxxxxx xxxxx.
4.2 Roztok xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx: 0,25 x xxxxxxxx xx xxxxx xx 50 xx vody x xxxxxx xx s 20 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx modři x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,2 x/100 xx.
4.3 Alkalické xxxxxxx xxxxxxx: v 600 xx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx 40 xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 1,0 xxx/x xx rozpustí 25 x bezvodého xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx a 25 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx. Přibližně x 100 xx vody xx xxxxxxxx 6,0 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx – pentahydrátu (XxXX4 5X2X), vzniklý xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxx do xxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx: Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx trvanlivost (xxxxx týden).
4.4 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx cukru: x odměrné baňce x objemu 250 xx xx xxxxxxxx 23,750 x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx (4.5) xxx xx 120 xx xxxx. Xxxxx se 9 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (X20 = 1,16) a xxxxx xx stát při xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx po xxxx 8 dní. Xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx 250 xx x ukončení xxxxxxxxx xx zkontroluje odečtem xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx při xxxxxxx xxxxxxx o xxxxx 200 xx. Zjištěná xxxxxxx xx má xxxxxx 11,80 ± 0,05°X (xxx xxxxxxxx 8). 200 xx xxxxxx roztoku xx xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx o xxxxxx 2000 xx, xxxxx xx xxxxx a xx stálého xxxxxxxxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxx k xxxxxxxxxx místnímu xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx) xx přidá 71,4 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx sodného (1 xxx/x), xx xxxxxx xxxx rozpuštěny 4 x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx. Xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx 2000 ml, xx. xxx xxxxxxxxx 1 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx ve 100 xx; hodnota xX xxxxxxx se xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx 3.
Xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xx ředí pouze xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx použitím.
4.5 Xxxxx xxxxxxxxx: vzorek xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx 0,001 g/100 x.
5. Xxxxxxxxx a xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxxx 150 x 20 mm.
5.2 Xxxx porcelánová xxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx vážící x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 mg.
6. Postup
6.1 Xx zkumavce (5.1) xx xxxxxxxx 5 x xxxxxx cukru x 5 xx xxxxxxx xxxx, přidají xx 2,0 ml xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3) x xxxxx se xxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx lázně x xxxxxx vodou xx xxxx 5 xxxxx x xxxx xx xx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx.
6.2 Xxxxxx xx ze zkumavky xxxxxxxxxxxxx, s xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxxx do xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx misky (5.2), xxxxxxx xx xxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (4.2) x titruje xx roztokem XXXX (4.1). Xxxxxxxx spotřeba x xx xx xxxxxx xxxx X0.
Xxxxx xxxx ukončením xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxx na xxxxxxxxxx x konečném xxxx. Purpurová xxxxx xxxxxx mizí x xxxxxxxx oxidace xxxxx xxxxxxx na xxxx xxxxxxx rychlost xxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx zredukované xxxx. Xxxxx xx při xxxxxxx xxxxx dosáhnout xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx.
6.3 Xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx přidávání xxxxxxx množství invertního xxxxx (xxxxxxxxx zředěný xxxxxx 4.4) k 5 x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx (4.5) a xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx, xxx xxxxxxx objem přidaného xxxxxxx xxxxx 5 xx. Titrační xxxxxxxx (xx) xx xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx obsahu xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x 5 g xxxxxxxxx; xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx x xxxxxxx 0,001 až 0,019 x na 100 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxx. 100 x xxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx výpočtu
Z kalibrační xxxxxx se xxxxxx xxxxx invertního xxxxx (x xxxxxxxxxx) xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx XXXX V0 xx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx.
7.2 Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx koncentrace xxx 0,017 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 x xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, musí xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx množství xxxxxx v bodě 6.1, analyzovaný xxxxxx xx však xxxx xxxxxxx do 5 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (4.5).
7.3 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi xxxxxxxx xxxx stanovení xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxx vzorku xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 0,005 g na 100 x xxxxxx.
8. Xxxxxxxx
Xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx °X xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx uvedená x °X xxxx 2,889 (xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x délce 200 xx; sodíková xxxxxxx xxxx světelný zdroj; xxxxxxxx umístěný v xxxxxxxxx, ve xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx 20 °X).
