Xxxxx směrnice Komise
ze xxx 26. xxxxxxxx 1979,
xxxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx zkoušení některých xxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxxx
(79/796/XXX)
XXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX,
x xxxxxxx na Xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx hospodářského xxxxxxxxxxxx,
x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx Xxxx 73/437/XXX xx xxx 11. prosince 1973 o xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx spotřebě [1], x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx 11 xxxxxxx směrnice,
vzhledem x xxxx, xx článek 11 xxxxxxx směrnice xxxxxxx, že xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx metodami Xxxxxxxxxxxx;
xxxxxxxx x xxxx, xx xx vhodné xxxxxxxx počáteční xxxx xxxxx, xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxx xxxxxxxx;
xxxxxxxx x tomu, že x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx 73/437/XXX xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx pro stanovení xxxxx x xxxxx xxxx bílého xxxxx x cukru xxxxx xxxxxx, metoda stanovení xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxx extra bílého, xxxxxxxx cukru, xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx a xxxxxx x invertního xxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx a tekutého xxxxx;
xxxxxxxx x tomu, xx xx xx xxxxx xxxxxx bylo xxxxxx až xx xxxxxxxxxxx dalších metod Xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx státům xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx i xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx x Xxxxxx (xxxxxx 7 a 8 x příloze II x. III.3 x XXX.4) xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx Luffa a Xxxxxxxx (metoda 6 x xxxxxxx XX x. XXX.3 a XXX.4);
xxxxxxxx x xxxx, xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxx xxxxxxxx jsou x xxxxxxx se stanoviskem Xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx,
XXXXXXX XXXX SMĚRNICI:
Článek 1
1. Členské xxxxx xxxxxxx, xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx k xxxxxxx kritérií xxxxxxxxx x příloze X xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x příloze XX xxxx xxxxxxxx.
2. Xxxx xx dotčen xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx x Xxxxxxxx (příloha XX, metoda 6) xx xxxxxxxxx redukujících xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
- v xxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx,
- x tekutém invertním xxxxx,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxx invertním xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- ve xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x dextrose xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx mohou xx xxxx území xxxxxxxx xx stanovení xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx nebo xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx seznamu xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx x Eynona (xxxxxxx XX, xxxxxx 7 xxxx 8).
3. Pokud xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx volby xxxxxxxx x odst. 2 xxxxxx pododstavci, xxxxxxxxxx x xxx xxxxxxx Xxxxxx a xxxxxxx xxxxxxx státy.
Článek 2
Xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx pro xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx směrnicí xx 18 xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxx směrnice. Xxxxxxxxxx x xxxx xxxxxxx Xxxxxx.
Xxxxxx 3
Xxxx xxxxxxxx xx určena xxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
V Xxxxxxx xxx 26. července 1979.
Xx Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxx
xxxx Xxxxxx
[1] Úř. věst. X 356, 27.12.1973, x. 71.
PŘÍLOHA I
ROZSAH XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXX CUKRY XXXXXX K XXXXXX XXXXXXXX
PŘÍLOHA XX
XXXXXXXXXX METODY X OVĚŘENÍ SLOŽENÍ XXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXX X LIDSKÉ SPOTŘEBĚ
ÚVOD
1. Xxxxxxxx vzorků x xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxx xxxxxxx xx xx vzorku oddělí xxxxxxxx nejméně 200 x a okamžitě xxxxxxx do čisté, xxxxx, vodotěsné xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx vzduchotěsným xxxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, přístroje x pomůcky
Při xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x pomůcek xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx v xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx, xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx, které xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx požadavkům.
Pokud xx xxxxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx čistotou.
Veškerá činidla xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxx není xxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxx je xxxxxxxxxx na xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, jedná xx x xxxxx roztok.
3. Xxxxxxxxx výsledků
V úředním xxxxxxxxx o xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx jako xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx, jsou xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx laboratorního xxxxxx xxx, jak xxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x takto vyjádřeném xxxxxxxx je xxxxx xxxxxxxxx metody.
METODA 1
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx slouží xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
- x cukru xxxxxxxxx,
- v xxxxx xxxx x cukru xxxxx,
- x xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx sušením": xxxxxxx xxxxxx hmotnosti xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx popsanou metodou.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx hmotnosti xxxxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx teplotě 103 ± 2 °X.
4. Přístroje x xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx s přesností 0,1 xx.
4.2 Xxxxxxx x vhodnou xxxxxxxxx, xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X.
4.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxx, odolná xxxx působení xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx podmínkám, x průměrem xxxxxxx 100 xx x x xxxxxxxx nejméně 30 xx.
