Xxxxx směrnice Xxxxxx
xx xxx 26. xxxxxxxx 1979,
xxxxxx xx stanoví xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx Společenství xxx zkoušení xxxxxxxxx xxxxx určených k xxxxxx spotřebě
(79/796/EHS)
KOMISE XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX,
x xxxxxxx xx Xxxxxxx o založení Xxxxxxxxxx hospodářského xxxxxxxxxxxx,
x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx Xxxx 73/437/XXX ze xxx 11. xxxxxxxx 1973 x sbližování xxxxxxxx předpisů členských xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxxx [1], x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx 11 xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx,
xxxxxxxx x xxxx, xx xxxxxx 11 uvedené směrnice xxxxxxx, xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx cukrů se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxxx;
xxxxxxxx k tomu, xx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx, jejichž xxxxxxx xxx bylo ukončeno;
vzhledem x xxxx, xx x xxxxxxx směrnice 73/437/XXX xx stanovena xxxxxx xxx stanovení xxxxx x cukru xxxx xxxxxx cukru x cukru xxxxx xxxxxx, metoda xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxx extra bílého, xxxxxxxx cukru, tekutého xxxxxxxxxx cukru a xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx barvy v xxxxxxx cukru xxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxx;
xxxxxxxx k tomu, xx by na xxxxx straně xxxx xxxxxx až xx xxxxxxxxxxx dalších xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxxx pro xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxx podle Xxxxx x Xxxxxx (xxxxxx 7 a 8 x xxxxxxx II x. XXX.3 a XXX.4) místo metody xxxxx Xxxxx a Xxxxxxxx (metoda 6 x xxxxxxx XX x. XXX.3 x XXX.4);
xxxxxxxx x xxxx, xx xxxxxxxxxx metody xxxxxxxx x této xxxxxxxx jsou v xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxx výboru xxx xxxxxxxxx,
XXXXXXX TUTO SMĚRNICI:
Xxxxxx 1
1. Xxxxxxx xxxxx stanoví, že xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx uvedených x příloze I xxxx být xxxxxxxxx xxxxx metod popsaných x xxxxxxx XX xxxx xxxxxxxx.
2. Xxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, použije se xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx x Xxxxxxxx (xxxxxxx XX, xxxxxx 6) xx xxxxxxxxx redukujících xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
- v xxxxxxx cukru,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v tekutém xxxxx xxxxxxxxx cukru,
- x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx sirupu,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x dextrose xxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx mohou xx xxxx území xxxxxxxx xx stanovení xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx nebo xxxx xxxxxxx cukrů uvedených x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx x Xxxxxx (příloha XX, xxxxxx 7 xxxx 8).
3. Pokud xxxxxxx stát xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxx. 2 xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxx x xxx uvědomí Xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxxx 2
Členské xxxxx xxxxxx x účinnost xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxxxx do 18 měsíců xx xxxxxxxx této směrnice. Xxxxxxxxxx o xxxx xxxxxxx Komisi.
Článek 3
Tato xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx členským xxxxxx.
X Xxxxxxx xxx 26. xxxxxxxx 1979.
Xx Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx Davignon
člen Komise
[1] Úř. xxxx. X 356, 27.12.1973, x. 71.
XXXXXXX X
XXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX METOD XXXXXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXX X XXXXXX XXXXXXXX
XXXXXXX II
ANALYTICKÉ METODY X OVĚŘENÍ SLOŽENÍ XXXXXXXXX CUKRŮ URČENÝCH X XXXXXX XXXXXXXX
XXXX
1. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx doručený xx xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxx xxxxxxx se xx xxxxxx oddělí xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 200 x a xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx, xxxxx, vodotěsné xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx uzávěrem.
2. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, přístroje x xxxxxxx
Xxx popisu xxxxxxxxx a xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx v případě xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx, xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx zvláštním požadavkům.
Pokud xx xxxxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx nebo xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx s xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, pokud xxxx xxxxxxxxx jinak.
Pokud xx xxxxxxxxxx xx roztok xxxxxxx bez xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxx se x xxxxx roztok.
3. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
X xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx ze xxxx xxxxxxxxx x uspokojivou xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xxxx uvedeno xxxxx, xxxx výsledky xxxxxxxxx v procentech xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx, xxx xxx xx laboratoře xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x takto vyjádřeném xxxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx metody.
METODA 1
STANOVENÍ XXXXXX HMOTNOSTI XXXXXXX
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx slouží xx xxxxxxxxx ztráty xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
- x cukru xxxxxxxxx,
- x cukru xxxx x xxxxx xxxxx,
- x cukru xxxxx bílém.
2. Definice
"Ztráta xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx": hodnota xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx sušením xxxxxxxxx popsanou xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X.
4. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx 0,1 xx.
4.2 Sušárna x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxxx termostatem, xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X.
4.3 Xxxxxx váženka s xxxxxxx dnem, xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx vzorku x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 100 mm x x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 30 mm.
4.4 Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx aktivovaným xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx v xxxxxx 5.3 xx 5.7 xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx okamžitě xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx.
5.1 Miska (4.3) xx xxxxxx do xxxxxxxxxx hmotnosti x xxxxxxx (4.2) při xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °C.
5.2 Xxxxx xx nechá x xxxxxxxxxx (4.4) vychladnout xxxxxxx po dobu 30 xx 35 xxxxx x xxxx xx xxxxx s xxxxxxxxx na 0,1 xx.
5.3 Xx xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx 20 xx 30 x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
5.4 Miska xx xxxxx do xxxxxxx (4.2) x teplotě 103 ± 2 °X, xxx se xxxxxxx 3 xxxxxx.
5.5 Xxxxx xx nechá xxxxxxxxxxx x exsikátoru (4.4) a xxxxx xx s přesností xx 0,1 mg.
5.6 Xxxxx xx znovu xxxxx xx 30 xxxxx xx sušárny x xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X.
Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx (4.4) x xxxxx xx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx větší xxx 1 xx, postup xx xxxxxxx. Xxxxx-xx xx xxxxxxx hmotnosti, xxxxxxx xx x xxxxxxx nejnižší xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
5.7 Celkový xxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx než xxxxx xxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxxx a xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx hmotnosti sušením x procentech xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx je xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx:
xxx:
x0 je xxxxxxxxx hmotnost xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x),
x1 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx xxxxxxxx (x).
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx výsledky xxxx stanovení provedených xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx za xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx nesmí xxx xxxxx xxx 0,02 x xx 100 x vzorku.
METODA 2
STANOVENÍ XXXXXX
Xxxxxx xxxxxx ve xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx ke xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx
- xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x dextrose xxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxx xxxxxx": xxxxx xxxxxx stanovený xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx metody
Sušina xx stanoví xxx xxxxxxx 70 ± 1 °X xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx při xxxxx xxxxxxx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx). Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxx x x xxxxxxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx činidla
4.1 Xxxxxxxxx: xxxxxxxx xx x Xüxxxxxxxx nálevce xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx zředěnou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (1 xx xxxxxxxxxxxxx kyseliny x xxxxxxx 1,19 g/ml xx litr xxxx xxx 20 °C), xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx kyselou xxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxx dlouho, xxxxx hodnota pH xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx nad 4; pak xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxx 103 ± 2 °C x uloží xx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx a xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx, xxxxxx termostatem, xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx x vakuovým xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxxx tak, xxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx tepla do xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx.
5.2 Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx skládající xx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx nebo xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, x xxxxxxxxxxx obsahu xxxxxxxx. Xxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx kyselinu xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx propojena x pračkou xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx na xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx udržovat x xxxxxxx xxxx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx) nebo xxxxx.
5.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxx s xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxxx působení xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 100 xx x x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 300 mm.
5.5 Skleněná xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxx, aby nemohla xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx.
5.6 Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx silikagelem xxxx x rovnocenným xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
5.7 Analytické xxxx xxxxxx s xxxxxxxxx na 0,1 xx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xx xxxxxxx (5.4) se xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (5.5) xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx 30 x xxxxxxxxx (4.1), xxx xxxxx xx xx xxxxxxx (5.1) s xxxxxxxx 70 ± 1 °X x xxxx xx sníží xxxxxxx xx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx).
Xxxx xx xxx dobu xxxxxxx 5 xxxxx, přičemž xx xxxx aparaturu xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx sušárny zavádí xxxxxx xxxxx vzduchu. Xxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx.
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxx dosažení atmosférického xxxxx v xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx opatrným xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Miska x xx skleněnou xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx (5.6), xxx xx nechá xxxxxxxxxxx, a xxx xx xxxxx.
6.3 Xx xxxxxxx x obsahu 100 xx xx x xxxxxxxxx xx 1 xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx 10 x xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
6.4 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx se xxxxx 10 xx xxxxx xxxx a xxxxxx xx pomocí xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (5.5) xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx.
6.5 Xxxxx se xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx x xxxx se sníží xxxxxxx xx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx). Xxxx xx při 70 ± 1 °X, xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx suchého xxxxxxx.
Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx dobu 20 xxxxx; x největšímu xxxxxx xxxxxxxx má xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxx. Je xxxxxxxx udržovat xxxxxx x xxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxx tlaku a xxxxxx xxxxxx proudit xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxx, aby xx xxxxx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx hodnotě 3,3 xXx (34 mbar) xxxx xxxxx.
6.6 Atmosférického xxxxx x sušárně xx xxxx dosáhne xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Váženka x s xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx přemístí xx xxxxxxxxxx, xxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, x xxxx xx xxxxx s přesností xx 1 xx.
6.7 Xxxxxxx (6.5) se xxxxxxx xx xxxxx 4 xxxxxx. X xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx tlak x xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx xx exsikátoru. Xxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx, xxx již xxxx dosaženo xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx. Za konstantní xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxx 2 xx. X xxxxxxx případě se xxxxxxx operace 6.7.
6.8 Xxx stanovení xxxxxx xx vzorcích xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx dextrosy xxxx xxxxxxx křemeliny x xxxx xxxxxxxxx.
7. Vyjádření xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx a xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx se xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx:
xxx:
x0 = xx xxxxxxxxx hmotnost zkušebního xxxxxx (x),
x1 = xx xxxxxxxx váženky x křemelinou, skleněnou xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx xxxxxx (x),
x2 = xx hmotnost xxxxxxx x křemelinou x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (g).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx provedených xxxxxxx nebo rychle xx xxxxx z xxxxx vzorku xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx za xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx nesmí xxx xxxxx xxx 0,12 x xx 100 x vzorku.
METODA 3
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXX
(Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx metoda)
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx
- x tekutém xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx invertním xxxxx,
- x tekutém xxxxx xxxxxxxxx cukru,
- x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x sirupu x xxxxxx invertního xxxxx.
2. Definice
"Obsah xxxxxx": xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx metodou.
3. Podstata xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx 20 °X x xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxxxx x pomůcky
4.1 Xxxxxxxxxxxx x přesností xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxxxx teploměrem x xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx s xxxxx xxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx 20 ± 0,5 °C.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx sodíkové xxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx v xxxxxx 1:1 (m/m).
5.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.1) xx xxxxx index xxxx xxxxxx xxx 20 °X.
6. Xxxxxxxxx výsledků x xxxxxx výpočet
6.1 Xxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx při 20 °X podle xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxx xxxxxxx na xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx cukru v xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx x xxxxxxxx z xxxxxxx xxxxxx na xxxxx 1 % xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx 0,022.
6.2 Pokud byl xxxxxx zředěn vodou x xxxxxx 1:1 (x/x), xxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
6.3 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx zároveň xxxx rychle xx xxxxx z xxxxx xxxxxx tímtéž xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx podmínek xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 0,2 g xxxxxx xx 100 x vzorku.