XXXXXX 6
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX CUKR NEBO XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
(Xxxxxx podle Xxxxx x Xxxxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx
1.1 xxxxxx redukujících xxxxx vyjádřeného xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx
- x xxxxxxx cukru,
- x xxxxxxx bílém cukru,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx z xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx z invertního xxxxx xxxxxx;
1.2 xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x vypočteného (xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx) jako xxxxxxxxxx ekvivalent
- xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx škrobovém sirupu;
1.3 xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx X-xxxxxxx
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
„Xxxxxxxxxx cukry xxxxxxxxx xxxx invertní xxxxx, X-xxxxxxx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx": xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů xxxxxxxxx xxxx vypočtený jako xxxxxxxx xxxx, Xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx metody
Vzorek x xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx (a x xxxxxxx potřeby xxxxxx) xx xxxxxxxxxxxx podmínek x xxxx varu x roztokem Xx XX, xxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx na Xx X. Xxxxxxxx Xx XX xx xxxx xxxxxxx jodometricky.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx X: 21,95 x octanu zinečnatého xxxxxxxxx, (Zn(CH3COO)22H2O) xxxx 24 g xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx trihydrátu, (Xx(XX3XXX)2-3X2X) xx xxxxx s xxxxxxxxx 3 ml xxxxxx xxxxxxxx octové xxxxxxxx xx xxxx x doplní xxxxx xx 100 ml.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx roztok XX: 10,6 g xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx trihydrátu (X4[Xx(XX)6]-3X2X) xx xxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 xx.
4.3 Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx činidlo: xxxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxx:
4.3.1 Roztok síranu xxxxxxxxx: 25 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX45X2X) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xx 100 ml xxxx.
4.3.2 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxx citrónové: 50 x kyseliny xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx (X6X8X7-X2X) xx xxxxxxxx x 50 xx xxxx.
4.3.3 Xxxxxx uhličitanu sodného: 143,8 x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sodného se xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x 300 xx horké xxxx x xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.3.4 K xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3.3) v litrové xxxxxxx baňce xx xx mírného promíchávání xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx přidává xxxxxx xxxxxxxx citronové (4.3.2). Xxxxx xx xxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx plyn, xxx se xxxxx xxxxxx síranu xxxxxxxxx (4.3.1) x vodou xx doplní do 1000 xx. Xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxx xxxx noc, x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx. Provede xx kontrola xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx v xxxx 6.1 (Cu 0,1 xxx/x; Na2CO3 1 xxx/x).
4.4 Roztok xxxxxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x.
4.5 Xxxxxx xxxxxx: xx xxxxxxx litru xxxxxx xxxx se přilije 5 x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx rozmíchaného xx 30 xx xxxx. Xxxxxx xx 3 xxxxxx a xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx; je-li xxxxx, přidá se 10 xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxx konzervační xxxxxxx.
4.6 Xxxxxxxx sírová, 3 mol/l.
4.7 Xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx, 30 % (x/X).
4.8 Xxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx, promyté xxxxx do xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx a xxxxxxxx.
4.9 Xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.10 Xxxxxxxx xxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x.
4.11 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx, 0,1&xxxx;&xxxx;&xxxx; xxx/x.
4.12 Fenoftalein, xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (m/V) v xxxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Erlenmeyerova xxxxx, x xxxxxx 300 xx, se zpětným xxxxxxxxx.
5.2 Xxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxx Luffova-Schoorlova xxxxxxx (4.3):
6.1.1 Xx 25 xx Luffova-Schoorlova xxxxxxx (4.3) xx xxxxxxx 3 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx x 25 ml xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 3 xxx/x (4.6).
Titruje xx roztokem xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.4) xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.5) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxx xx xx xxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxx xxxx spotřeba roztoku xxxxxxxxxx x koncentraci 0,1 mol/l xxxxx 25 ml, xxxx xxx činidlo xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
6.1.2 Xxxxxxxxxx se 10 xx činidla xx 100ml xxxxxxx xxxxx a xx xxxxx se xxxxxx xxxxx.
10 xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx činidla xx xxxxxxxxxx xx Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx 25 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.11) x xxxxxxx xx xx xxxx xxxxx hodiny xx xxxxxx vodní xxxxx. Xxx se xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx xx na původní xxxxx xxxxxxx převařenou xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx hydroxidu sodného x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.10) za xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.12) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx sodného, 0,1 xxx/x (4.10) xxxx xxx xxxx 5,5 x 6,5 xx.
6.1.3 10 xx zředěného xxxxxxx (6.1.2) se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx chlorovodíkovou, 0,1 xxx/x (4.11) xx použití xxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.12) jako xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx xxx titrace xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx chlorovodíkové, 0,1 xxx/x (4.11) xxxx xxx xxxx 6,0 x 7,5 xx.
6.1.4 Xxxxxxx xX Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxx 9,3 x 9,4 xxx 20 °X.
6.2 Xxxxxxxx roztoku
6.2.1 Xxxxxx se 5 x vzorku s xxxxxxxxx xx 1 xx x xxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 250 xx xxxxxxxxxx 200 ml xxxx. X případě xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx 5 xx Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx X (4.1), pak xx xxxxx 5 xx Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx II (4.2). Xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx roztoku xx xxxxx zamíchá. Roztok xx xxxxxx xxxxx xx 250 xx x xxxxx promíchá. X xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx roztok xxxxxxxxxxx.