4.4 Xxxxxxxxx x čerstvě xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx sušidlem s xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxx 5.3 xx 5.7 xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx okamžitě xx xxxxxxxx nádoby xx xxxxxxx.
5.1 Xxxxx (4.3) xx xxxxxx do xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx (4.2) xxx xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X.
5.2 Xxxxx xx xxxxx v xxxxxxxxxx (4.4) xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx dobu 30 až 35 xxxxx x poté xx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
5.3 Do xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx 20 xx 30 x vzorku s xxxxxxxxx na 0,1 xx.
5.4 Miska xx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx (4.2) x teplotě 103 ± 2 °X, xxx se xxxxxxx 3 hodiny.
5.5 Xxxxx se xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx (4.4) x xxxxx xx s přesností xx 0,1 mg.
5.6 Xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx xx 30 xxxxx xx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X.
Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx (4.4) x xxxxx se x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxx mezi xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx 1 mg, xxxxxx xx opakuje. Dojde-li xx zvýšení hmotnosti, xxxxxxx se x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
5.7 Celkový čas xxxxxx nesmí xxx xxxxx než čtyři xxxxxx.
6. Vyjádření výsledků
6.1 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx hmotnostních xxxxxx je dána xxxxx xxxxxxx:
xxx:
x0 je xxxxxxxxx hmotnost zkušebního xxxxxx (g),
m1 je xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx xxxxxxxx (g).
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx provedených xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx sebou x xxxxx vzorku xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx za xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx než 0,02 x xx 100 x xxxxxx.
XXXXXX 2
STANOVENÍ XXXXXX
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx použití
Metoda xxxxxx ke xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx
- xx xxxxxxxxx sirupu,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x dextrose xxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxx xxxxxx": xxxxx xxxxxx stanovený popsanou xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx 70 ± 1 °C xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxx xxxxxxx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx). Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x vodou x s křemelinou.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Křemelina: xxxxxxxx xx v Xüxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx zředěnou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (1 xx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx o xxxxxxx 1,19 x/xx xx litr xxxx xxx 20 °X), xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxx xx filtru xx pak promývá xxxxx xxx xxxxxx, xxxxx xxxxxxx xX xxxxxxxx nevystoupí xxx 4; xxx xx xxxxxxxxx vysuší v xxxxxxx xxx 103 ± 2 °C x uloží xx xx vzduchotěsného xxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx, xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx x vakuovým xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxxx tak, aby xxx zajištěn xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx do xxxxxxx uložených xx xxxxxxxx.
5.2 Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx naplněné xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx vysoušedlem, x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx. Xxxx xxxxxx obsahující xxxxxxxxxxxxxx kyselinu xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x pračkou xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xx vstup xxxxxxx do xxxxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx udržovat x xxxxxxx xxxx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx) xxxx xxxxx.
5.4 Xxxxxx váženka x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxxx působení vzorků x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 100 xx a x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 300 xx.
5.5 Skleněná xxxxxxx x takové xxxxx, xxx nemohla xxxxx zapadnout do xxxxxxx.
5.6 Xxxxxxxxx s xxxxxxx aktivovaným xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx x rovnocenným xxxxxxxxxxx s xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
5.7 Analytické xxxx xxxxxx s xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xx xxxxxxx (5.4) xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (5.5) xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx 30 g xxxxxxxxx (4.1), xxx xxxxx xx xx xxxxxxx (5.1) s teplotou 70 ± 1 °X a xxxx xx xxxxx nejméně xx 3,3 xXx (34 mbar).
Suší se xxx xxxx nejméně 5 xxxxx, přičemž xx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx vzduchu xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx proud xxxxxxx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx.
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx v xxxxxxx xx dosáhne opatrným xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxx i xx xxxxxxxxx tyčinkou xx xxxxxxxx přemístí xx exsikátoru (5.6), xxx se xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, a pak xx xxxxx.
6.3 Do xxxxxxx x xxxxxx 100 xx xx x přesností xx 1 mg naváží xxxxxxxxx 10 g xxxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku.
6.4 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx 10 xx xxxxx xxxx x roztok xx pomocí xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (5.5) xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx.
6.5 Xxxxx se xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x skleněnou xxxxxxxx xx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx x xxxx se xxxxx xxxxxxx na 3,3 xXx (34 mbar). Xxxx xx xxx 70 ± 1 °X, přičemž se xxxxxxxx xxxxx procházet xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxxx se xxxxxxx xx dobu 20 xxxxx; x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxx. Xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxx proudit xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxx, xxx xx během xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx přibližně xx xxxxxxx 3,3 xXx (34 mbar) xxxx xxxxx.