REFERENČNÍ TABULKY
Indexy xxxx (x) xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx 20 °X [1]
|
x (20 °X) |
Xxxxxxxxx (%) |
|
1,3330 |
0,009 |
|
1,3331 |
0,078 |
|
1,3332 |
0,149 |
|
1,3333 |
0,218 |
|
1,3334 |
0,288 |
|
1,3335 |
0,358 |
|
1,3336 |
0,428 |
|
1,3337 |
0,498 |
|
1,3338 |
0,567 |
|
1,3339 |
0,637 |
|
1,3340 |
0,707 |
|
1,3341 |
0,776 |
|
1,3342 |
0,846 |
|
1,3343 |
0,915 |
|
1,3344 |
0,985 |
|
1,3345 |
1,054 |
|
1,3346 |
1,124 |
|
1,3347 |
1,193 |
|
1,3348 |
1,263 |
|
1,3349 |
1,332 |
|
1,3350 |
1,401 |
|
1,3351 |
1,470 |
|
1,3352 |
1,540 |
|
1,3353 |
1,609 |
|
1,3354 |
1,678 |
|
1,3355 |
1,747 |
|
1,3356 |
1,816 |
|
1,3357 |
1,885 |
|
1,3358 |
1,954 |
|
1,3359 |
2,023 |
|
1,3360 |
2,092 |
|
1,3361 |
2,161 |
|
1,3362 |
2,230 |
|
1,3363 |
2,299 |
|
1,3364 |
2,367 |
|
1,3365 |
2,436 |
|
1,3366 |
2,505 |
|
1,3367 |
2,574 |
|
1,3368 |
2,642 |
|
1,3369 |
2,711 |
|
1,3370 |
2,779 |
|
1,3371 |
2,848 |
|
1,3372 |
2,917 |
|
1,3373 |
2,985 |
|
1,3374 |
3,053 |
|
1,3375 |
3,122 |
|
1,3376 |
3,190 |
|
1,3377 |
3,259 |
|
1,3378 |
3,327 |
|
1,3379 |
3,395 |
|
1,3380 |
3,463 |
|
1,3381 |
3,532 |
|
1,3382 |
3,600 |
|
1,3383 |
3,668 |
|
1,3384 |
3,736 |
|
1,3385 |
3,804 |
|
1,3386 |
3,872 |
|
1,3387 |
3,940 |
|
1,3388 |
4,008 |
|
1,3389 |
4,076 |
|
1,3390 |
4,144 |
|
1,3391 |
4,212 |
|
1,3392 |
4,279 |
|
1,3393 |
4,347 |
|
1,3394 |
4,415 |
|
1,3395 |
4,483 |
|
1,3396 |
4,550 |
|
1,3397 |
4,618 |
|
1,3398 |
4,686 |
|
1,3399 |
4,753 |
|
1,3400 |
4,821 |
|
1,3401 |
4,888 |
|
1,3402 |
4,956 |
|
1,3403 |
5,023 |
|
1,3404 |
5,091 |
|
1,3405 |
5,158 |
|
1,3406 |
5,225 |
|
1,3407 |
5,293 |
|
1,3408 |
5,360 |
|
1,3409 |
5,427 |
|
1,3410 |
5,494 |
|
1,3411 |
5,562 |
|
1,3412 |
5,629 |
|
1,3413 |
5,696 |
|
1,3414 |
5,763 |
|
1,3415 |
5,830 |
|
1,3416 |
5,897 |
|
1,3417 |
5,964 |
|
1,3418 |
6,031 |
|
1,3419 |
6,098 |
|
1,3420 |
6,165 |
|
1,3421 |
6,231 |
|
1,3422 |
6,298 |
|
1,3423 |
6,365 |
|
1,3424 |
6,432 |
|
1,3425 |
6,498 |
|
1,3426 |
6,565 |
|
1,3427 |
6,632 |
|
1,3428 |
6,698 |
|
1,3429 |
6,765 |
|
1,3430 |
6,831 |
|
1,3431 |
6,898 |
|
1,3432 |
6,964 |
|
1,3433 |
7,031 |
|
1,3434 |
7,097 |
|
1,3435 |
7,164 |
|
1,3436 |
7,230 |
|
1,3437 |
7,296 |
|
1,3438 |
7,362 |
|
1,3439 |
7,429 |
|
1,3440 |
7,495 |
|
1,3441 |
7,561 |
|
1,3442 |
7,627 |
|
1,3443 |
7,693 |
|
1,3444 |
7,759 |
|
1,3445 |
7,825 |
|
1,3446 |
7,891 |
|
1,3447 |
7,957 |
|
1,3448 |
8,023 |
|
1,3449 |
8,089 |
|
1,3450 |
8,155 |
|
1,3451 |
8,221 |
|
1,3452 |
8,287 |
|
1,3453 |
8,352 |
|
1,3454 |
8,418 |
|
1,3455 |
8,484 |
|
1,3456 |
8,550 |
|
1,3457 |
8,615 |
|
1&xxxx;3458 |
8,681 |
|
1,3459 |
8,746 |
|
1,3460 |
8,812 |
|
1,3461 |
8,878 |
|
1,3462 |
8,943 |
|
1,3463 |
9,008 |
|
1,3464 |
9,074 |
|
1,3465 |
9,139 |
|
1,3466 |
9,205 |
|
1,3467 |
9,270 |
|
1,3468 |
9,335 |
|
1,3469 |
9,400 |
|
1,3470 |
9,466 |
|
1,3471 |
9,531 |
|
1,3472 |
9,596 |
|
1,3473 |
9,661 |
|
1,3474 |
9,726 |
|
1,3475 |
9,791 |
|
1,3476 |
9,856 |
|
1,3477 |
9,921 |
|
1,3478 |
9,986 |
|
1,3479 |
10,051 |
|
1,3480 |
10,116 |
|
1,3481 |
10,181 |
|
1,3482 |
10,246 |
|
1,3483 |
10,311 |
|
1,3484 |
10,375 |
|
1,3485 |
10,440 |
|
1,3486 |
10,505 |
|
1,3487 |
10,570 |
|
1,3488 |
10,634 |
|
1,3489 |
10,699 |
|
1,3490 |
10,763 |
|
1,3491 |
10,828 |
|
1,3492 |
10,892 |
|
1,3493 |
10,957 |
|
1,3494 |
11,021 |
|
1,3495 |
11,086 |
|
1,3496 |
11,150 |
|
1,3497 |
11,215 |
|
1,3498 |
11,279 |
|
1,3499 |
11,343 |
|
1,3500 |
11,407 |
|
1,3501 |
11,472 |
|
1,3502 |
11,536 |
|
1,3503 |
11,600 |
|
1,3504 |
11,664 |
|
1,3505 |
11,728 |
|
1,3506 |
11,792 |
|
1,3507 |
11,856 |
|
1,3508 |
11,920 |
|
1,3509 |
11,984 |
|
1,3510 |
12,048 |
|
1,3511 |
12,112 |
|
1,3512 |
12,176 |
|
1,3513 |
12,240 |
|
1,3514 |
12,304 |
|
1,3515 |
12,368 |
|
1,3516 |
12,431 |
|
1,3517 |
12,495 |
|
1,3518 |
12,559 |
|
1,3519 |
12,623 |
|
1,3520 |
12,686 |
|
1,3521 |
12,750 |
|
1,3522 |
12,813 |
|
1,3523 |
12,877 |
|
1,3524 |
12,940 |
|
1,3525 |
13,004 |
|
1,3526 |
13,067 |
|
1,3527 |
13,131 |
|
1,3528 |
13,194 |
|
1,3529 |
13,258 |
|
1,3530 |
13,321 |
|
1,3531 |
13,384 |
|
1,3532 |
13,448 |
|
1,3533 |
13,511 |
|
1,3534 |
13,574 |
|
1,3535 |
13,637 |
|
1,3536 |
13,700 |
|
1,3537 |
13,763 |
|
1,3538 |
13,826 |
|
1,3539 |
13,890 |
|
1,3540 |
13,953 |
|
1,3541 |
14,016 |
|
1,3542 |
14,079 |
|
1,3543 |
14,141 |
|
1,3544 |
14,204 |
|
1,3545 |
14,267 |
|
1,3546 |
14,330 |
|
1,3547 |
14,393 |
|
1,3548 |
14,456 |
|
1,3549 |
14,518 |
|
1,3550 |
14,581 |
|
1,3551 |
14,644 |
|
1,3552 |
14,707 |
|
1,3553 |
14,769 |
|
1,3554 |
14,832 |
|
1,3555 |
14,894 |
|
1,3556 |
14,957 |
|
1,3557 |
15,019 |
|
1,3558 |
15,082 |
|
1,3559 |
15,144 |
|
1,3560 |
15,207 |
|
1,3561 |
15,269 |
|
1,3562 |
15,332 |
|
1,3563 |
15,394 |
|
1,3564 |
15,456 |
|
1,3565 |
15,518 |
|
1,3566 |
15,581 |
|
1,3567 |
15,643 |
|
1,3568 |
15,705 |
|
1,3569 |
15,767 |
|
1,3570 |
15,829 |
|
1,3571 |
15,891 |
|
1,3572 |
15,953 |
|
1,3573 |
16,016 |
|
1,3574 |
16,078 |
|
1,3575 |
16,140 |
|
1,3576 |
16,201 |
|
1,3577 |
16,263 |
|
1,3578 |
16,325 |
|
1,3579 |
16,387 |
|
1,3580 |
16,449 |
|
1,3581 |
16,511 |
|
1,3582 |
16,573 |
|
1,3583 |
16,634 |
|
1,3584 |
16,696 |
|
1,3585 |
16,758 |
|
1,3586 |
16,819 |
|
1,3587 |
16,881 |
|
1,3588 |
16,943 |
|
1,3389 |
17,004 |
|
1,3590 |
17,066 |
|
1,3591 |
17,127 |
|
1,3592 |
17,189 |
|
1,3593 |
17,250 |
|
1,3594 |
17,311 |
|
1,3595 |
17,373 |
|
1,3596 |
17,434 |
|
1,3597 |
17,496 |
|
1,3598 |
17,557 |
|
1,3599 |
17,618 |
|
1,3600 |
17,679 |
|
1,3601 |
17,741 |
|
1,3602 |
17,802 |
|
1,3603 |
17,863 |
|
1,3604 |
17,924 |
|
1,3605 |
17,985 |
|
1,3606 |
18,046 |
|
1,3607 |
18,107 |
|
1,3608 |
18,168 |
|
1,3609 |
18,229 |
|
1,3610 |
18,290 |
|
1,3610 |
18,351 |
|
1,3611 |
18,412 |
|
1,3613 |
18,473 |
|
1,3614 |
18,534 |
|
1,3615 |
18,595 |
|
1,3616 |
18,655 |
|
1,3617 |
18,716 |
|
1,3618 |
18,777 |
|
1,3619 |
18,837 |
|
1,3620 |
18,898 |
|
1,3621 |
18,959 |
|
1,3622 |
19,019 |
|
1,3623 |
19,080 |
|
1,3624 |
19,141 |
|
1,3625 |
19,201 |
|
1,3626 |
19,262 |
|
1,3627 |
19,322 |
|
1,3628 |
19,382 |
|
1,3629 |
19,443 |
|
1,3630 |
19,503 |
|
1,3631 |
19,564 |
|
1,3632 |
19,624 |
|
1,3633 |
19,684 |
|
1,3634 |
19,745 |
|
1,3635 |
19,805 |
|
1,3636 |
19,865 |
|
1,3637 |
19,925 |
|
1,3638 |
19,985 |
|
1,3639 |
20,045 |
|
1,3640 |
20,106 |
|
1.3641 |
20,166 |
|
1,3642 |
20,226 |
|
1,3643 |
20,286 |
|
1,3644 |
20,346 |
|
1,3645 |
20,406 |
|
1,3646 |
20,466 |
|
1,3647 |
20,525 |
|
1,3648 |
20,585 |
|
1,3649 |
20,645 |
|
1,3650 |
20,705 |
|
1,3651 |
20,765 |
|
1,3652 |
20,825 |
|
1,3653 |
20,884 |
|
1,3654 |
20,944 |
|
1,3655 |
21,004 |
|
1,3656 |
21,063 |
|
1,3657 |
21,123 |
|
1,3658 |
21,183 |
|
1,3659 |
21,242 |
|
1,3660 |
21,302 |
|
1,3661 |
21,361 |
|
1,3662 |
21,421 |
|
1,3563 |
21,480 |
|
1,3664 |
21,540 |
|
1,3665 |
21,599 |
|
1,3666 |
21,658 |
|
1,3667 |
21,718 |
|
1,3668 |
21,777 |
|
1,3669 |
21,836 |
|
1,3670 |
21,896 |
|
1,3671 |
21,955 |
|
1,3672 |
22,014 |
|
1,1673 |
22,073 |
|
1,3674 |
22,132 |
|
1,3675 |
22,192 |
|
1,3676 |
22,251 |
|
1,1677 |
22,310 |
|
1,3678 |
22,369 |
|
1,3679 |
22,428 |
|
1,3680 |
22,487 |
|
1,3681 |
22,546 |
|
1,3682 |
22,605 |
|
1,3683 |
22,664 |
|
1,3684 |
22,723 |
|
1,3685 |
22,781 |
|
1,3686 |
22,840 |
|
1,3687 |
22,899 |
|
1,3688 |
22,958 |
|
1,3689 |
23,017 |
|
1,3690 |
23,075 |
|
1,3691 |
23,134 |
|
1,3692 |
23,193 |
|
1,3693 |
23,251 |
|
1,3694 |
23,310 |
|
1,3695 |
23,369 |
|
1,3696 |
23,427 |
|
1,3697 |
23,486 |
|
1,3698 |
23,544 |
|
1,3699 |
23,603 |
|
1,3700 |
23,661 |
|
1,3701 |
23,720 |
|
1,3702 |
23,778 |
|
1,3703 |
23,836 |
|
1,3704 |
23,895 |
|
1,3705 |
23,953 |
|
1,3706 |
24,011 |
|
1,3707 |
24,070 |
|
1,3708 |
24,128 |
|
1,3709 |
24,186 |
|
1,3710 |
24,244 |
|
1,3711 |
24,302 |
|
1,3712 |
24,361 |
|
1,3713 |
24,419 |
|
1,3714 |
24,477 |
|
1,3715 |
24,535 |
|
1,3716 |
24,593 |
|
1,3717 |
24,651 |
|
1,3718 |
24,709 |
|
1,3719 |
24,767 |
|
1,3720 |
24,825 |
|
1,3721 |
24,883 |
|
1,3722 |
24,941 |
|
1,3723 |
24,998 |
|
1,3724 |
25,056 |
|
1,3725 |
25,114 |
|
1,3726 |
25,172 |
|
1,3727 |
25,230 |
|
1,3728 |
25287 |
|
1,3729 |
25,345 |
|
1,3730 |
25,403 |
|
1,3731 |
25,460 |
|
1,3732 |
25,518 |
|
1,3733 |
25,576 |
|
1,3734 |
25,633 |
|
1,3735 |
25,691 |
|
1,3736 |
25,748 |
|
1,3737 |
25,806 |
|
1,3738 |
25,863 |
|
1,3739 |
25,921 |
|
1,3740 |
25,978 |
|
1,3741 |
26,035 |
|
1,3742 |
26,093 |
|
1,3743 |
26,150 |
|
1,3744 |
26,207 |
|
1,3745 |
26,265 |
|
1,3746 |
26,322 |
|
1,3747 |
26,379 |
|
1,3748 |
26,436 |
|
1,3749 |
26,493 |
|
1,3750 |
26,551 |
|
1,3751 |
26,608 |
|
1,3752 |
26,665 |
|
1,3753 |
26,722 |
|
1,3754 |
26,779 |
|
1,3755 |
26,836 |
|
1,3756 |
26,893 |
|
1,3757 |
26,950 |
|
1,3758 |
27,007 |
|
1,3759 |
27,064 |
|
1,3760 |
27,121 |
|
1,3761 |
27,178 |
|
1,3762 |
27,234 |
|
1,3763 |
27,291 |
|
1,3764 |
27,348 |
|
1,3765 |
27,405 |
|
1,3765 |
27,462 |
|
1,3767 |
27,518 |
|
1,3768 |
27,575 |
|
1,3769 |
27,632 |
|
1,3770 |
27,688 |
|
1,3771 |
27,745 |
|
1,3772 |
27,802 |
|
1,3773 |
27,858 |
|
1,3774 |
27,915 |
|
1,3775 |
27,971 |
|
1,3776 |
28,028 |
|
1,3777 |
28,084 |