6.2.2 Xxxxxx (6.2.1) se xxxxx v xxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xx x 25 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 15 xx 60 xx.
6.3 Titrace xxxxx Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx metody
Do 300 xx Erlenmeyerovy xxxxx (5.1) xx xxxxxxxxxx 25 xx Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3), xx xxxxx se xxx pipetou xxxxxx 25 xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.2.2) a xxxxx xx xxx xxxxxx pemzy (4.8). X xxxxx (5.1) xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxx umístí xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx nad xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx. Xxxxx xx v xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx kruhový xxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxx xx xxx xxxxx. Xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxx xx varu a xxxxx xx xxxxxx 10 xxxxx mírně xxxxx. Xxx xx xxxxx ochladí xx xxxxxxx xxxx a xx pěti minutách xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx:
Xxxxx xx 10 ml roztoku xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (4.7), xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx opatrně (x xxxxxxx na bouřlivý xxxxx xxxxx) 25 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 3 xxx/x (4.6). Xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx thiosíranu xxxxxxx o koncentraci 0,1 mol/l (4.4), xxxxx se xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx, pak xx xxxxx jako xxxxxxxxx několik xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx (4.5) x pokračuje se x xxxxxxx xx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx x 25 xx xxxx xxxxx 25 ml cukerného xxxxxxx (6.2.2).
7. Vyjádření xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx a xxxxxx xxxxxxx
X xxxx xxxxxxx tabulky se xxxxxx (případně xx xxxxxxx interpolací) xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx nebo xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx v xx, xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx v ml xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sodného x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x.
Xxxxxxxx se xxxxxxx x procentech (m/m) xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx nebo X-xxxxxxx, vztažených na xxxxxx.
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx větší xxx 0,2 xx.
8. Xxxxxxxx
Xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx může xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx izopentanolu (4.9), aby xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx pěny.
Tabulka xxxxxx xxx Xxxxxxx – Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
|
0,1 xxx/x Xx2X2X3 |
Xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx cukr X6X12X6 |
|
|
xx |
xx |
xxxxxx |
|
1 |
2,4 |
|
|
2 |
4,8 |
2,4 |
|
3 |
7,2 |
2,4 |
|
4 |
9,7 |
2,5 |
|
5 |
12,2 |
2,5 |
|
6 |
14,7 |
2,5 |
|
7 |
17,2 |
2,5 |
|
8 |
19,8 |
2,6 |
|
9 |
22,4 |
2,6 |
|
10 |
25,0 |
2,6 |
|
11 |
27,6 |
2,6 |
|
12 |
30,3 |
2,7 |
|
13 |
33,0 |
2,7 |
|
14 |
35,7 |
2,7 |
|
15 |
38,5 |
2,8 |
|
16 |
41,3 |
2,8 |
|
17 |
44,2 |
2,9 |
|
18 |
47,1 |
2,9 |
|
19 |
50,0 |
2,9 |
|
20 |
53,0 |
3,0 |
|
21 |
56,0 |
3,0 |
|
22 |
59,1 |
3,1 |
|
23 |
62,2 |
3,1 |
XXXXXX 7
XXXXXXXXX REDUKUJÍCÍCH CUKRŮ XXXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX
(Xxxxxx podle Xxxxx x Eynona – xxxxxxxxxx x konstantním xxxxxxx)
1. Předmět a xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx stanovení redukujících xxxxx vyjádřených jako xxxxxxxx cukr
- v xxxxxxx cukru,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx bílém,
- x xxxxxxx invertním xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx cukru,
- x xxxxxx z xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxxx x invertního xxxxx xxxxxx.
2. Definice
"Redukující xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx": xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů stanovený xxxxxxxx metodou.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx titruje xx xxxx xxxx určité xxxxxxxx Fehlingova xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx methylenové xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx:
4.1.1 Xxxxxx A:
69,3 x síranu xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX4·5X2X) xx xxxxxxxx xx vodě x xxxxxx xx xx 1000 xx.
4.1.2 Xxxxxx B:
346,0 x xxxxxx sodnodraselného tetrahydrátu (XXxX4X4X6·4X2X) a 100 x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx rozpustí ve xxxx a doplní xx 1000 xx. Xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx, která xx xxxx někdy vytvořit.
Poznámka:
Tyto xxx roztoky je xxxxx skladovat v xxxxxxx nebo xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
4.2 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx sodného, 1 xxx/x.