6.6 Atmosférického xxxxx v sušárně xx opět xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx x s obsahem xx xxxxxxxx přemístí xx xxxxxxxxxx, xxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, x poté xx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 1 xx.
6.7 Xxxxxxx (6.5) xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx 4 hodiny. X xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx tlak a xxxxx xx ihned xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx, xxx xxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx. Xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx se xxxxxxxx xxxxxx výsledek, xxx xxxxxx mezi xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxx větší xxx 2 mg. V xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx operace 6.7.
6.8 Xxx stanovení sušiny xx vzorcích xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx nebo x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx křemeliny a xxxx zapotřebí.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Vzorec a xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxx sušiny xxxxxxxxx x procentech xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx se xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx:
xxx:
x0 = xx xxxxxxxxx hmotnost xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x),
x1 = xx xxxxxxxx váženky x křemelinou, xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxx (g),
m2 = xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx tyčinkou (x).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx stanovení xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx rychle xx sebou z xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx nesmí xxx xxxxx než 0,12 x xx 100 x vzorku.
METODA 3
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX SUŠINY
(Refraktometrická xxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx a xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx stanoví obsah xxxxxx
- v xxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v tekutém xxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx invertním xxxxx,
- x tekutém bílém xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx z xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx x bílého xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxx xxxxxx": xxxxx xxxxxx stanovený xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Podstata xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx xx index xxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku xxx 20 °X x xxxxx tabulek xxxxxxxxxxx koncentraci jako xxxxxx indexu lomu xx xxxxxxx na xxxxx xxxxxx.
4. Přístroje x xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx desetinná xxxxx, xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx s xxxxx xxxxx, která xx xxxxxxxxx termostatem xx teplotě 20 ± 0,5 °C.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxx sestávající xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxx 1:1 (m/m).
5.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.1) se xxxxx xxxxx lomu xxxxxx xxx 20 °X.
6. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x jejich xxxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxx xxxxxx se xxxxxxx x indexů xxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx 20 °X podle xxxxxxx xxxxxxx a jako xxxxxxx na xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx v xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx se x xxxxxxxx z xxxxxxx xxxxxx na xxxxx 1 % xxxxxxxxxx cukru hodnota 0,022.