|
1,3778 |
28,141 |
|
1,3779 |
28,197 |
|
1,3780 |
28,253 |
|
1,3781 |
28,310 |
|
1,3782 |
28,366 |
|
1,3783 |
28,422 |
|
1,3784 |
28,479 |
|
1,3785 |
28,535 |
|
1,3786 |
28,591 |
|
1,3787 |
28,648 |
|
1,3788 |
28,704 |
|
1,3789 |
28,760 |
|
1,3790 |
28,816 |
|
1,3791 |
28,872 |
|
1,3792 |
28,928 |
|
1,3793 |
28,984 |
|
1,3794 |
29,040 |
|
1,3795 |
29,096 |
|
1,3796 |
29,152 |
|
1,3797 |
29,208 |
|
1,3798 |
29,264 |
|
1,3799 |
29,320 |
|
1,3800 |
29,376 |
|
1,3801 |
29,432 |
|
1,3802 |
29,488 |
|
1,3803 |
29,544 |
|
1,3804 |
29,600 |
|
1,3805 |
29,655 |
|
1,3806 |
29,711 |
|
1,3807 |
29,767 |
|
1,3808 |
29,823 |
|
1,3809 |
29,878 |
|
1,3810 |
29,934 |
|
1,3811 |
29,989 |
|
1,3812 |
30,045 |
|
1,3813 |
30,101 |
|
1,3814 |
30,156 |
|
1,3815 |
30,212 |
|
1,3816 |
30,267 |
|
1,3817 |
30,323 |
|
1,3818 |
30,378 |
|
1,3819 |
30,434 |
|
1,3820 |
30,489 |
|
1,3821 |
30,544 |
|
1,3822 |
30,600 |
|
1,3823 |
30,655 |
|
1,3824 |
30,711 |
|
1,3825 |
30,766 |
|
1,3826 |
30,821 |
|
1,3827 |
30,876 |
|
1,3828 |
30,932 |
|
1,3829 |
30,987 |
|
1,3830 |
31,042 |
|
1,3831 |
31,097 |
|
1,3832 |
31,152 |
|
1,3833 |
31,207 |
|
1,3834 |
31,262 |
|
1,3835 |
31,317 |
|
1,3836 |
31,372 |
|
1,3837 |
31,428 |
|
1,3838 |
31,482 |
|
1,3839 |
31,537 |
|
1,3840 |
31,592 |
|
1,3841 |
31,647 |
|
1,3842 |
31,702 |
|
1,3843 |
31,757 |
|
1,3844 |
31,812 |
|
1,3845 |
31,867 |
|
1,3846 |
31,922 |
|
1,3847 |
31,976 |
|
1,3848 |
32,031 |
|
1,3849 |
32,086 |
|
1,3850 |
32,140 |
|
1,3851 |
32,195 |
|
1,3852 |
32,250 |
|
1,3853 |
32,304 |
|
1,3854 |
32,359 |
|
1,3855 |
32,414 |
|
1,3856 |
32,468 |
|
1,3857 |
32,523 |
|
1,3858 |
32,577 |
|
1,3859 |
32,632 |
|
1,3860 |
32,686 |
|
1,3861 |
32,741 |
|
1,3862 |
32,795 |
|
1,3863 |
32,849 |
|
1,3864 |
32,904 |
|
1,3865 |
32,958 |
|
1,3866 |
33,013 |
|
1,3867 |
33,067 |
|
1,3868 |
33,121 |
|
1,3889 |
33,175 |
|
1,3870 |
33,230 |
|
1,3871 |
33,284 |
|
1,3872 |
33,338 |
|
1,3873 |
33,392 |
|
1,3874 |
33,446 |
|
1,3875 |
33,500 |
|
1,3876 |
33,555 |
|
1,3877 |
33,609 |
|
1,3878 |
33,663 |
|
1,3879 |
33,717 |
|
1,3880 |
33,771 |
|
1,3881 |
33,825 |
|
1,3882 |
33,879 |
|
1,3883 |
33,933 |
|
1,3884 |
33,987 |
|
1,3885 |
34,040 |
|
1,3886 |
34,094 |
|
1,3887 |
34,148 |
|
1,3888 |
34,202 |
|
1,3889 |
34,256 |
|
1,3890 |
34,310 |
|
1,3891 |
34,363 |
|
1,3892 |
34,417 |
|
1,3893 |
34,471 |
|
1,3894 |
34,524 |
|
1,3895 |
34,578 |
|
1,3896 |
34,632 |
|
1,3897 |
34,685 |
|
1,3898 |
34,739 |
|
1,3899 |
34,793 |
|
1,3900 |
34,846 |
|
1,3901 |
34,900 |
|
1,3902 |
34,953 |
|
1,3903 |
35,007 |
|
1,3904 |
35,060 |
|
1,3905 |
35,114 |
|
1,3906 |
35,167 |
|
1,3907 |
35,220 |
|
1,3908 |
35,274 |
|
1,3909 |
35,327 |
|
1,3910 |
35,380 |
|
1,3911 |
35,434 |
|
1,3912 |
35,487 |
|
1,3913 |
35,540 |
|
1,3914 |
35,593 |
|
1,3915 |
35,647 |
|
1,3916 |
35,700 |
|
1,3917 |
35,753 |
|
1,3918 |
35,806 |
|
1,3919 |
35,859 |
|
1,3920 |
35,912 |
|
1,3921 |
35,966 |
|
1,3922 |
36,019 |
|
1,3923 |
36,072 |
|
1,3924 |
36,125 |
|
1,3925 |
36,178 |
|
1,3926 |
36,231 |
|
1,3927 |
36,284 |
|
1,3928 |
36,337 |
|
1,3929 |
36,389 |
|
1,3930 |
36,442 |
|
1,3931 |
36,495 |
|
1,3932 |
36,548 |
|
1,3933 |
36,601 |
|
1,3934 |
36,654 |
|
1,3935 |
36,706 |
|
1,3936 |
36,759 |
|
1,3937 |
36,812 |
|
1,3938 |
36,865 |
|
1,3939 |
36,917 |
|
1,3940 |
36,970 |
|
1,3941 |
37,023 |
|
1,3942 |
37,075 |
|
1,3943 |
37,128 |
|
1,3944 |
37,180 |
|
1,3945 |
37,233 |
|
1,3946 |
37,286 |
|
1,3947 |
37,338 |
|
1,3948 |
37,391 |
|
1,3949 |
37,443 |
|
1,3950 |
37,495 |
|
1,3951 |
37,548 |
|
1,3952 |
37,600 |
|
1,3953 |
37,653 |
|
1,3954 |
37,705 |
|
1,3955 |
37,757 |
|
1,3956 |
37,810 |
|
1,3957 |
37,862 |
|
1,3958 |
37,914 |
|
1,3959 |
37,967 |
|
1,3960 |
38,019 |
|
1,3961 |
38,071 |
|
1,3962 |
38,123 |
|
1,3963 |
38,175 |
|
1,3964 |
38,228 |
|
1,3965 |
38,280 |
|
1,3966 |
38,332 |
|
1,3967 |
38,384 |
|
1,3968 |
38,436 |
|
1,3969 |
38,488 |
|
1,3970 |
38,540 |
|
1,3971 |
38,592 |
|
1,3972 |
38,644 |
|
1,3973 |
38,696 |
|
1,3974 |
38,748 |
|
1,3975 |
38,800 |
|
1,3976 |
38,852 |
|
1,3977 |
38,904 |
|
1,3978 |
38,955 |
|
1,3979 |
39,007 |
|
1,3980 |
39,059 |
|
1,3981 |
39,111 |
|
1,3982 |
39,163 |
|
1,3983 |
39,214 |
|
1,3984 |
39,266 |
|
1,3985 |
39,318 |
|
1,3986 |
39,370 |
|
1,3987 |
39,421 |
|
1,3988 |
39,473 |
|
1,3989 |
39,525 |
|
1,3990 |
39,576 |
|
1,3991 |
39,628 |
|
1,3992 |
39,679 |
|
1,3993 |
39,731 |
|
1,3994 |
39,782 |
|
1,3995 |
39,834 |
|
1,3996 |
39,885 |
|
1,3997 |
39,937 |
|
1,3998 |
39,988 |
|
1,3999 |
40,040 |
|
1,4000 |
40,091 |
|
1,4001 |
40,142 |
|
1,4002 |
40,194 |
|
1,4003 |
40,245 |
|
1,4004 |
40,296 |
|
1,4005 |
40,348 |
|
1,4006 |
40,399 |
|
1,4007 |
40,450 |
|
1,4008 |
40,501 |
|
1,4009 |
40,553 |
|
1,4010 |
40,604 |
|
1,4011 |
40,655 |
|
1,4012 |
40,706 |
|
1,4013 |
40,757 |
|
1,4014 |
40,808 |
|
1,4015 |
40,860 |
|
1,4016 |
40,911 |
|
1,4017 |
40,962 |
|
1,4018 |
41,013 |
|
1,4019 |
41,064 |
|
1,4020 |
41,115 |
|
1,4021 |
41,166 |
|
1,4022 |
41,217 |
|
1,4023 |
41,268 |
|
1,4024 |
41,318 |
|
1,4025 |
41,369 |
|
1,4026 |
41,420 |
|
1,4027 |
41,471 |
|
1,4028 |
41,522 |
|
1,4029 |
41,573 |
|
1,4030 |
41,623 |
|
1,4031 |
41,674 |
|
1,4032 |
41,725 |
|
1,4033 |
41,776 |
|
1,4034 |
41,826 |
|
1,4035 |
41,877 |
|
1,4036 |
41,928 |
|
1,4037 |
41,978 |
|
1,4038 |
42,029 |
|
1,4039 |
42,080 |
|
1,4040 |
42,130 |
|
1,4041 |
42,181 |
|
1,4042 |
42,231 |
|
1,4043 |
42,282 |
|
1,4044 |
42,332 |
|
1,4045 |
42,383 |
|
1,4046 |
42,433 |
|
1,4047 |
42,484 |
|
1,4048 |
42,534 |
|
1,4049 |
42,585 |
|
1,4050 |
42,635 |
|
1,4051 |
42,685 |
|
1,4052 |
42,736 |
|
1,4053 |
42,786 |
|
1,4054 |
42,836 |
|
1,4055 |
42,887 |
|
1,4056 |
42,937 |
|
1,4057 |
42,987 |
|
1,4058 |
43,037 |
|
1,4059 |
43,088 |
|
1,4060 |
43,138 |
|
1,4061 |
43,188 |
|
1,4062 |
43,238 |
|
1,4063 |
43,288 |
|
1,4064 |
43,338 |
|
1,4065 |
43,388 |
|
1,4066 |
43,439 |
|
1,4067 |
43,489 |
|
1,4068 |
43,539 |
|
1,4069 |
43,589 |
|
1,4070 |
43,639 |
|
1,4071 |
43,689 |
|
1,4072 |
43739 |
|
1,4073 |
43,789 |
|
1,4074 |
43,838 |
|
1,4075 |
43,888 |
|
1,4076 |
43,938 |
|
1,4077 |
43,988 |
|
1,4078 |
44,038 |
|
1,4079 |
44,088 |
|
1,4080 |
44,138 |
|
1,4081 |
44,187 |
|
1,4082 |
44,237 |
|
1,4083 |
44,287 |
|
1,4084 |
44,337 |
|
1,4085 |
44,386 |
|
1,4086 |
44,436 |
|
1,4087 |
44,486 |
|
1,4088 |
44,535 |
|
1,4089 |
44,585 |
|
1,4090 |
44,635 |
|
1,4091 |
44,684 |
|
1,4092 |
44,734 |
|
1,4093 |
44,783 |
|
1,4094 |
44,833 |
|
1,4095 |
44,882 |
|
1,4096 |
44,932 |
|
1,4097 |
44,981 |
|
1,4098 |
45,031 |
|
1,4099 |
45,080 |
|
1,4100 |
45,130 |
|
1,4101 |
43,179 |
|
1,4102 |
45,228 |
|
1,4103 |
45,278 |
|
1,4104 |
45,327 |
|
1,4105 |
45,376 |
|
1,4106 |
45,426 |
|
1,4107 |
45,475 |
|
1,4108 |
45,524 |
|
1,4109 |
45,574 |
|
1,4110 |
45,623 |
|
1,4111 |
45,672 |
|
1,4112 |
45,721 |
|
1,4113 |
45,770 |
|
1,4114 |
45,820 |
|
1,4115 |
45,869 |
|
1,4116 |
45,918 |
|
1,4117 |
46,967 |
|
1,4118 |
46,016 |
|
1,4119 |
46,065 |
|
1,4120 |
46,114 |
|
1,4121 |
46,163 |
|
1,4122 |
46,212 |
|
1,4123 |
46,261 |
|
1,4124 |
46,310 |
|
1,4125 |
46,359 |
|
1,4126 |
46,408 |
|
1,4127 |
46,457 |
|
1,4128 |
46,506 |
|
1,4129 |
46,555 |
|
1,4130 |
46,604 |
|
1,4131 |
46,652 |
|
1,4132 |
46,701 |
|
1,4133 |
46,750 |
|
1,4134 |
46,799 |
|
1,4135 |
46,848 |
|
1,4136 |
46,896 |
|
1,4137 |
46,945 |
|
1,4138 |
46,994 |
|
1,4139 |
47,043 |
|
1,4140 |
47,091 |
|
1,4141 |
47,140 |
|
1,4141 |
47,188 |
|
1,4143 |
47,237 |
|
1,4144 |
47,286 |
|
1,4145 |
47,334 |
|
1,4146 |
47,383 |
|
1,4147 |
47,431 |
|
1,4148 |
47,480 |
|
1,4149 |
47,528 |
|
1,4150 |
47,577 |
|
1,4151 |
47,625 |
|
1,4152 |
47,674 |
|
1,4153 |
47,722 |
|
1,4154 |
47,771 |
|
1,4155 |
47,819 |
|
1,4156 |
47,868 |
|
1,4157 |
47,916 |
|
1,4158 |
47,964 |
|
1,4159 |
48,013 |
|
1,4160 |
48,061 |
|
1,4161 |
48,109 |
|
1,4162 |
48,158 |
|
1,4163 |
48,206 |
|
1,4164 |
48,254 |
|
1,4165 |
48,302 |
|
1,4166 |
48,350 |
|
1,4167 |
48,399 |
|
1,4168 |
48,447 |
|
1,4169 |
48,495 |
|
1,4170 |
48,543 |
|
1,4171 |
48,591 |
|
1,4172 |
48,639 |
|
1,4173 |
48,687 |
|
1,4174 |
48,735 |
|
1,4175 |
48,784 |
|
1,4176 |
48,832 |
|
1,4177 |
48,880 |
|
1,4178 |
48,928 |
|
1,4179 |
48,976 |
|
1,4180 |
49,023 |
|
1,4181 |
49,071 |
|
1,4182 |
49,119 |
|
1,4183 |
49,167 |
|
1,4184 |
49,215 |
|
1,4185 |
49,263 |
|
1,4186 |
49,311 |
|
1,4187 |
49,359 |
|
1,4188 |
49,407 |
|
1,4189 |
49,454 |
|
1,4190 |
49,502 |
|
1,4191 |
49,550 |
|
1,4192 |
49,598 |
|
1,4193 |
49,645 |
|
1,4194 |
49,693 |
|
1,4195 |
49,741 |
|
1,4196 |
49,788 |
|
1,4197 |
49,836 |
|
1,4198 |
49,884 |
|
1,4199 |
49,931 |
|
1,4200 |
49,979 |
|
1,4201 |
50,027 |
|
1,4202 |
50,074 |
|
1,4203 |
50,122 |
|
1,4204 |
50,169 |
|
1,4205 |
50,217 |
|
1,4206 |
50,264 |
|
1,4207 |
50,312 |
|
1,4208 |
50,359 |
|
1,4209 |
50,407 |
|
1,4210 |
50,454 |
|
1,4211 |
50,502 |
|
1,4212 |
50,549 |
|
1,4213 |
50,596 |
|
1,4214 |
50,644 |
|
1,4215 |
50,691 |
|
1,4216 |
50,738 |
|
1,4217 |
50,786 |
|
1,4218 |
50,833 |
|
1,4219 |
50,880 |
|
1,4220 |
50,928 |
|
1,4221 |
50,975 |
|
1,4222 |
51,022 |
|
1,4223 |
51,069 |
|
1,4224 |
51,116 |
|
1,4225 |