4.3 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx: 23,750 x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx asi xx 120 xx xxxx xx 250xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxx xx 9 ml xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxx 1,16 x/xx) x xxxxx se xxxx xxx laboratorní xxxxxxx xx xxxx 8 xxx. Xxxxxx se xxxxxx xx 250 xx a xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx se zkontroluje xxxxxxxxxxxx nebo xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx délky 200 xx. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xx xxxxxx 11,80 ± 0,05 °S (xxx xxxxxxxx 8). 200 xx tohoto xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx do 2000xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxx x xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (xxx nedošlo x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx) xx xxxxx 71,4 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x koncentraci 1 xxx/x (4.2), xx xxxxxx jsou xxxxxxxxxx 4 x kyseliny xxxxxxxx. Baňka xx xxxxxx do 2000 xx, xxx výsledný xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx 1 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 xx. Xxxxxxx xX roztoku xx xxx přibližně xxxxx 3.
Xxxxx stabilní xxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xx xxx ředit xx těsně před xxxxxxxx.
Xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,25 g/100 xx xx 250xx xxxxxxx xxxxx naplní xx xxxxx zásobním xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 1 x/100 xx xxx 20 °C. Xxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx 1000 xx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx xx xxx 20 °X xx xxxxx xxxxx.
4.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, 1 g/100 xx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx a xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxx baňky x xxxxx xxxxxx o xxxxxx 500 xx.
5.2 Xxxxxx o xxxxxx 50 xx, xxxxxx xx 0,05 xx, x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx 20, 25 x 50 ml.
5.4 Xxxxxxx baňky o xxxxxx 250, 1000 x 2000 ml.
5.5 Xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx, xxxxxx pro udržování xxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxx 6.1 a umožňující xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx x konečném xxxx, xxxx xx xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xxxxxx přemístit xx xxxxxx xxxxx.
5.6 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx 1 xxxxxxx.
6. Postup
6.1 Stanovení xxxxx Fehlingova xxxxxxx
6.1.1 Xx čisté x xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx 50 xx xxxxxxx X (4.1.2), xxxx 50 xx xxxxxxx A (4.1.1) x dobře xx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.2 Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxx 0,25 % (0,25 x/100 xx) standardním xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx cukru (4.3).
6.1.3 Xx 500 xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx 20 xx směsného roztoku X a B (6.1.1) x xxxxxxx xx 15 xx xxxx. X xxxxxx xx xx baňky xxxxxx 39 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx a xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.4 Xxxxx baňky se xxxxxxx x varu x xxxxx se xxxxx xxxxxx xxx xxxxxx. Xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx se baňka xxxxx sejmout xx xxxxxx xxxxx a xxxxx dojít x xxxxxxxxx xxxx.
Xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx varu xx xxxxxxx tři nebo xxxxx kapky roztoku xxxxxxxxxxx modři (4.4). Xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxx modrá.
6.1.5 Xxxxxxxxx se v xxxxxxxxx standardního xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xx 0,2 xx, xxx xx 0,1 ml x xxxxxxx po xxxxxxx, až xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx bodu. Xxx je xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx methylenové xxxxx. Xxxxx roztoku je xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx oxidu xxxxxxx.
6.1.6 Xxxxxxxxx xxxx titrace xx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xx xxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx roztoku. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx V0 se xxxx xxxxxxxxx v xxxxxxx 39,0 xx 41,0 xx. Xx-xx xxxxxxx X0 xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx rozmezí, xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx ve Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx A (4.1.1) x xxxxxxxxx titru xx opakuje.
6.2 Příprava xxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku se xx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 250 až 400 xx invertního xxxxx xx 100 xx.
6.3 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
6.3.1 Xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx ke xxxxxxxx potřebného xxxxxxxx xxxx x 20 xx směsného xxxxxxx X x X, xxxxx xxxxxxx, že xxxxxxx objem xx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx 75 ml.
Postupuje xx xxxxxx podle návodu x bodě 6.1.4, xxxxx místo standardního xxxxxxx invertního cukru xx použije roztok xxxxxx, xx. xx xxxxx xx byretou xxxxxx 25 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxx xx 15 ml xxxx, nechá xx 2 minuty xxxxxxx x roztok xx xxx xxxxxxx až xx dosažení konečného xxxx, xxx je xxxxxxx v xxxx 6.1.5.
6.3.2 Pokud xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx methylenové xxxxx xxxxxxxxx načervenalé xxxxxxxx, je použitý xxxxxx xxxxxx příliš xxxxxxxxxxxxx. X tomto xxxxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx stanovení x nižší xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx.
Xx-xx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx více než 50 ml roztoku xxxxxx, xxxx se xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxx koncentrací.