51,164 |
|
1,4226 |
51,211 |
|
1,4227 |
51,258 |
|
1,4228 |
51305 |
|
1,4229 |
51,352 |
|
1,4230 |
51,399 |
|
1,4231 |
51,446 |
|
1,4232 |
51,493 |
|
1,4233 |
51,540 |
|
1,4234 |
51,587 |
|
1,4235 |
51,634 |
|
1,4236 |
51,681 |
|
1,4237 |
51,728 |
|
1,4238 |
51,775 |
|
1,4239 |
51,822 |
|
1,4240 |
51,869 |
|
1,4241 |
51,916 |
|
1,4242 |
51,963 |
|
1,4243 |
52,010 |
|
1,4244 |
52,057 |
|
1,4245 |
52,104 |
|
1,4246 |
52,150 |
|
1,4247 |
52,197 |
|
1,4248 |
52,244 |
|
1,4249 |
52,291 |
|
1,4250 |
52,338 |
|
1,4251 |
52,384 |
|
1,4252 |
52,431 |
|
1,4253 |
52,478 |
|
1,4254 |
52,524 |
|
1,4255 |
52,571 |
|
1,4256 |
52,618 |
|
1,4257 |
52,664 |
|
1,4258 |
52,711 |
|
1,4259 |
52,758 |
|
1,4260 |
52,804 |
|
1,4261 |
52,851 |
|
1,4261 |
52,897 |
|
1,4263 |
52,944 |
|
1,4264 |
52,990 |
|
1,4265 |
53,037 |
|
1,4266 |
53,083 |
|
1,4267 |
53,130 |
|
1,4268 |
53,176 |
|
1,4269 |
53,223 |
|
1,4270 |
53,269 |
|
1,4271 |
53,316 |
|
1,4272 |
53,362 |
|
1,4273 |
53,408 |
|
1,4274 |
53,455 |
|
1,4275 |
53,501 |
|
1,4276 |
53,548 |
|
1,4277 |
53,594 |
|
1,4278 |
53,640 |
|
1,4279 |
53,686 |
|
1,4280 |
53,733 |
|
1,4281 |
53,779 |
|
1,4282 |
53,825 |
|
1,4283 |
53,871 |
|
1,4284 |
53,918 |
|
1,4285 |
53,964 |
|
1,4286 |
54,010 |
|
1,4287 |
54,056 |
|
1,4288 |
54,102 |
|
1,4289 |
54,148 |
|
1,4290 |
54,194 |
|
1,4291 |
54,241 |
|
1,4292 |
54,287 |
|
1,4293 |
54,333 |
|
1,4294 |
54,379 |
|
1,4295 |
54,425 |
|
1,4296 |
54,471 |
|
1,4297 |
54,517 |
|
1,4298 |
54,563 |
|
1,4299 |
54,609 |
|
1,4300 |
54,655 |
|
1,4301 |
54,701 |
|
1,4302 |
54,746 |
|
1,4303 |
54,792 |
|
1,4304 |
54,838 |
|
1,4305 |
54,884 |
|
1,4306 |
54,930 |
|
1,4307 |
54,976 |
|
1,4308 |
55,022 |
|
1,4309 |
55067 |
|
1,4310 |
55,113 |
|
1,4311 |
55,159 |
|
1,4312 |
55,205 |
|
1,4313 |
55,250 |
|
1,4314 |
55,296 |
|
1,4315 |
55,342 |
|
1,4316 |
55,388 |
|
1,4317 |
55,433 |
|
1,4318 |
55,479 |
|
1,4319 |
55,524 |
|
1,4320 |
55,570 |
|
1,4321 |
55,616 |
|
1,4322 |
55,661 |
|
1,4323 |
55,707 |
|
1,4324 |
55,752 |
|
1,4325 |
55,798 |
|
1,4326 |
55,844 |
|
1,4327 |
55,889 |
|
1,4328 |
55,935 |
|
1,4329 |
55,980 |
|
1,4330 |
56,026 |
|
1,4331 |
56,071 |
|
1,4332 |
56,116 |
|
1,4133 |
56,162 |
|
1,4334 |
56,207 |
|
1,4335 |
56,253 |
|
1,4336 |
56,298 |
|
1,4337 |
56,343 |
|
1,4338 |
56,389 |
|
1,4339 |
56,434 |
|
1,4340 |
56,479 |
|
1,4341 |
56,525 |
|
1,4342 |
56,570 |
|
1,4343 |
56,615 |
|
1,4344 |
56,660 |
|
1,4345 |
56,706 |
|
1,4346 |
56,751 |
|
1,4347 |
56,796 |
|
1,4348 |
56,841 |
|
1,4349 |
56,887 |
|
1,4350 |
56,932 |
|
1,4351 |
56,977 |
|
1,4352 |
57,022 |
|
1,4353 |
57,067 |
|
1,4354 |
57,112 |
|
1,4355 |
57,157 |
|
1,4356 |
57,202 |
|
1,4357 |
57,247 |
|
14358 |
57,292 |
|
1,4359 |
57,337 |
|
1,4360 |
57,382 |
|
1,4361 |
57,427 |
|
1,4362 |
57,472 |
|
1,4363 |
57,517 |
|
1,4364 |
57,562 |
|
1,4365 |
57,607 |
|
1,4366 |
57,652 |
|
1,4367 |
57,697 |
|
1,4368 |
57,742 |
|
1,4369 |
57,787 |
|
1,4370 |
57,832 |
|
1,4371 |
57,877 |
|
1,4372 |
57,921 |
|
1,4373 |
57,966 |
|
1,4374 |
58,011 |
|
1,4375 |
58,056 |
|
1,4376 |
58,101 |
|
1,4377 |
58,145 |
|
1,4378 |
58,190 |
|
1,4379 |
58,235 |
|
1,4380 |
58,279 |
|
1,4381 |
58,324 |
|
1,4382 |
58,369 |
|
1,4383 |
58,413 |
|
1,4384 |
53,458 |
|
1,4385 |
58,503 |
|
1,4386 |
58,547 |
|
1,4387 |
58,592 |
|
1,4388 |
58,637 |
|
1,4389 |
58,681 |
|
1,4390 |
58,726 |
|
1,4391 |
58,770 |
|
1,4392 |
58,815 |
|
1,4393 |
58,859 |
|
1,4394 |
58,904 |
|
1,4395 |
58,948 |
|
1,4396 |
58,993 |
|
1,4397 |
59,037 |
|
1,4398 |
59,082 |
|
1,4399 |
59,126 |
|
1,4400 |
59,170 |
|
1,4401 |
59,215 |
|
1,4402 |
59,259 |
|
1,4403 |
59,304 |
|
1,4404 |
59,348 |
|
1,4405 |
59,392 |
|
1,4406 |
59,437 |
|
1,4407 |
59,481 |
|
1,4408 |
59,525 |
|
1,4409 |
59,569 |
|
1,4410 |
59,614 |
|
1,4411 |
59,658 |
|
1,4412 |
59,702 |
|
1,4413 |
59,746 |
|
1,4414 |
59,791 |
|
1,4415 |
59,835 |
|
1,4416 |
59,879 |
|
1,4417 |
59,923 |
|
1,4418 |
59,967 |
|
1,4419 |
60,011 |
|
1,4420 |
60,056 |
|
1,4421 |
60,100 |
|
1,4422 |
60,144 |
|
1,4423 |
60,188 |
|
1,4424 |
60,232 |
|
1,4425 |
60,276 |
|
1,4426 |
60,320 |
|
1,4427 |
60,364 |
|
1,4428 |
60,408 |
|
1,4429 |
60,452 |
|
1,4430 |
60,496 |
|
1,4431 |
60,540 |
|
1,4432 |
60,584 |
|
1,4433 |
60,628 |
|
1,4434 |
60,672 |
|
1,4435 |
60,716 |
|
1,4436 |
60,759 |
|
1,4437 |
60,803 |
|
1,4438 |
60,847 |
|
1,4439 |
60,891 |
|
1,4440 |
60,935 |
|
1,4441 |
60,979 |
|
1,4442 |
61,023 |
|
1,4443 |
61,066 |
|
1,4444 |
61,110 |
|
1,4445 |
61,154 |
|
1,4446 |
61,198 |
|
1,4447 |
61,241 |
|
1,4448 |
61,285 |
|
1,4449 |
61,329 |
|
1,4450 |
61,372 |
|
1,4451 |
61,416 |
|
1,4452 |
61,460 |
|
1,4453 |
61,503 |
|
1,4454 |
61,547 |
|
1,4455 |
61,591 |
|
1,4456 |
61,634 |
|
1,4457 |
61,678 |
|
1,4458 |
61,721 |
|
1,4459 |
61,765 |
|
1,4460 |
61,809 |
|
1,4461 |
61,852 |
|
1,4462 |
61,896 |
|
1,4463 |
61,939 |
|
1,4464 |
62,983 |
|
1,4465 |
62,026 |
|
1,4466 |
62,070 |
|
1,4467 |
62,113 |
|
1,4468 |
62,156 |
|
1,4469 |
62,200 |
|
1,4470 |
62,243 |
|
1,4471 |
62,287 |
|
1,4472 |
62,330 |
|
1,4473 |
62,373 |
|
1,4474 |
62,417 |
|
1,4475 |
62,460 |
|
1,4476 |
62,503 |
|
1,4477 |
62,547 |
|
1,4478 |
62,590 |
|
14479 |
62,633 |
|
1,4480 |
62,677 |
|
1,4481 |
62,720 |
|
1,4482 |
62,763 |
|
1,4483 |
62,806 |
|
1,4184 |
62,849 |
|
1,4485 |
62,893 |
|
1,4486 |
62,936 |
|
1,4487 |
62,979 |
|
1,4488 |
63,022 |
|
1,4489 |
63,065 |
|
1,4490 |
63,108 |
|
1,4491 |
63,152 |
|
1,4492 |
63,195 |
|
1,4493 |
63,238 |
|
1,4494 |
63,281 |
|
1,4495 |
63,324 |
|
1,4496 |
63,367 |
|
1,4497 |
63,410 |
|
1,4498 |
63,453 |
|
1,4499 |
63,496 |
|
1,4500 |
63,539 |
|
1,4501 |
63,582 |
|
1,4502 |
63,625 |
|
1,4503 |
63,668 |
|
1,4304 |
63,711 |
|
1,4505 |
63,754 |
|
1,4506 |
63,797 |
|
1,4507 |
63,840 |
|
1,4508 |
63,882 |
|
1,4509 |
63,925 |
|
1,4510 |
63,968 |
|
1,4511 |
64,011 |
|
1,4512 |
64,054 |
|
1,4513 |
64,097 |
|
1,4514 |
64,139 |
|
1,4515 |
64,182 |
|
1,4516 |
64,225 |
|
1,4517 |
64,268 |
|
1,4518 |
64,311 |
|
1,4519 |
64,353 |
|
1,4520 |
64,396 |
|
1,4521 |
64,439 |
|
1,4522 |
64,481 |
|
1,4523 |
64,524 |
|
1,4524 |
64,567 |
|
1,4525 |
64,609 |
|
1,4526 |
64,652 |
|
1,4527 |
64,695 |
|
1,4528 |
64,737 |
|
1,4529 |
64,780 |
|
1,4530 |
64,823 |
|
1,4531 |
64,865 |
|
1,4532 |
64,908 |
|
1,4533 |
64,950 |
|
1,4534 |
64,993 |
|
1,4535 |
65,035 |
|
1,4536 |
65,078 |
|
1,4537 |
65,120 |
|
1,4538 |
65,163 |
|
1,4539 |
65,205 |
|
1,4540 |
65,248 |
|
1,4541 |
65,290 |
|
1,4542 |
65,333 |
|
1,4543 |
65,375 |
|
1,4544 |
65,417 |
|
1,4545 |
65,460 |
|
1,4546 |
65,502 |
|
1,4547 |
65,544 |
|
1,4548 |
65,587 |
|
1,4549 |
65,629 |
|
1,4550 |
65,672 |
|
1,4551 |
65,714 |
|
1,4552 |
65,756 |
|
1,4553 |
65,798 |
|
1,4554 |
65,841 |
|
1,4555 |
65,883 |
|
1,4556 |
65,925 |
|
1,4557 |
65,967 |
|
1,4558 |
66,010 |
|
1,4559 |
66,052 |
|
1,4560 |
66,094 |
|
1,4561 |
66,136 |
|
1,4562 |
66,178 |
|
1,4563 |
66,221 |
|
1,4564 |
66,263 |
|
1,4565 |
66,305 |
|
1,4566 |
66,347 |
|
1,4567 |
66,389 |
|
1,4568 |
66,431 |
|
1,4569 |
66,473 |
|
1,4570 |
66,515 |
|
1,4571 |
66,557 |
|
1,4572 |
66,599 |
|
1,4573 |
66,641 |
|
1,4574 |
66,683 |
|
1,4575 |
66,725 |
|
1,4576 |
66,767 |
|
1,4577 |
66,809 |
|
1,4578 |
66,851 |
|
1,4579 |
66,893 |
|
1,4580 |
66,935 |
|
1,4581 |
66,977 |
|
1,4582 |
67,019 |
|
1,4583 |
67,061 |
|
1,4584 |
67,103 |
|
1,4585 |
67,145 |
|
1,4586 |
67,186 |
|
1,4587 |
67,228 |
|
1,4588 |
67,270 |
|
1,4589 |
67,312 |
|
1,4590 |
67,354 |
|
1,4591 |
67,396 |
|
1,4592 |
67,437 |
|
1,4593 |
67,479 |
|
1,4594 |
67,521 |
|
1,4595 |
67,563 |
|
1,4596 |
67,604 |
|
1,4597 |
67,646 |
|
1,4598 |
67,688 |
|
1,4599 |
67,729 |
|
1,4600 |
67,771 |
|
1,4601 |
67,813 |
|
1,4602 |
67,854 |
|
1,4603 |
67,896 |
|
1,4604 |
67,938 |
|
1,4605 |
67,979 |
|
1,4606 |
68,021 |
|
1,4607 |
68,063 |
|
1,4608 |
68,104 |
|
1,4609 |
68,146 |
|
1,4610 |
68,187 |
|
1,4611 |
68,229 |
|
1,4611 |
68,270 |
|
1,4613 |
68,312 |
|
1,4614 |
68,353 |
|
1,4615 |
68,395 |
|
1,4616 |
68,436 |
|
1,4617 |
68,478 |
|
1,4618 |
68,519 |
|
1,4619 |
68,561 |
|
1,4620 |
68,602 |
|
1,4621 |
68,643 |
|
1,4622 |
68,685 |
|
1,4623 |
68,726 |
|
1,4624 |
68,768 |
|
1,4625 |
68,809 |
|
1,4626 |
68,850 |
|
1,4627 |
68,892 |
|
1,4628 |
68,933 |
|
1,4629 |
68,974 |
|
1,4630 |
69,016 |
|
1,4631 |
69,057 |
|
1,4632 |
69,098 |
|
1,4633 |
69,139 |
|
1,4634 |
69,181 |
|
1,4635 |
69,222 |
|
1,4636 |
69,263 |
|
1,4637 |
69,304 |
|
1,4638 |
69,346 |
|
1,4639 |
69,387 |
|
1,4640 |
69,428 |
|
1,4641 |
69,469 |
|
1,4642 |
69,510 |
|
1,4643 |
69,551 |
|
1,4644 |
69,593 |
|
1,4645 |
69,634 |
|
1,4646 |
69,675 |
|
1,4647 |
69,716 |
|
1,4648 |
69,757 |
|
1,4649 |
69,798 |
|
1,4650 |
69,839 |
|
1,4651 |
69,880 |
|
1,4652 |
69,921 |
|
1,4653 |
69,962 |
|
1,4654 |
70,003 |
|
1,4655 |
70,044 |
|
1,4656 |
70,085 |
|
1,4657 |
70,126 |
|
1,4658 |
70,167 |
|
1,4659 |
70,208 |
|
1,4660 |
70,249 |
|
1,4661 |
70,290 |
|
1,4662 |
70,331 |
|
1,4663 |
70,372 |
|
1,4664 |
70,413 |
|
1,4665 |
70,453 |
|
1,4666 |
70,494 |
|
1,4667 |
70,535 |
|
1,4668 |
70,576 |
|
1,4669 |
70,617 |
|
1,4670 |
70,658 |
|
1,4671 |
70,698 |
|
1,4672 |
70,739 |