Množství xxxx, které se xx xxxxxx, xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx Fehlingova xxxxxxx (20 ml) x xxxxxx roztoku vzorku xx 75 xx.
6.4 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx
6.4.1 Xx xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx 20 xx xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx roztoku x xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx 6.3.
6.4.2 X xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxx stanoveném xxxxx xxxx 6.3, xxxxxxxx x 1 xx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxxx varných kamínků, xxxxx baňky se xxxxxxxxx pohybem promíchá, xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxx předchozího xxxxx (6.3). Konečného xxxx xxxxxxx musí být xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx modři. Xxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx V1.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Vzorec x xxxxxx výpočtu
Obsah xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx ve xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx jako xxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxx podle vzorce:
kde:
C = xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku (x/100 xx),
X0 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (xx) xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
X1 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (ml) při xxxxxx analýze (6.4.2),
f = xxxxxxxx faktor xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx v roztoku xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx; xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx x xxxx xxxxxxx tabulce:
|
Sacharosa (x xx směsi xxxxxxx do xxxx) |
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x |
|
0,0 |
1,000 |
|
0,5 |
0,982 |
|
1,0 |
0,971 |
|
1,5 |
0,962 |
|
2,0 |
0,954 |
|
2,5 |
0,946 |
|
3,0 |
0,939 |
|
3,5 |
0,932 |
|
4,0 |
0,926 |
|
4,5 |
0,920 |
|
5,0 |
0,915 |
|
5,5 |
0,910 |
|
6,0 |
0,904 |
|
6,5 |
0,898 |
|
7,0 |
0,893 |
|
7,5 |
0,888 |
|
8,0 |
0,883 |
|
8,5 |
0,878 |
|
9,0 |
0,874 |
|
9,5 |
0,869 |
|
10,0 |
0,864 |
Xxxxxxx pro xxxx xxxxxxxx sacharosy x roztoku xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx mohou xxxxxxxxx z xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx x invertního xxxxx (xxx tento xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx hodnota x rovná 1,0) xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx vyjádřených xxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxx 3 xxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx zároveň xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x téhož xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx než 1,0 % xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
8. Xxxxxxxx
Xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx ve °X xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx se xxxx xxxxxxx udaná x xxxxxxxxxx °S xxxx faktorem 2,889 (xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx 200 mm; xxxxxxxx výbojka xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx; xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx, xx xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx teplotu xxxxxxx 20 °X).
XXXXXX 8
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx x Xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx)
1. Předmět x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxx metoda xxxxxx ke xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx ekvivalentu
- xx xxxxxxxxx sirupu,
- x xxxxxxx škrobovém sirupu,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
2.1 "Xxxxxxxx síla": xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx metodou, xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (X-xxxxxxx) x xxxxxxxxx x procentech xxxxxxxxx vzorku.
2.2 "Dextrosový xxxxxxxxxx": xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx x procentech xxxxxxxxx sušiny xxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx se za xxxxxx xxxxxxxx podmínek xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx Fehlingova xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx činidla
4.1 Fehlingův xxxxxx:
4.1.1 Roztok A:
Ve xxxx xx xxxxxxxx 69,3 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX4·5X2X) x v xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 1000 xx xx xxxxxx po xxxxx.
4.1.2 Xxxxxx X:
Xx vodě xx rozpustí 346,0 x xxxxxx sodno-draselného xxxxxxxxxxxx (KNaC4H4O6·4H2O) a 100 g hydroxidu xxxxxxx a x xxxxxxx baňce x xxxxxx 1000 xx xxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxx. Čirý xxxxxx xx dekantací xxxxxx xx usazeniny, která xx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxx dva roztoky (4.1.1 x 4.1.2) xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx lahvích.
4.1.3 Xxxxxxxx směsného Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx 50 xx xxxxxxx B (4.1.2) x xxxx 50 xx xxxxxxx X (4.1.1) a xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx uchovávat, nýbrž xx musí každý xxx připravovat čerstvý x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (6.1).
4.2 Xxxxxxx dextrosa (D-glukosa) (X6X12X6)
Xxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxx použitím 4 xxxxxx xxxxx xx vakuové sušárně xxx xxxxxxx 100 ± 1 °X xxxx nižší a xxx tlaku asi 10 kPa (103 xxxx).
4.3 Standardní roztok xxxxxxxx, 0,600 x/100 xx
X přesností xx 0,1 xx se xxxxxx 0,6 x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.2), xxxxxxxx se xx xxxx, kvantitativně xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 100 xx (5.4), doplní xxxxx xx rysku x xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx připravit xxxxxxx xx každý xxx, kdy xxxx xxxxxxxx.
4.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, 0,1 x/100 xx xxxx
Xxxxxxxx xx 0,1 x methylenové xxxxx xx 100 xx xxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x pomůcky
5.1 Xxxxx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx x objemu 250 xx.
5.2 Byreta x xxxxxx 50 xx, x postranním xxxxxxxx x dělená xx 0,05 xx.
5.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 25 ml x 50 xx.
5.4 Xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 100 x 500 xx.
5.5 Xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx, xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx popsanými v xxxx 6.1 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx x konečném xxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx varnou xxxxx (5.1) xx xxxxxx xxxxx (viz xxx 6.1 poznámka 3).
5.6 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx 1 xxxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxxxxxxxxxx Fehlingova roztoku
6.1.1 Xx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xx xxxxxxxxxx 25 xx Fehlingova roztoku (4.1.3).
6.1.2 Xxxxxx (5.2) xx xxxxxx standardním xxxxxxxx dextrosy (4.3) x xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx.
6.1.3 Xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx 18 xx standardního xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.3) x xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx promíchá.
6.1.4 Xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx na zařízení x xxxxxx (5.5), xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx, xxx var nastal xx 120 ± 15 xxxxxx.
X xxxxx xxxxxxx titrace nesmí xxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (xxx xxxxxxxx 1).
6.1.5 Xxxxxxx xx roztok xxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx xxxx.
6.1.6 Xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx 120 xxxxxx (podle xxxxxx).
Xx xxxxx xx xxxxx 1 xx roztoku xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (4.4).
6.1.7 Xx 120 xxxxxxxxx (xxxxx stopek) xx xxxxxxx varu se xxxxx x xxxxxx (6.1.2) xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx roztok xxxxxxxx xx 0,5ml dávkách, xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx (viz xxxxxxxx 2 x 3).
Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (X xx) xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx 0,5xx xxxxx.
6.1.8 Xxxxx x bodech 6.1.1 x 6.1.2 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.9 Z byrety xx xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) napustí (X 0,3) ml xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.10 Xxxxx x xxxxxx 6.1.4, 6.1.5 x 6.1.6 se xxxxxxxx.
6.1.11 Xx 120 xxxxxxxxx (xxxxx xxxxxx) xx xxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx dextrosy, xxxxxxxx xx 0,2xx dávkách x nakonec xx xxxxxxx, dokud se xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
Xx konci xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx být xxxx mezi xxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx 10 až 15 xxxxxx.
Xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx být xxxxxxxxx xxxxx 60 sekund x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx nesmí xxxxxxxxx 180 xxxxxx.
X xxxxxx xxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx provést xxxxx titraci s xxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx počáteční xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku dextrosy (6.1.9).
6.1.12 Zaznamená xx xxxxxxx spotřeba (X0 xx) standardního roztoku xxx závěrečné xxxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxxx 4).
6.1.13 Xxxxxxx V0 xxxx xxx v xxxxxxx 19,0 až 21,0 xx standardního roztoku xxxxxxxx (4.3).
Xxxxx xx xxxxxxx X0 xxxxxxx xxxx toto xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx roztoku X (4.1.1) x xxxxxxxxxxxxxx proces se xxxxxxxx.
6.1.14 Vzhledem k xxxx, že xxxxxxx X0 xx xxxxxx xxxxx, je třeba xxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx x počátečním xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx dextrosy X0 – 0,5.
Xxxxxxxx 1:
Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx, xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx, xxxxxxxx páry xx rychlé x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx celé xxxxxxxx procedury x x xx největší xxxx se zabrání xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx do xxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxx opětovné oxidaci xxxxxx xxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx 2:
Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx modři xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx x horních vrstvách xxxxxx titrační xxxxx x x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xx. x xxxxxxx, xxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx oxid xxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxx xx snadněji xxxxxxxxxxxxx za xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx. Xx výhodné xxxxxx stínítko xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx 3:
Xxxxxx xx xxxx xxx xxxxx stanovení co xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx před xxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx 4:
Xxxxxxxx x tomu, xx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx provádět xxxx vlastní xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x při xxxxxxx musí xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx X0 (7.1).
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku
6.2.1 Xxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx (2.1) připraveného xxxxxx, xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxx se xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, x mohla xxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (6.3).
Tato xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx:
6.2.2 Xxxxxxxx xx X % (m/V) xxxxxx vzorku, "X" xx xxxxxxxxxx hodnotu.
6.2.3 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.2 x xxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxx (6.2.2) xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx dextrosy.
6.2.4 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.1.
6.2.5 Xxxxxxxxx se jako x xxxx 6.1.3 x xxxxxxxx 10 xx xxxxxxx vzorku xxxxxxx 18,0 ml xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.2.6 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.4.