|
1,4673 |
70,780 |
|
1,4674 |
70,821 |
|
1,4675 |
70,861 |
|
1,4676 |
70,902 |
|
1,4677 |
70,943 |
|
1,4678 |
70,984 |
|
1,4679 |
71024 |
|
1,4680 |
71,065 |
|
1,4681 |
71,106 |
|
1,4681 |
71,146 |
|
1,4683 |
71,187 |
|
1,4684 |
71,228 |
|
1,4685 |
71,268 |
|
1,4686 |
71,309 |
|
1,4687 |
71,349 |
|
1,4688 |
71,390 |
|
1,4689 |
71,431 |
|
1,4690 |
71,471 |
|
1,4691 |
71,512 |
|
1,4692 |
71,552 |
|
1,4693 |
71,593 |
|
1,4694 |
71,633 |
|
1,4695 |
71,674 |
|
1,4696 |
71,714 |
|
1,4697 |
71,755 |
|
1,4698 |
71,795 |
|
1,4699 |
71,836 |
|
1,4700 |
71,876 |
|
1,4701 |
71,917 |
|
1,4702 |
71,957 |
|
1,4703 |
71,998 |
|
1,4704 |
72,038 |
|
1,4705 |
72,078 |
|
1,4706 |
72,119 |
|
1,4707 |
72,159 |
|
1,4708 |
72,199 |
|
1,4709 |
72,240 |
|
1,4710 |
72,280 |
|
1,4711 |
72,320 |
|
1,4712 |
72,361 |
|
1,4713 |
72,401 |
|
1,4714 |
72,441 |
|
1,4715 |
72,482 |
|
1,4716 |
72,522 |
|
1,4717 |
72,562 |
|
1,4718 |
72,602 |
|
1,4719 |
72,643 |
|
1,4720 |
72,683 |
|
1,4721 |
72,723 |
|
1,4722 |
72,763 |
|
1,4723 |
72,803 |
|
1,4724 |
72,843 |
|
1,4725 |
72,884 |
|
1,4726 |
72924 |
|
1,4727 |
72,964 |
|
1,4728 |
73,004 |
|
1,4729 |
73,044 |
|
1,4730 |
73,084 |
|
1,4731 |
73,124 |
|
1,4732 |
73,164 |
|
1,4733 |
73,204 |
|
1,4734 |
73,244 |
|
1,4735 |
73,285 |
|
1,4736 |
73,325 |
|
1,4737 |
73,365 |
|
1,4738 |
73,405 |
|
1,4739 |
73,445 |
|
1,4740 |
73,485 |
|
1,4741 |
73,524 |
|
1,4742 |
73,564 |
|
1,4743 |
73,604 |
|
1,4744 |
73,644 |
|
1,4745 |
73,684 |
|
1,4746 |
73,724 |
|
1,4747 |
73,764 |
|
1,4748 |
73,804 |
|
1,4749 |
73,844 |
|
1,4750 |
73,884 |
|
1,4751 |
73,924 |
|
1,4752 |
73,963 |
|
1,4753 |
74,003 |
|
1,4754 |
74,043 |
|
1,4755 |
74,083 |
|
1,4756 |
74,123 |
|
1,4757 |
74,162 |
|
1,4758 |
74,202 |
|
1,4759 |
74,242 |
|
1,4760 |
74,282 |
|
1,4761 |
74,321 |
|
1,4762 |
74,361 |
|
1,4763 |
74,401 |
|
1,4764 |
74,441 |
|
1,4765 |
74,480 |
|
1,4766 |
74,520 |
|
1,4767 |
74,560 |
|
1,4768 |
74,599 |
|
1,4769 |
74,639 |
|
1,4770 |
74,678 |
|
1,4771 |
74,718 |
|
1,1772 |
74,758 |
|
1,4773 |
74,797 |
|
1,4774 |
74,837 |
|
1,4775 |
74,876 |
|
1,4776 |
74,916 |
|
1,4777 |
74,956 |
|
1,4778 |
74,995 |
|
1,4779 |
75,035 |
|
1,4780 |
75,074 |
|
1,1781 |
75,114 |
|
1,4782 |
75,153 |
|
1,4783 |
75,193 |
|
1,4784 |
75,232 |
|
1,4785 |
75,272 |
|
1,4786 |
75,311 |
|
1,4787 |
75,350 |
|
1,4788 |
75,390 |
|
1,4789 |
75,429 |
|
1,4790 |
75,469 |
|
1,4791 |
75,508 |
|
1,4792 |
75,547 |
|
1,4793 |
75,587 |
|
1,4794 |
75,626 |
|
1,4795 |
75,666 |
|
1,4796 |
75,705 |
|
1,4797 |
75,744 |
|
1,4798 |
75,784 |
|
1,4799 |
75,823 |
|
1,4800 |
75,862 |
|
1,4801 |
75,901 |
|
1,4802 |
75,941 |
|
1,4803 |
75,980 |
|
1,4804 |
76,019 |
|
1,4805 |
76,058 |
|
1,4806 |
76,098 |
|
1,4807 |
76,137 |
|
1,4808 |
76,176 |
|
1,4809 |
76,215 |
|
1,4810 |
76,254 |
|
1,4810 |
76,294 |
|
1,4812 |
76,333 |
|
1,4813 |
76,372 |
|
1,4814 |
76,411 |
|
1,4815 |
76,450 |
|
1,4816 |
76,489 |
|
1,4817 |
76,528 |
|
1,4818 |
76,567 |
|
1,4819 |
76,607 |
|
1,4820 |
76,646 |
|
1,4821 |
76,685 |
|
1,4822 |
76,724 |
|
1,4823 |
76,763 |
|
1,4824 |
76,802 |
|
1,4825 |
76,841 |
|
1,4826 |
76,880 |
|
1,4827 |
76,919 |
|
1,4828 |
76,958 |
|
1,4829 |
76,997 |
|
1,4830 |
77,036 |
|
1,4831 |
77,075 |
|
1,4832 |
77,113 |
|
1,4833 |
77,152 |
|
1,4834 |
77,191 |
|
1,4835 |
77,230 |
|
1&xxxx;4336 |
77269 |
|
1,4837 |
77,308 |
|
1,4838 |
77,347 |
|
1,4839 |
77,386 |
|
1,4840 |
77,425 |
|
1,4841 |
77,463 |
|
1,4842 |
77,502 |
|
1,4843 |
77,541 |
|
1,4844 |
77,580 |
|
1,4845 |
77,619 |
|
1,4846 |
77,657 |
|
1,4847 |
77,696 |
|
1,4848 |
77,735 |
|
1,4849 |
77,774 |
|
1,4850 |
77,812 |
|
1,4851 |
77,851 |
|
1,4852 |
77,890 |
|
1,4853 |
77,928 |
|
1,4854 |
77,967 |
|
1,4855 |
78,006 |
|
1,4856 |
78,045 |
|
1,4857 |
78,083 |
|
1,4858 |
78,122 |
|
1,4859 |
78,160 |
|
1,4860 |
78,199 |
|
1,4861 |
78,238 |
|
1,4862 |
78,276 |
|
1,4863 |
78,315 |
|
1,4864 |
78,353 |
|
1,4865 |
78,392 |
|
1,4866 |
78,431 |
|
1,4867 |
78,469 |
|
1,4868 |
78,508 |
|
1,4869 |
78,546 |
|
1,4870 |
78,585 |
|
1,4871 |
78,623 |
|
1,4872 |
78,662 |
|
1,4873 |
78,700 |
|
1,4874 |
78,739 |
|
1,4875 |
78,777 |
|
1,4876 |
78,816 |
|
1,4877 |
78,854 |
|
1,4878 |
78,892 |
|
1,4879 |
78,931 |
|
1,4880 |
78,969 |
|
1,4881 |
79,008 |
|
1,4882 |
79,046 |
|
1,4883 |
79,084 |
|
1,4884 |
79,123 |
|
1,4885 |
79,161 |
|
1,4886 |
79,199 |
|
1,4887 |
79,238 |
|
1,4888 |
79,276 |
|
1,4889 |
79,314 |
|
1,4890 |
79,353 |
|
1,4891 |
79,391 |
|
1,4892 |
79,429 |
|
1,4893 |
79,468 |
|
1,4894 |
79,506 |
|
1,4895 |
79,544 |
|
1,4896 |
79,582 |
|
1,4897 |
79,620 |
|
1,4898 |
79,659 |
|
1,4899 |
79,697 |
|
1,4900 |
79,735 |
|
1,4901 |
79,773 |
|
1,4902 |
79,811 |
|
1,4903 |
79,850 |
|
1,4904 |
79,888 |
|
1,4905 |
79,926 |
|
1,4906 |
79,964 |
|
1,4907 |
80,002 |
|
1,4908 |
80,040 |
|
1,4909 |
80,078 |
|
1,4910 |
80,116 |
|
1,4911 |
80,154 |
|
1,4912 |
80,192 |
|
1,4913 |
80,231 |
|
1,4914 |
80,269 |
|
1,4915 |
80,307 |
|
1,4916 |
80,345 |
|
1,4917 |
80,383 |
|
1,4918 |
80,421 |
|
1,4919 |
80,459 |
|
1,4920 |
80,497 |
|
1,4921 |
80,534 |
|
1,4922 |
80,572 |
|
1,4923 |
80,610 |
|
1,4924 |
80,648 |
|
1,4925 |
80,686 |
|
1,4926 |
80,724 |
|
1,4927 |
80,762 |
|
1,4928 |
80,800 |
|
1,4929 |
80,838 |
|
1,4930 |
80,876 |
|
1,4931 |
80,913 |
|
1,4932 |
80,951 |
|
1,4933 |
80,989 |
|
1,4934 |
81,027 |
|
1,4935 |
81,065 |
|
1,4936 |
81,103 |
|
1,4937 |
81,140 |
|
1,4938 |
81,178 |
|
1,4939 |
81,216 |
|
1,4940 |
81,254 |
|
1,4941 |
81,291 |
|
1,4942 |
81,329 |
|
1,4943 |
81,367 |
|
1,4944 |
81,405 |
|
1,4945 |
81,442 |
|
1,4946 |
81,480 |
|
1,4947 |
81,518 |
|
1,4948 |
81,555 |
|
1,4949 |
81,593 |
|
1,4950 |
81,631 |
|
1,4951 |
81,668 |
|
1,4952 |
81,706 |
|
1,4953 |
81,744 |
|
1,4954 |
81,781 |
|
1,4955 |
81,819 |
|
1,4956 |
81,856 |
|
1,4957 |
81,894 |
|
1,4958 |
81,932 |
|
1,4959 |
81,969 |
|
1,4960 |
82,007 |
|
1,4961 |
82,044 |
|
1,4962 |
82,082 |
|
1,4963 |
82,119 |
|
1,4964 |
82,157 |
|
1,4965 |
82,194 |
|
1,4966 |
82,232 |
|
1,4967 |
82,269 |
|
1,4968 |
82,307 |
|
1,4969 |
82,344 |
|
1,4970 |
82,381 |
|
1,4971 |
82,419 |
|
1,4972 |
82,456 |
|
1,4973 |
82,494 |
|
1,4974 |
87,531 |
|
1,4975 |
82,569 |
|
1,9976 |
82,606 |
|
1,4977 |
82,643 |
|
1,4978 |
82,681 |
|
1,4979 |
82,718 |
|
1,4980 |
82,755 |
|
1,4981 |
82,793 |
|
1,4982 |
82,830 |
|
1,4983 |
82,867 |
|
1,4984 |
82,905 |
|
1,4985 |
82,942 |
|
1,4986 |
82,979 |
|
1,4987 |
83,016 |
|
1,4988 |
83,054 |
|
1,4989 |
83,091 |
|
14990 |
83,128 |
|
1,4991 |
83,165 |
|
1,4992 |
83,202 |
|
1,4993 |
83,240 |
|
1,4994 |
83,277 |
|
1,4995 |
83,314 |
|
1,4996 |
83,351 |
|
1,4997 |
83,388 |
|
1,4998 |
83,425 |
|
14999 |
83,463 |
|
1,5000 |
83,500 |
|
1,5001 |
83,537 |
|
1,5002 |
83,574 |
|
1,5003 |
83,611 |
|
1,5004 |
83,648 |
|
1,5005 |
83,685 |
|
1,5006 |
83,722 |
|
1,5007 |
83,759 |
|
1,5008 |
83,796 |
|
1,5009 |
83,833 |
|
1,5010 |
83,870 |
|
1,5011 |
83,907 |
|
1,5012 |
83,944 |
|
1,5013 |
83,981 |
|
1,5014 |
84,018 |
|
1,5015 |
84,055 |
|
1,5016 |
84,092 |
|
1,5017 |
84,129 |
|
1,5018 |
84,166 |
|
1,5019 |
84,203 |
|
1,5020 |
84,240 |
|
1,5021 |
84,277 |
|
1,5022 |
84,314 |
|
1,5023 |
84,351 |
|
1,5024 |
84,388 |
|
1,5025 |
84,424 |
|
1,5026 |
84,461 |
|
1,5027 |
84,498 |
|
1,5028 |
84,535 |
|
1,5029 |
84,572 |
|
1,5030 |
84,609 |
|
1,5031 |
84,645 |
|
1&xxxx;5032 |
84,682 |
|
1,5033 |
84,719 |
|
1,5034 |
84,756 |
|
1,5035 |
84,792 |
|
1,5036 |
84,829 |
|
1,5037 |
84,866 |
|
1,5038 |
84,903 |
|
1,5039 |
84,939 |
|
1,5040 |
84,976 |
|
1,5041 |
85,013 |
|
1,5042 |
85,049 |
|
1,5043 |
85,086 |
|
1,5044 |
85,123 |
|
1,5045 |
85,159 |
|
1,5046 |
85,196 |
|
1,5047 |
85,233 |
|
1,5048 |
85,269 |
|
1,5049 |
85,306 |
|
1,5050 |
85,343 |
|
1,5051 |
85,379 |
|
1,5052 |
85,416 |
|
1,5053 |
85,452 |
|
1,5054 |
85,489 |
|
1,5055 |
85,525 |
|
1,5056 |
85,562 |
|
1,5057 |
85,598 |
|
1,5058 |
85,635 |
|
1,5059 |
85,672 |
|
1,5060 |
85,708 |
|
1,5061 |
85,744 |
|
1,5062 |
85,781 |
|
1,5063 |
85,817 |
|
1,5064 |
85,854 |
|
1,5065 |
85,890 |
|
1,5066 |
85,927 |
|
1,5067 |
85,963 |
|
1,5068 |
86,000 |
|
1,5069 |
86,036 |
|
1,5070 |
86,072 |
|
1,5071 |
86,109 |
|
1,5072 |
86,145 |
|
1,5073 |
86,182 |
|
1,5074 |
86,218 |
|
1,5075 |
86,254 |
|
1,5076 |
86,291 |
|
1,5077 |
86,327 |
|
1,5078 |
86,363 |
|
1,5079 |
86,399 |
[1] Xxxxxxx x v těchto xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx ICUMSA xx X. Xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx x výpočty xxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxx G. Carpenterem x XXXX x xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x Xxxxx X. 33, 15-22 (červen 1970). Xxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxx při 20 °X xxxxxx X xxxx Xx. Xxxx (xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx) xxx získán vážením xxx 20 °X xx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxx 760 xxxxx (xx Hg) x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx relativní xxxxxxxx. Xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx předchozí (47&xxxx;012, xxxxxx 11) publikovanou x Xxxxxx. Xxxxx X. 39, 22 (1937).
XXXXXX 4
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx slouží ke xxxxxxxxx redukujících cukrů xxxxxxxxxxx jako invertní xxxx x cukru xxxxxxxxx
2. Xxxxxxxx
„Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx invertní xxxx“: xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx metody
Roztok xxxxxx s xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů xx xxxxxxx pro xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx XX. Vzniklý xxxx xxxxx xx xxx xxxxxxx odměrným roztokem xxxx (xx xxxxxx xxxxxx), jehož přebytek xx xxxxxxx zpětnou xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx roztokem xxxxxxxxxx sodného (se xxxxxx xxxxxx).
4. Reakční xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxx Xx XX (Xxxxxxxx roztok)
4.1.1 Xx 400 ml xxxxxx xxxx se xxxxxxxx 35 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX4 5X2X) x xxxxx se vychladnout.
4.1.2 X 500 xx xxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxx 173 g xxxxxx sodnodraselného xxxxxxxxxxxx (Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx xxx, KNaC4H4O6,4H2O) a 68 g xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx a xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.1.3 Xxx xxxxxxx (4.1.1 x 4.1.2) se xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx baňky a xxxxxx xx xxxxx xx 1 xxxxx. Xx xxxxxxx 2 x xxxxxxxxx uhlí xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx stát x xxxx xx přefiltruje xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx membránový xxxxx.
Xxxxx xx x průběhu xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx oxidu xxxxxxx, xx třeba xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxx 5 mol/l.
4.3 Xxxxxx xxxx, 0,01665 xxx/x (0,0333X; 4,2258 x/x).
4.4 Xxxxxx thiosíranu xxxxxxx, xxxxxx 0,0333 mol/l.
4.5 Xxxxxx škrobu: xx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xx přilije xxxx 5 x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xx 30 xx xxxx, xxxxxx se 3 xxxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx. X případě xxxxxxx xx xxxxx 10 xx jodidu xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Erlenmeyerova baňka, 300 xx; přesné xxxxxx x xxxxxx.
5.2 Xxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xx 300 xx Erlenmeyerovy baňky xx naváží část xxxxxx (10 x xxxx xxxx), xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxx 30 mg xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, a xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xx 100 xx xxxx.
Xx xxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxx 10 ml xxxxxxx Xx XX (4.1), xxxxx xx krouživým xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx se xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx (5.2) xx xxxx xxxxxx 10 xxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx xxx nejméně 20 xx xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx. Baňka xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx proudem xxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxxx xx roztok xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxx nedošlo x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx oxidu xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx pipetou xxxxx 5 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx (4.2) x koncentraci 5 mol/l a xxxxx xxxx se xxxxxxx přidá přebytek (20 xx 40 xx) roztoku xxxx (4.3) o koncentraci 0,016 65 mol/l.
Sraženina xxxx se mícháním xxxxxxxx x přebytek xxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sodného (4.4) o xxxxxxxxxxx 0,0333 xxx/x xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx (4.5) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxx xx přidává xx xxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.2 X xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx použití xxxxxx roztoku Xx XX (4.4). Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx nepřekročí 0,1 xx.
6.3 S cukerným xxxxxxxx se xx xxxxxx provede kontrolní xxxxxxx. Xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx 10 xxxxx, xxx xxxxx dojít x xxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxx xx xxxxxxxxx oxid xxxxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Vzorec x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxx xx rovná objemu (xx) přebytku přidaného xxxxxxx xxxx (0,016 65 mol/l) minus xxxxx (xx) xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (0,0333 xxx/x) spotřebovaného xxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx (ml) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx jódu (0,016 65 mol/l) se xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx:
7.1.1 xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxx pokusu x xxxxx (6.2),
7.1.2 xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx při xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx (6.3),
7.1.3 objemu 2,0 xx na xxxxxxx 10 x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx v xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx-xx xxxxxx méně xxx 10 x xxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx).
Xx xxxxxxxxx těchto xxxxxxx odpovídá spotřeba 1 ml xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3) 1 xx invertního xxxxx.
Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx se xxxxxxxx xxxxx vzorce:
kde:
V1 = počet xx xxxxxxxx roztoku (4.3) xx korekci,
m0 = xxxxxxxx použitého xxxxxx (x).
7.2 Opakovatelnost
Rozdíl xxxx xxxxxxxx dvou stanovení xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx nebo xxxxxx xx sebou x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 0,02 x na 100 x vzorku.
METODA 5
XXXXXXXXX REDUKUJÍCÍCH CUKRŮ XXXXXXXXXXX XXXX INVERTNÍ XXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx Knighta x Allena)
1. Xxxxxxx x oblast použití
Metoda xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx invertní xxxx
- x cukru xxxx x xxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx.
2. Definice
„Redukující cukry xxxxxxxxx jako xxxxxxxx xxxx“: obsah xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx metody
K xxxxxxx vzorku se xxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx Xx II, zredukovaný x xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx pak xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx XXXX.
4. Reakční xxxxxxx
4.1 Kyselina xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxxxx xxx) (EDTA), xxxxxx 0,0025 mol/l: xxxxxxxx se 0,930 x XXXX xx xxxx x xxxxxx xx vodou xx xxxxxxx xxxxx.
4.2 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx: 0,25 x xxxxxxxx xx xxxxx do 50 xx xxxx x xxxxxx se x 20 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,2 x/100 ml.
4.3 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx činidlo: v 600 ml xxxx xxxxxxxxxx 40 ml xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx o xxxxxxxxxxx 1,0 xxx/x xx rozpustí 25 x bezvodého xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x 25 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxx v 100 xx xxxx xx xxxxxxxx 6,0 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx – xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX4 5X2X), xxxxxxx xxxxxx xx přidá x xxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx: Roztok xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx (xxxxx xxxxx).
4.4 Standardní xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx: x xxxxxxx baňce x xxxxxx 250 xx xx xxxxxxxx 23,750 x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx (4.5) asi xx 120 xx xxxx. Přidá se 9 xx kyseliny xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (X20 = 1,16) x xxxxx xx xxxx při xxxxxxxxxxx teplotě xx xxxx 8 dní. Xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx 250 xx x ukončení xxxxxxxxx xx zkontroluje xxxxxxx xx polarimetru xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x délce 200 xx. Zjištěná xxxxxxx se xx xxxxxx 11,80 ± 0,05°X (xxx poznámka 8). 200 ml xxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 2000 xx, xxxxx xx vodou x xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (xxx nedošlo x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx zalkalizování xxxxxxx) se xxxxx 71,4 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (1 xxx/x), xx xxxxxx xxxx rozpuštěny 4 x kyseliny xxxxxxxx. Xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx 2000 xx, xx. xxx xxxxxxxxx 1 g invertního xxxxx ve 100 xx; xxxxxxx xX xxxxxxx xx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx 3.
Xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx použitím.
4.5 Xxxxx xxxxxxxxx: vzorek xxxxx sacharosy s xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx 0,001 x/100 x.
5. Xxxxxxxxx a xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxxx 150 x 20 xx.
5.2 Xxxx porcelánová xxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxxxxxx váhy xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xx zkumavce (5.1) xx xxxxxxxx 5 x vzorku cukru x 5 xx xxxxxxx vody, přidají xx 2,0 xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3) x xxxxx se xxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx do lázně x vroucí xxxxx xx dobu 5 xxxxx x poté xx xx studené xxxx xxxxxxx.
6.2 Xxxxxx xx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx, x xxxxxxxx xx nejmenšího xxxxxxxx xxxx, převede xx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (5.2), přidají se xxx xxxxx indikátoru (4.2) x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx XXXX (4.1). Titrační xxxxxxxx x xx xx xxxxxx jako X0.
Xxxxx xxxx ukončením xxxxxxx xx barva xxxxxxx xxxxx xx zelené xxxx šedou na xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxx. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx mizí x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx oxid xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx na xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx. Xxxxx xx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx nejrychleji.
6.3 Xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx základě xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx množství invertního xxxxx (příslušně xxxxxxx xxxxxx 4.4) k 5 x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx (4.5) a xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx studené xxxx xxx, xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx činil 5 xx. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (xx) se vynese xx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx invertního xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x 5 x xxxxxxxxx; xxxxxxxxx křivkou xx xxxxxx x rozmezí 0,001 xx 0,019 x na 100 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxx. 100 x xxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx výsledků
7.1 Xxxxxx výpočtu
Z xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx odečte xxxxx invertního xxxxx (x xxxxxxxxxx) xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx XXXX X0 xx xxx analýze xxxxxx.
7.2 Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxx 0,017 g xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 x analyzovaného xxxxxx, xxxx se xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx množství xxxxxx x xxxx 6.1, analyzovaný xxxxxx xx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xx 5 x xxxxxx sacharosou (4.5).
7.3 Opakovatelnost
Rozdíl xxxx xxxxxxxx dvou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx zároveň xxxx xxxxxx xx sebou x téhož xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx podmínek xxxxx xxx xxxxx než 0,005 x xx 100 x xxxxxx.
8. Xxxxxxxx
Xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx °X xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x °S xxxx 2,889 (xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx 200 xx; xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx; xxxxxxxx umístěný v xxxxxxxxx, xx xxxxx xx možné xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx 20 °X).
XXXXXX 6
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX VYJÁDŘENÝCH JAKO XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXXXXXXXX EKVIVALENT
(Metoda xxxxx Xxxxx x Schoorla)
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx ke xxxxxxxxx
1.1 obsahu redukujících xxxxx vyjádřeného jako xxxxxxxx xxxx
- v xxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx invertním xxxxx,
- v tekutém xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx z xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx;
1.2 xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx vyjádřeného x xxxxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
- ve xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx škrobovém xxxxxx;
1.3 xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx D-glukosa
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x dextrose xxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
„Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx vyjádřené xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx, X-xxxxxxx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx": xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx, Xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx ekvivalent xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx metodou.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx s xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx (x x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx) xx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxx xxxx x xxxxxxxx Xx XX, xxxxx se xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx Xx X. Xxxxxxxx Xx XX xx xxxx xxxxxxx jodometricky.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Carrezův xxxxxx I: 21,95 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, (Xx(XX3XXX)22X2X) nebo 24 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx trihydrátu, (Xx(XX3XXX)2-3X2X) xx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxx 3 xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx octové xxxxxxxx xx vodě x doplní xxxxx xx 100 xx.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx roztok XX: 10,6 x hexakyanoželeznatanu xxxxxxxxxx trihydrátu (K4[Fe(CN)6]-3H2O) xx xxxxxxxx xx xxxx x doplní xxxxx xx 100 xx.
4.3 Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx činidlo: xxxxxxxx se xxxx xxxxxxx:
4.3.1 Xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx: 25 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX45X2X) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xx 100 xx vody.
4.3.2 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx: 50 x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx monohydrátu (C6H8O7-H2O) xx rozpustí x 50 xx xxxx.
4.3.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx: 143,8 g bezvodého xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx přibližně x 300 xx horké xxxx a xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.3.4 X xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sodného (4.3.3) v xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx se xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx (4.3.2). Obsah xx xxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx, xxx xx přidá xxxxxx síranu xxxxxxxxx (4.3.1) x vodou xx xxxxxx xx 1000 xx. Xxxxxx xx xxxxx stát xxxx xxx, x xxxxxxx potřeby se xxxxx přefiltruje. Xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx podle xxxxxx popsané x xxxx 6.1 (Cu 0,1 xxx/x; Na2CO3 1 xxx/x).
4.4 Roztok xxxxxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x.
4.5 Xxxxxx xxxxxx: xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xx přilije 5 g xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx rozmíchaného ve 30 xx vody. Xxxxxx xx 3 xxxxxx x xxxxx xx vychladnout; xx-xx xxxxx, xxxxx se 10 mg xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxx konzervační xxxxxxx.
4.6 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx, 3 xxx/x.
4.7 Xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx, 30 % (x/X).
4.8 Xxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxxxx v xxxxxxxx chlorovodíkové, xxxxxxx xxxxx do xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxx.
4.9 Xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.10 Xxxxxxxx xxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x.
4.11 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x.