6.2.7 Xxxxx baňky xx xxxxxxx k xxxx. Xxxxx xx 1 xx xxxxxxx methylenové xxxxx (4.4).
6.2.8 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx, xxxxxx xx stopky (5.6) xx nuly a xxxxx přidávání xxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxx xx baňky xx 1,0 xx dávkách x xxxxxxxx xxx 10 xxxxxx, x xx xx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxxxxxx xx celková xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx (X xx) xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx 0,5 ml xxxxx.
6.2.9 Xxxxxxx "X" xxxxx přesáhnout 50 xx. Xxxxx x xxxx dojde, je xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
6.2.10 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx dána xxxxxxx (x %):
6.3 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
X přesností xx 0,1 xx xx xxxxxx takové xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku (mg), xxxxx xxxxxxxx 2,85 xx 3,15 x xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (Xxxxxxxx). Xxx výpočtu xx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx (2.1), xxxx přibližná xxxxxxx xxxxxxx v xxxx 6.2.10.
6.4 Xxxxxxxx roztok
Zkušební xxxxxx xx x xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 500 xx xxxxxxxx xx xxxx x vodou xxxxxx xx rysku.
6.5 Xxxxxxxxx
6.5.1 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.1.
6.5.2 Xxxxxx (5.2) xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (6.4) a xxxxxxxx xx nastaví na xxxx.
6.5.3 Z xxxxxx xx xx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx 18,5 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Vířením xx xxxxx xxxxx zamíchá.
6.5.4 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.4.
6.5.5 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x bodě 6.1.5.
6.5.6 Xxxxxxxxx se xxxx x xxxx 6.1.6.
6.5.7 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x bodě 6.1.7, x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx namísto standardního xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.5.8 Postupuje xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.8.
6.5.9 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.9, x xxxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.5.10 Postupuje xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.10.
6.5.11 Postupuje xx xxxx x bodě 6.1.11, x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx.
6.5.12 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxx (X1) spotřebovaného xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.5.13 Xxxxxxx V1 xxxx xxx v xxxxxxx 19,0 xx 21,0 xx zkušebního xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx se xxxxxxx X1 xxxxxxx mimo xxxx xxxxxxx, upraví xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x kroky 6.5.1 až 6.5.12 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.5.14 Xxxxxxxx xx xxx stanovení x xxxxxxxx téhož xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.6 Xxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx metody 2 xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx výsledků
7.1 Xxxxxx x postup výpočtu
7.1.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxx
Xxxxxxxx síla xxxxxxxxx v xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx dána xxxxxxx:
xxx
X0 = xxxxx (xx) xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx dextrosy (4.3) xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx titraci (6.1),
V1 = xxxxx (ml) xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.4) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx při titraci x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx (6.5),
X = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (g) (6.3) použitého x xxxxxxxx 500 ml xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
7.1.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxx ekvivalent vypočtený x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx xxx výrazem:
kde
RP = xxxxxxxx síla xxxxxxxxx x procentech xxxxxxxxxxxx připraveného vzorku (7.1.1),
X = obsah xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx.
7.1.3 Xxxxxxxxx je xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx dvou xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx, xx je splněn xxxxxxxxx kladený xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (7.2).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx výsledky xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx zároveň xxxx rychle xx xxxxx x téhož xxxxxx xxxxxx pracovníkem xx totožných podmínek xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 1,0 % xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx průměru.
METODA 9
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx ke xxxxxxxxx obsahu xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx
- xx škrobovém xxxxxx,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- v xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx": obsah xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx metodou.
3. Podstata xxxxxx
Xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx při 525 °X xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx stanovena xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx a xx xxxxxxxxx v xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxxx xxxxxx: xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx 100 xx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx (xxxxxxx při 20 °X = 1,84 x/xx; 96 % m/m) xx 300 xx vody xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Elektrická xxxxxxx pec, vybavená xxxxxxxxxx a xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx 525 ± 25 °X.
5.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
5.3 Xxxxxxx xxx stanovení xxxxxx, platinový či xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
5.4 Xxxxxxxxx obsahující xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx nebo xxxxxxxxxxxx vysoušedlo x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx vlhkosti.
6. Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx (5.3) xx xxxxxx xx zpopelňovací xxxxxxx, xxxxxxx xx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxx xx. Xx kelímku xx xxxxxx (xx 0,1 xx) xxxxxx 5 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx škrobového xxxxxx, případně 10 x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx dextrosy xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx 5 xx xxxxxxx kyseliny xxxxxx (4.1) (xxx poznámka 8.1) x xxxxxx xx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxx nebo xx xxxxx plotýnce xxx xxxxxx, xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxxx 8.2), xx xxxx provádět x xxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx (5.3) xx xxxxxx do xxxxxxx xxxx (5.1), xxxxxxxxxx xx 525 ± 25 °X, x xxxxxxx xx v xx, dokud xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx. Xx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxxx 8.3).