4.12 Xxxxxxxxxxx, jednoprocentní xxxxxx (m/V) x xxxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx a xxxxxxx
5.1 Erlenmeyerova baňka, x objemu 300 xx, xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
5.2 Xxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxx Luffova-Schoorlova xxxxxxx (4.3):
6.1.1 Ke 25 xx Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3) xx xxxxxxx 3 x xxxxxx draselného x 25 xx kyseliny xxxxxx x koncentraci 3 xxx/x (4.6).
Xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx thiosíranu xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.4) xx použití škrobového xxxxxxx (4.5) jako xxxxxxxxxx, který xx xxxxx xx ke xxxxx titrace. Xxxxx xxxx spotřeba xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx o koncentraci 0,1 xxx/x xxxxx 25 xx, xxxx xxx činidlo xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
6.1.2 Odpipetuje xx 10 xx činidla xx 100xx odměrné xxxxx a xx xxxxx xx doplní xxxxx.
10 xx takto xxxxxxxxx činidla xx xxxxxxxxxx xx Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx 25 xx kyseliny xxxxxxxxxxxxxx x koncentraci 0,1 xxx/x (4.11) x xxxxxxx se po xxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xx vroucí vodní xxxxx. Pak xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx xx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx převařenou xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.10) xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.12) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx sodného, 0,1 xxx/x (4.10) xxxx xxx xxxx 5,5 x 6,5 xx.
6.1.3 10 xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.1.2) xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x (4.11) xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.12) jako indikátoru. Xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xx charakterizován xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx zbarvení.
Spotřeba xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x (4.11) xxxx xxx mezi 6,0 x 7,5 xx.
6.1.4 Xxxxxxx xX Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxx 9,3 x 9,4 xxx 20 °X.
6.2 Příprava xxxxxxx
6.2.1 Xxxxxx xx 5 x xxxxxx s xxxxxxxxx xx 1 xx x kvantitativně xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx o xxxxxx 250 ml xxxxxxxxxx 200 xx xxxx. X případě xxxxxxx se vyčeří xxxxxxxx 5 ml Xxxxxxxxx roztoku X (4.1), xxx xx xxxxx 5 ml Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx XX (4.2). Xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx roztoku se xxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxxx xx doplní vodou xx 250 xx x dobře promíchá. X xxxxxxx potřeby xx roztok přefiltruje.
6.2.2 Xxxxxx (6.2.1) xx xxxxx x takovém xxxxxx, xxx obsah xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů vyjádřených xxxx xxxxxxx xx x 25 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx v xxxxxxx 15 xx 60 xx.
6.3 Titrace xxxxx Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx metody
Do 300 xx Erlenmeyerovy xxxxx (5.1) xx xxxxxxxxxx 25 xx Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3), xx xxxxx xx xxx xxxxxxx odměří 25 xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.2.2) a xxxxx xx xxx xxxxxx xxxxx (4.8). X baňce (5.1) xx xxxxxxx zpětný xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxx umístí xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx kahanu. Xxxxx xx v xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx kruhový xxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxx je xxx xxxxx. Xxxxxxxx xx přibližně xxxxx xxxx xxxxx uvede xx xxxx x xxxxx xx xxxxxx 10 minut mírně xxxxx. Xxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx vodě x xx xxxx minutách xx titruje xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx:
Xxxxx xx 10 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (4.7), xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx se xxxxx opatrně (x xxxxxxx xx bouřlivý xxxxx xxxxx) 25 xx xxxxxxxx sírové x xxxxxxxxxxx 3 xxx/x (4.6). Titruje xx roztokem thiosíranu xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.4), xxxxx se xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxx xx přidá jako xxxxxxxxx několik xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx (4.5) x pokračuje xx x titraci xx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx se xxxxx xxxxx x 25 xx xxxx xxxxx 25 ml cukerného xxxxxxx (6.2.2).
7. Vyjádření xxxxxxxx
7.1 Vzorec x xxxxxx výpočtu
Z níže xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx (xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx) hmotnost xxxxxxx nebo invertního xxxxx x mg, xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx mezi xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx spotřebami, xxxxxxxxxxx x xx xxxxxxx thiosíranu xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x.
Xxxxxxxx se xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx (m/m) xxxxxxxxxx cukru xxxx X-xxxxxxx, vztažených na xxxxxx.
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi xxxxxxxx dvou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx sebou x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx podmínek xxxxx xxx xxxxx než 0,2 ml.
8. Xxxxxxxx
Xxxx xxxxxxxxxx kyselinou xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxx xxxx množství xxxxxxxxxxxx (4.9), xxx se xxxxxxx xxxxxx pěny.
Tabulka xxxxxx xxx Luffovo – Schoorlovo xxxxxxx
|
0,1 xxx/x Na2S2O3 |
Glukosa, xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xxxx C6H12O6 |
|
|
ml |
mg |
rozdíl |
|
1 |
2,4 |
|
|
2 |
4,8 |
2,4 |
|
3 |
7,2 |
2,4 |
|
4 |
9,7 |
2,5 |
|
5 |
12,2 |
2,5 |
|
6 |
14,7 |
2,5 |
|
7 |
17,2 |
2,5 |
|
8 |
19,8 |
2,6 |
|
9 |
22,4 |
2,6 |
|
10 |
25,0 |
2,6 |
|
11 |
27,6 |
2,6 |
|
12 |
30,3 |
2,7 |
|
13 |
33,0 |
2,7 |
|
14 |
35,7 |
2,7 |
|
15 |
38,5 |
2,8 |
|
16 |
41,3 |
2,8 |
|
17 |
44,2 |
2,9 |
|
18 |
47,1 |
2,9 |
|
19 |
50,0 |
2,9 |
|
20 |
53,0 |
3,0 |
|
21 |
56,0 |
3,0 |
|
22 |
59,1 |
3,1 |
|
23 |
62,2 |
3,1 |
METODA 7
XXXXXXXXX REDUKUJÍCÍCH CUKRŮ XXXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx Lanea x Eynona – xxxxxxxxxx s konstantním xxxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx jako xxxxxxxx xxxx
- x xxxxxxx cukru,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx,
- x tekutém invertním xxxxx,
- x tekutém xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x sirupu z xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxxx z invertního xxxxx xxxxxx.
2. Definice
"Redukující xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx cukr": obsah xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx stanovený xxxxxxxx metodou.
3. Podstata xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx xxxxxxx za xxxx varu xxxxxx xxxxxxxx Fehlingova roztoku x použitím methylenové xxxxx jako xxxxxxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx činidla
4.1 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx:
4.1.1 Xxxxxx X:
69,3 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX4·5X2X) xx xxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxxxx xx xx 1000 xx.
4.1.2 Xxxxxx B:
346,0 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XXxX4X4X6·4X2X) x 100 x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx rozpustí xx xxxx x doplní xx 1000 xx. Xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx od xxxxxxxxx, xxxxx se xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxx xxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx nebo xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx lahvích.
4.2 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, 1 xxx/x.
4.3 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx cukru: 23,750 x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx rozpustí xxx xx 120 xx xxxx xx 250xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx baňce, xxxxx xx 9 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxx 1,16 g/ml) x xxxxx se xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxx teplotě xx dobu 8 xxx. Xxxxxx se xxxxxx xx 250 xx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx sacharometrem xxxxxx trubice xxxxx 200 mm. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xx xxxxxx 11,80 ± 0,05 °X (xxx xxxxxxxx 8). 200 xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xx 2000xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxx x xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx místnímu xxxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku) se xxxxx 71,4 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 1 xxx/x (4.2), ve xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx 4 x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx. Baňka se xxxxxx xx 2000 xx, aby xxxxxxxx xxxxxx obsahoval 1 x invertního xxxxx xx 100 xx. Xxxxxxx xX xxxxxxx xx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx 3.
Xxxxx stabilní xxxxxxx roztok xx xx xxx xxxxx xx těsně xxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxx přípravě xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx cukru x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,25 x/100 xx xx 250xx xxxxxxx baňka naplní xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 1 x/100 xx xxx 20 °X. Xxxxx se kvantitativně xxxxxxx xx 1000 xx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx se xxx 20 °X xx xxxxx vodou.
4.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, 1 x/100 xx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxx xxxxx s xxxxx xxxxxx o xxxxxx 500 xx.
5.2 Xxxxxx x objemu 50 ml, xxxxxx xx 0,05 ml, x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx 20, 25 x 50 ml.
5.4 Xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 250, 1000 x 2000 xx.
5.5 Xxxxxxxx x ohřevu, xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx za xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxx 6.1 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxx bodě, xxxx by xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xxxxxx přemístit xx xxxxxx tepla.
5.6 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx na 1 xxxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Stanovení xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
6.1.1 Xx xxxxx a xxxxx kádinky se xxxxxxxxxx 50 xx xxxxxxx B (4.1.2), xxxx 50 xx xxxxxxx A (4.1.1) x dobře se xxxxxxxx.
6.1.2 Xxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxx x naplní 0,25 % (0,25 x/100 xx) xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (4.3).
6.1.3 Xx 500 xx xxxxx baňky (5.1) se xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx 20 xx směsného roztoku X x B (6.1.1) x xxxxxxx xx 15 ml xxxx. X xxxxxx xx xx xxxxx xxxxxx 39 xx xxxxxxx invertního cukru, xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx a xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx pohybem xxxxxxxx.
6.1.4 Xxxxx baňky xx xxxxxxx k xxxx x nechá xx xxxxx xxxxxx dvě xxxxxx. Xxxxx dalšího xxxxxxx xx baňka xxxxx sejmout ze xxxxxx tepla x xxxxx dojít k xxxxxxxxx xxxx.
Xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx varu xx xxxxxxx xxx xxxx xxxxx kapky xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (4.4). Xxxxx roztoku musí xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx.
6.1.5 Xxxxxxxxx xx v xxxxxxxxx standardního roztoku xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx, xxxxxxxx po 0,2 ml, xxx xx 0,1 ml x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx, xx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx bodu. Xxx xx indikován xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx methylenové modři. Xxxxx roztoku je xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.1.6 Xxxxxxxxx xxxx titrace xx mělo xxx xxxxxxxx xx xxx xxxxx od začátku xxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx X0 xx xxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 39,0 xx 41,0 xx. Xx-xx xxxxxxx V0 xxxx xxxxxxx tohoto xxxxxxx, xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx ve Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx X (4.1.1) x xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx.
6.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx vzorku
Koncentrace xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx se xx pohybovat x xxxxxxx 250 xx 400 mg invertního xxxxx xx 100 xx.
6.3 Orientační xxxxxxx
6.3.1 Xx nutné provést xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx ke xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx x 20 xx xxxxxxxx roztoku X x X, xxxxx xxxxxxx, xx xxxxxxx objem xx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx 75 xx.
Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx x bodě 6.1.4, xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx roztok xxxxxx, xx. xx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx 25 xx xxxxxxx vzorku, xxxxx xx 15 xx xxxx, xxxxx xx 2 minuty xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xx xxx titruje xx xx dosažení xxxxxxxxx xxxx, xxx je xxxxxxx v xxxx 6.1.5.
6.3.2 Pokud xx xxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx. X xxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxxxx a xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx stanovení x xxxxx koncentrací xxxxxxx xxxxxx.
Xx-xx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxx 50 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxx se xxxxxx roztok xxxxxx x xxxxx koncentrací.
Množství xxxx, xxxxx xx xx xxxxxx, xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx Fehlingova roztoku (20 xx) x xxxxxx xxxxxxx vzorku xx 75 xx.
6.4 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx
6.4.1 Xx xxxxx xxxxx xx odpipetuje 20 xx xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxx stanovené xxxxx xxxx 6.3.
6.4.2 X xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxx stanoveném xxxxx bodu 6.3, xxxxxxxx x 1 xx. Přidá xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxx xxxxx se xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (6.3). Xxxxxxxxx bodu xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxx jednu xxxxxx xx přidání xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx. Xxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx V1.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx x postup xxxxxxx
Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx ve xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx jako xxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx:
xxx:
X = koncentrace xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x/100 xx),
X0 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (ml) xxx xxxxxxxxx titru,
V1 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (xx) při xxxxxx analýze (6.4.2),
f = xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x roztoku xxxxxxxxxx vzorku; hodnoty xxxx xxxxxxx v xxxx xxxxxxx tabulce:
|
Sacharosa (x xx směsi xxxxxxx xx xxxx) |
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x |
|
0,0 |
1,000 |
|
0,5 |
0,982 |
|
1,0 |
0,971 |
|
1,5 |
0,962 |
|
2,0 |
0,954 |
|
2,5 |
0,946 |
|
3,0 |
0,939 |
|
3,5 |
0,932 |
|
4,0 |
0,926 |
|
4,5 |
0,920 |
|
5,0 |
0,915 |
|
5,5 |
0,910 |
|
6,0 |
0,904 |
|
6,5 |
0,898 |
|
7,0 |
0,893 |
|
7,5 |
0,888 |
|
8,0 |
0,883 |
|
8,5 |
0,878 |
|
9,0 |
0,874 |
|
9,5 |
0,869 |
|
10,0 |
0,864 |
Xxxxxxx xxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx se xxxxx xxxxxxxxx z tabulkových xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxxxxxxx koncentrace xxxxxxxxx se xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx látek x invertního xxxxx (xxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx použita hodnota x xxxxx 1,0) xx koncentrace veškerých xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx lomu podle xxxxxx 3 xxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx stanovení xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx sebou x téhož vzorku xxxxxx pracovníkem za xxxxxxxxx podmínek nesmí xxx xxxxx xxx 1,0 % jejich xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
8. Poznámka
Při xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx °X xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx stupně xx xxxx xxxxxxx udaná x jednotkách °X xxxx faktorem 2,889 (xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx 200 xx; xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx; přístroj xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx, xx xxxxx xx xxxxx udržovat xxxxxxx xxxxxxx 20 °C).
METODA 8
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx x Xxxxxx s konstantním xxxxxx)
1. Předmět x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx ekvivalentu
- xx xxxxxxxxx sirupu,
- v xxxxxxx škrobovém xxxxxx,
- x dextrose monohydrátu,
- x xxxxxxxx bezvodé.
2. Xxxxxxxx
2.1 "Xxxxxxxx xxxx": xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx metodou, xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (D-glukosa) a xxxxxxxxx x procentech xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
2.2 "Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx": redukční xxxx xxxxxxxxx x procentech xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxx xx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxx xxxxxx objem xxxxxxxx Fehlingova roztoku x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx:
4.1.1 Roztok X:
Xx xxxx se rozpustí 69,3 x síranu xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX4·5X2X) x x xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 1000 xx se xxxxxx xx xxxxx.
4.1.2 Xxxxxx B:
Ve xxxx xx xxxxxxxx 346,0 x xxxxxx xxxxx-xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (KNaC4H4O6·4H2O) x 100 g xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x v xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 1000 ml xxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxx. Xxxx roztok xx xxxxxxxxx oddělí xx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxx dva xxxxxxx (4.1.1 x 4.1.2) xx třeba xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
4.1.3 Xxxxxxxx směsného Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xx čisté xxxxxxx xx odpipetuje 50 xx xxxxxxx X (4.1.2) a xxxx 50 xx xxxxxxx X (4.1.1) a xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx uchovávat, nýbrž xx xxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x standardizovaný (6.1).