Xxxxxx se xxxxx xxx 30 xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx (5.4) a poté xx zváží.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx výpočtu
Obsah xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx vyjádřený x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx k xxxxxxx xx dán vzorcem:
kde
m1 = hmotnost popela (x),
x0 = hmotnost xxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxx (x).
7.2 Opakovatelnost
Rozdíl xxxx xxxxxxxx dvou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx zároveň xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx podmínek nesmí xxx větší xxx 2,0 % jejich xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
8. Poznámky
8.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxx se xxxxxxxxx přílišnému xxxxxx.
8.2 Xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx třeba postupovat xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, aby xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxxxx přílišnému xxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
8.3 Xxxxx je xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (tj. xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx), xxxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx několika xxxxxxx xxxx a xxxx xxxxxx do xxxx.
XXXXXX 10
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
1. Předmět x oblast xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx stanovení xxxxxxxxxx
- x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx,
- v cukru xxxx v xxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxx xxxxx bílém.
2. Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxx xx rozumí schopnost xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx obsahujícího 26 x xxxxx xx 100 xx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxx x trubici o xxxxx 200 xx, xxxxxx rovinu xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx metody
Polarizace xx xxxxxxx pomocí xxxxxxxxxxxx nebo polarimetru xx podmínek xxxxxxxxx x xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxx činidlo: xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
Xx xxx 1000 ml xxxxxxx převařené xxxx xx přidá 560 x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx olovnatého. Směs xx 30 minut xxxx x xxxx xx nechá stát xxxx xxx.
Xxxxxx supernatant xx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxxx převařenou xxxxx tak, xxx xxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxx 1,25 g/ml (xxx 20 °C).
Tento xxxxxx xx třeba xxxxxxx před přístupem xxxxxxx.
4.2 Diethylether
5. Přístroje x pomůcky
5.1 Xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx 26 g xxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx být xxxxxxx v místnosti, xx xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx teplotu xxxxx 20 °C. Xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
5.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx ze sodíkové xxxxxxx.
5.3 Přesné polarimetrické xxxxxxx o xxxxx 200 xx x xxxxxxxxx ± 0,02 xx.
5.4 Analytické váhy, xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
5.5 Xxxxxxxxxx kalibrované odměrné xxxxx x xxxxxx 100 ml xx xxxxxxx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx v xxxxxxx 100,00 ± 0,01 xx xxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx. Baňky s xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx být xxxxxxx xxxxx s xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx 100 ml.
5.6 Vodní xxxxx xxxxxx termostatem, xxxxxxxxx xx 20 ± 0,1 °X.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xx xxxxxxxxxxx se xxxxxx 26 ± 0,002 x vzorku a xxxxxxxxxxxxx se převede xx xxxxxxx xxxxx x objemu 100 xx (5.5) xxxxxxxxxx xxx 60 xx xxxx.
Xxxxxx se xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, nikoli xxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, přidá xx 0,5 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxx olovnatého (4.1).
Xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx pohybem baňky x xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxx, dokud xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxx 10 xx xxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxx xx xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.6) xxxxxxxxxx xxx 20 ± 0,1 °X x xxxxxxx xx xxx xxx xxxxxx, xxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx vytvořené xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx kapkou xxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.2).
Xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx po xxxxx.
Xxxxx xx zazátkuje x xxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx trojnásobným xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx nechá xxx xxxxx stát.
6.2 Stanovení xxxxxxxxxx
Xx xxxx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx udržuje xxxxxxx 20 ± 0,1 °X.
6.2.1 Xxxxxxxxxx se xxxxxxx xx xxxx.
6.2.2 Xxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx filtrační xxxxx. Xxxxxxx 10 ml xxxxxxxx se xxxxxxxxx. Xxxx se xx xxxxxxx 50 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.2.3 Polarimetrická trubice xx xxxxxxx dvojnásobným xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx (6.2.2).
6.2.4 Trubice xx xxx teplotě 20 ± 0,1 °C xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx.
Xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxxx do xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
6.2.5 Xxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxx x přesností xx 0,05°S xxxx 0,02 xxxxxxxx xxxxxx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx. Vypočte xx xxxxxx x xxxxxx pěti xxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxx vyjádřeny xx xxxxxxxx X s xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1°X. Xxx převod úhlových xxxxxx na xxxxxx X se xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx:
X = xxxxxx xxxxxx × 2,889
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx sebou x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx za xxxxxxxxx podmínek xxxxx xxx větší xxx 0,1°X, xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx z xxxx xxxxxx.