4.2 Xxxxxxx dextrosa (X-xxxxxxx) (X6X12X6)
Xxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx 4 xxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx 100 ± 1 °X xxxx xxxxx a xxx xxxxx asi 10 xXx (103 xxxx).
4.3 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx, 0,600 g/100 xx
X xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx xx xxxxxx 0,6 x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.2), xxxxxxxx se xx xxxx, kvantitativně xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 100 xx (5.4), doplní xxxxx xx rysku x promíchá.
Tento xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx každý xxx, kdy xxxx xxxxxxxx.
4.4 Xxxxxx methylenové xxxxx, 0,1 x/100 xx vody
Rozpustí se 0,1 x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 xx vody.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxx xxxxx s úzkým xxxxxx o xxxxxx 250 xx.
5.2 Byreta x objemu 50 xx, x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx a xxxxxx xx 0,05 ml.
5.3 Xxxxxx nedělené x xxxxxxx 25 ml x 50 xx.
5.4 Xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 100 x 500 xx.
5.5 Zařízení x xxxxxx, xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxx s xxxxxxxxxx popsanými v xxxx 6.1 a xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xx xxxxxx xxxxx (xxx bod 6.1 xxxxxxxx 3).
5.6 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx na 1 xxxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxxxxxxxxxx Fehlingova roztoku
6.1.1 Xx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xx xxxxxxxxxx 25 xx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.1.3).
6.1.2 Xxxxxx (5.2) xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.3) x xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx.
6.1.3 Xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xx x byrety xxxxxxx 18 ml xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx dextrosy (4.3) x obsah xx xxxxxxxxx pohybem xxxxxxxx.
6.1.4 Xxxxx baňka xx xxxxxx xx zařízení x xxxxxx (5.5), xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx, xxx xxx xxxxxx xx 120 ± 15 xxxxxx.
X xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx nesmí xxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (xxx xxxxxxxx 1).
6.1.5 Xxxxxxx se roztok xxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx xxxx.
6.1.6 Xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx 120 xxxxxx (xxxxx stopek).
Ke xxxxx xx přidá 1 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx modři (4.4).
6.1.7 Xx 120 xxxxxxxxx (xxxxx xxxxxx) xx xxxxxxx varu se xxxxx x xxxxxx (6.1.2) do varné xxxxx (5.1) xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx roztok xxxxxxxx xx 0,5ml xxxxxxx, xxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx (viz xxxxxxxx 2 a 3).
Xxxxxxxxx se celkový xxxxx xxxxxxxxx standardního xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (X xx) včetně předposlední 0,5xx dávky.
6.1.8 Kroky x xxxxxx 6.1.1 x 6.1.2 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.9 X xxxxxx xx xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xxxxxxx (X 0,3) xx xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku dextrosy.
6.1.10 Xxxxx x xxxxxx 6.1.4, 6.1.5 x 6.1.6 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.11 Xx 120 xxxxxxxxx (xxxxx stopek) xx xxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxxx xx varné xxxxx (5.1) přidávat xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx dextrosy, xxxxxxxx xx 0,2xx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx po xxxxxxx, xxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx modř xxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
Xx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx musí xxx xxxx xxxx xxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx standardního roztoku xxxxxxxx 10 až 15 sekund.
Toto xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx 60 xxxxxx x xxxxxxx doba xxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx 180 xxxxxx.
X xxxxxx xxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx provést xxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx větší, xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (6.1.9).
6.1.12 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (V0 xx) standardního xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxxx 4).
6.1.13 Xxxxxxx V0 xxxx xxx x rozmezí 19,0 až 21,0 xx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.3).
Xxxxx xx xxxxxxx X0 xxxxxxx xxxx xxxx rozmezí, xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx Fehlingova roztoku X (4.1.1) x xxxxxxxxxxxxxx proces xx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.14 Vzhledem k xxxx, že xxxxxxx X0 xx přesně xxxxx, xx xxxxx xxx každodenní standardizaci xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx x počátečním xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx X0 – 0,5.
Poznámka 1:
Xxxxx je zajištěno, xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx, vyvíjení xxxx xx rychlé a xxxxxxxxxxx během xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx a x co xxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx 2:
Odbarvení xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx x horních xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx x x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xx. x xxxxxxx, xxxxx v xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sražený xxxxxxx oxid měďnatý. Xxxxxxxxx je xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx. Xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx 3:
Byreta xx xxxx xxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx co xxxxxxx chráněna před xxxxxxx tepla.
Poznámka 4:
Xxxxxxxx x xxxx, xx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, musí xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxx xxxxxxx musí použít xxxx xxxxxxx hodnotu X0 (7.1).
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx
6.2.1 Xxxxx není známa xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx (2.1) připraveného xxxxxx, je xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx zkoušku, xxx se xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, x xxxxx xxx xxx vypočtena hmotnost xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (6.3).
Xxxx xxxxxxx xx provádí xxxxx:
6.2.2 Xxxxxxxx se X % (x/X) xxxxxx xxxxxx, "X" xx přibližnou xxxxxxx.
6.2.3 Xxxxxxxxx se xxxx x xxxx 6.1.2 x použitím roztoku xxxxxx (6.2.2) namísto xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx dextrosy.
6.2.4 Xxxxxxxxx xx jako x bodě 6.1.1.
6.2.5 Xxxxxxxxx se xxxx x xxxx 6.1.3 x použitím 10 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx 18,0 xx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.2.6 Xxxxxxxxx xx jako x bodě 6.1.4.
6.2.7 Xxxxx baňky xx xxxxxxx x xxxx. Xxxxx se 1 xx roztoku methylenové xxxxx (4.4).
6.2.8 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx, xxxxxx xx stopky (5.6) xx nuly x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxx xx xxxxx po 1,0 ml xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxx 10 xxxxxx, a xx až do xxxxxxxxx methylenové modři.
Zaznamená xx xxxxxxx spotřeba xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx (X xx) xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx 0,5 xx xxxxx.
6.2.9 Hodnota "X" xxxxx přesáhnout 50 xx. Xxxxx k xxxx dojde, xx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx vzorku x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
6.2.10 Přibližná xxxxxxx redukční síly xxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx xxxxxxxxx dána xxxxxxx (x %):
6.3 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
X xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx xx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (xx), xxxxx obsahuje 2,85 xx 3,15 x xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (Xxxxxxxx). Xxx výpočtu xx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx hodnota xxxxxxxx síly (2.1), xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxx 6.2.10.
6.4 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx x xxxxxxx baňce o xxxxxx 500 xx xxxxxxxx xx xxxx x vodou xxxxxx xx xxxxx.
6.5 Xxxxxxxxx
6.5.1 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.1.
6.5.2 Xxxxxx (5.2) se xxxxxx zkušební roztokem (6.4) x xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxx.
6.5.3 X xxxxxx xx xx xxxxx xxxxx napustí 18,5 xx xxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx se xxxxx xxxxx zamíchá.
6.5.4 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.4.
6.5.5 Xxxxxxxxx xx jako x xxxx 6.1.5.
6.5.6 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.6.
6.5.7 Xxxxxxxxx xx jako x bodě 6.1.7, x použitím xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx standardního xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.5.8 Xxxxxxxxx xx jako x xxxx 6.1.8.
6.5.9 Postupuje xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.9, x xxxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx.
6.5.10 Postupuje xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.10.
6.5.11 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x bodě 6.1.11, s xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx.
6.5.12 Xxxxxxxxx se xxxxx (X1) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxxx xxx závěrečné xxxxxxx.
6.5.13 Hodnota X1 xxxx xxx x xxxxxxx 19,0 až 21,0 xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx xxxxxxx X1 nachází xxxx xxxx rozmezí, xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxxx x xxxxx 6.5.1 xx 6.5.12 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.5.14 Xxxxxxxx xx xxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx téhož xxxxxxxxxx roztoku.
6.6 Xxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx 2 xx xxxxxxx obsah xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx x postup xxxxxxx
7.1.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxx
Xxxxxxxx síla xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxx výrazem:
kde
V0 = xxxxx (xx) xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx dextrosy (4.3) spotřebovaný při xxxxxxxxxxxxxx titraci (6.1),
X1 = xxxxx (ml) xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.4) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx při xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx (6.5),
X = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x) (6.3) xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx 500 xx xxxxxxxxxx roztoku.
7.1.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxx ekvivalent vypočtený x procentech hmotnosti xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx dán xxxxxxx:
xxx
XX = xxxxxxxx síla xxxxxxxxx x procentech xxxxxxxxxxxx připraveného vzorku (7.1.1),
X = obsah xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx x procentech xxxxxxxxxxxx.
7.1.3 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx za xxxxxxxxxxx, xx je splněn xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (7.2).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx provedených zároveň xxxx rychle xx xxxxx x téhož xxxxxx tímtéž pracovníkem xx xxxxxxxxx podmínek xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 1,0 % xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx průměru.
METODA 9
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX POPELA
1. Xxxxxxx x oblast xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx obsahu xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx
- xx škrobovém xxxxxx,
- x sušeném xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- v xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx": obsah xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xx zpopelnění navážky xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx v xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx 525 °X za xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx hmotnost a xx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Kyselina xxxxxx, xxxxxxx xxxxxx: xxxxxx a opatrně xx xxxxxxx 100 xx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx (hustota xxx 20 °C = 1,84 g/ml; 96 % m/m) xx 300 xx xxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx míchání x xxxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx pec, xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx 525 ± 25 °X.
5.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxx s přesností xx 0,1 xx.
5.3 Xxxxxxx xxx stanovení xxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx či xxxxxxxx, vhodného xxxxxx.
5.4 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx s xxxxxxxxxxx obsahu vlhkosti.
6. Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx (5.3) xx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxx se x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxx xx. Xx kelímku xx xxxxxx (na 0,1 xx) odváží 5 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, případně 10 x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx 5 xx xxxxxxx kyseliny xxxxxx (4.1) (xxx poznámka 8.1) x vzorek xx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxx na xxxxx xxxxxxxx tak xxxxxx, xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx. Zuhelnatění, xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx výpary xx xxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxxx 8.2), se xxxx xxxxxxxx v xxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx (5.3) se xxxxxx do xxxxxxx xxxx (5.1), xxxxxxxxxx xx 525 ± 25 °C, a xxxxxxx se x xx, xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx. Xx xxxxxxx trvá xxx xxxxxx (viz poznámka 8.3).
Xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxx 30 minut xxxxxxxxxxx v xxxxxxxxxx (5.4) x xxxx xx xxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Vzorec x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxx síranového xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku xxxxxxxx x analýze xx xxx xxxxxxx:
xxx
x1 = hmotnost xxxxxx (x),
x0 = hmotnost xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x téhož vzorku xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 2,0 % xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx průměru.
8. Poznámky
8.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, aby xx xxxxxxxxx přílišnému xxxxxx.
8.2 Xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxx xxxxxxx ke ztrátám xxxxxx xxxx popela xxxxx přílišnému bobtnání xxxxxx.
8.3 Pokud xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx úplného xxxxxxxxxx (xx. zůstávají xxxxx částice), xxxxxxx xx třeba z xxxxxxx pece xxxxxxx, xxxxxx po ochlazení xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx x opět xxxxxx xx xxxx.
XXXXXX 10
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
- x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx,
- v cukru xxxx x cukru xxxxx,
- x cukru xxxxx xxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx 26 x cukru xx 100 xx, xxxxx je xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx x xxxxx 200 mm, xxxxxx xxxxxx polarizovaného xxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx metody
Polarizace xx stanoví xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx polarimetru xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x níže uvedené xxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxx xxxxxxx: xxxxxxx xxxxxx octanu xxxxxxxxxx.
Xx xxx 1000 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx vody xx přidá 560 x suchého bazického xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx. Směs xx 30 xxxxx xxxx x poté xx xxxxx xxxx xxxx noc.
Tekutý xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx tak, xxx xxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxx 1,25 x/xx (xxx 20 °X).
Xxxxx xxxxxx xx třeba xxxxxxx xxxx přístupem xxxxxxx.
4.2 Diethylether
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx 26 g xxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx polarimetr
Tento xxxxxxxx musí xxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx, xx xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx 20 °X. Xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx křemenných xxxxx.
5.2 Světelný zdroj xxxxxxxxxxx ze xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx o délce 200 mm x xxxxxxxxx ± 0,02 xx.
5.4 Xxxxxxxxxx váhy, xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 mg.
5.5 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 100 xx se xxxxxxx. Xxxxx se xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx v xxxxxxx 100,00 ± 0,01 xx xxxxx xxx použity bez xxxxxxx. Baňky x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxx korekcí na 100 xx.
5.6 Xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx termostatem, xxxxxxxxx xx 20 ± 0,1 °X.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Příprava xxxxxxx
Xx xxxxxxxxxxx xx naváží 26 ± 0,002 x vzorku a xxxxxxxxxxxxx xx převede xx xxxxxxx baňky x xxxxxx 100 xx (5.5) xxxxxxxxxx xxx 60 xx xxxx.
Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, přidá xx 0,5 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (4.1).
Xxxxxx xx míchá xxxxxxxxx pohybem baňky x xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx tak xxxxxx, dokud meniskus xxxxxxxxxx xxx 10 xx xxx kalibrační xxxxx.
Xxxxx xx xxxxxx xx xxxxx lázeň (5.6) xxxxxxxxxx xxx 20 ± 0,1 °X x xxxxxxx xx xxx tak xxxxxx, dokud xx xxxxxxx cukerného xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx odstraní xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.2).
Xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxx.
Xxxxx se zazátkuje x xxxxx se xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx dnem vzhůru.
Baňka xx xxxxx pět xxxxx stát.
6.2 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
Xx xxxx všech xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx teplota 20 ± 0,1 °X.
6.2.1 Polarimetr se xxxxxxx xx nulu.
6.2.2 Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx. Xxxxxxx 10 xx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx. Xxxx se až xxxxxxx 50 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.2.3 Polarimetrická xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx roztokem xxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx (6.2.2).
6.2.4 Trubice se xxx xxxxxxx 20 ± 0,1 °X xxxxxxx naplní roztokem xxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx.
Xxx zasouvání xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx se odstraní xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx bubliny. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
6.2.5 Odečte xx xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,05°S xxxx 0,02 xxxxxxxx xxxxxx. Xxxxx se xxxxxxxx xxxxx čtyřikrát. Xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxx měření.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Vzorec x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx X x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1°S. Xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxx X se xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx:
X = xxxxxx stupeň × 2,889
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x téhož vzorku xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx nesmí xxx xxxxx xxx 0,1°X, xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx stanovení je xxxxxxxx z pěti xxxxxx.