6.2 Pokud xxx xxxxxx zředěn xxxxx x xxxxxx 1:1 (x/x), xxxx xx xxxxx vypočtené xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
6.3 Opakovatelnost
Rozdíl xxxx výsledky dvou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx rychle xx xxxxx x téhož xxxxxx xxxxxx pracovníkem xx totožných xxxxxxxx xxxxx být xxxxx xxx 0,2 x xxxxxx na 100 x vzorku.
REFERENČNÍ TABULKY
Indexy xxxx (x) roztoků xxxxxxxxx xxx 20 °X [1]
|
n (20 °X) |
Xxxxxxxxx (%) |
|
1,3330 |
0,009 |
|
1,3331 |
0,078 |
|
1,3332 |
0,149 |
|
1,3333 |
0,218 |
|
1,3334 |
0,288 |
|
1,3335 |
0,358 |
|
1,3336 |
0,428 |
|
1,3337 |
0,498 |
|
1,3338 |
0,567 |
|
1,3339 |
0,637 |
|
1,3340 |
0,707 |
|
1,3341 |
0,776 |
|
1,3342 |
0,846 |
|
1,3343 |
0,915 |
|
1,3344 |
0,985 |
|
1,3345 |
1,054 |
|
1,3346 |
1,124 |
|
1,3347 |
1,193 |
|
1,3348 |
1,263 |
|
1,3349 |
1,332 |
|
1,3350 |
1,401 |
|
1,3351 |
1,470 |
|
1,3352 |
1,540 |
|
1,3353 |
1,609 |
|
1,3354 |
1,678 |
|
1,3355 |
1,747 |
|
1,3356 |
1,816 |
|
1,3357 |
1,885 |
|
1,3358 |
1,954 |
|
1,3359 |
2,023 |
|
1,3360 |
2,092 |
|
1,3361 |
2,161 |
|
1,3362 |
2,230 |
|
1,3363 |
2,299 |
|
1,3364 |
2,367 |
|
1,3365 |
2,436 |
|
1,3366 |
2,505 |
|
1,3367 |
2,574 |
|
1,3368 |
2,642 |
|
1,3369 |
2,711 |
|
1,3370 |
2,779 |
|
1,3371 |
2,848 |
|
1,3372 |
2,917 |
|
1,3373 |
2,985 |
|
1,3374 |
3,053 |
|
1,3375 |
3,122 |
|
1,3376 |
3,190 |
|
1,3377 |
3,259 |
|
1,3378 |
3,327 |
|
1,3379 |
3,395 |
|
1,3380 |
3,463 |
|
1,3381 |
3,532 |
|
1,3382 |
3,600 |
|
1,3383 |
3,668 |
|
1,3384 |
3,736 |
|
1,3385 |
3,804 |
|
1,3386 |
3,872 |
|
1,3387 |
3,940 |
|
1,3388 |
4,008 |
|
1,3389 |
4,076 |
|
1,3390 |
4,144 |
|
1,3391 |
4,212 |
|
1,3392 |
4,279 |
|
1,3393 |
4,347 |
|
1,3394 |
4,415 |
|
1,3395 |
4,483 |
|
1,3396 |
4,550 |
|
1,3397 |
4,618 |
|
1,3398 |
4,686 |
|
1,3399 |
4,753 |
|
1,3400 |
4,821 |
|
1,3401 |
4,888 |
|
1,3402 |
4,956 |
|
1,3403 |
5,023 |
|
1,3404 |
5,091 |
|
1,3405 |
5,158 |
|
1,3406 |
5,225 |
|
1,3407 |
5,293 |
|
1,3408 |
5,360 |
|
1,3409 |
5,427 |
|
1,3410 |
5,494 |
|
1,3411 |
5,562 |
|
1,3412 |
5,629 |
|
1,3413 |
5,696 |
|
1,3414 |
5,763 |
|
1,3415 |
5,830 |
|
1,3416 |
5,897 |
|
1,3417 |
5,964 |
|
1,3418 |
6,031 |
|
1,3419 |
6,098 |
|
1,3420 |
6,165 |
|
1,3421 |
6,231 |
|
1,3422 |
6,298 |
|
1,3423 |
6,365 |
|
1,3424 |
6,432 |
|
1,3425 |
6,498 |
|
1,3426 |
6,565 |
|
1,3427 |
6,632 |
|
1,3428 |
6,698 |
|
1,3429 |
6,765 |
|
1,3430 |
6,831 |
|
1,3431 |
6,898 |
|
1,3432 |
6,964 |
|
1,3433 |
7,031 |
|
1,3434 |
7,097 |
|
1,3435 |
7,164 |
|
1,3436 |
7,230 |
|
1,3437 |
7,296 |
|
1,3438 |
7,362 |
|
1,3439 |
7,429 |
|
1,3440 |
7,495 |
|
1,3441 |
7,561 |
|
1,3442 |
7,627 |
|
1,3443 |
7,693 |
|
1,3444 |
7,759 |
|
1,3445 |
7,825 |
|
1,3446 |
7,891 |
|
1,3447 |
7,957 |
|
1,3448 |
8,023 |
|
1,3449 |
8,089 |
|
1,3450 |
8,155 |
|
1,3451 |
8,221 |
|
1,3452 |
8,287 |
|
1,3453 |
8,352 |
|
1,3454 |
8,418 |
|
1,3455 |
8,484 |
|
1,3456 |
8,550 |
|
1,3457 |
8,615 |
|
1&xxxx;3458 |
8,681 |
|
1,3459 |
8,746 |
|
1,3460 |
8,812 |
|
1,3461 |
8,878 |
|
1,3462 |
8,943 |
|
1,3463 |
9,008 |
|
1,3464 |
9,074 |
|
1,3465 |
9,139 |
|
1,3466 |
9,205 |
|
1,3467 |
9,270 |
|
1,3468 |
9,335 |
|
1,3469 |
9,400 |
|
1,3470 |
9,466 |
|
1,3471 |
9,531 |
|
1,3472 |
9,596 |
|
1,3473 |
9,661 |
|
1,3474 |
9,726 |
|
1,3475 |
9,791 |
|
1,3476 |
9,856 |
|
1,3477 |
9,921 |
|
1,3478 |
9,986 |
|
1,3479 |
10,051 |
|
1,3480 |
10,116 |
|
1,3481 |
10,181 |
|
1,3482 |
10,246 |
|
1,3483 |
10,311 |
|
1,3484 |
10,375 |
|
1,3485 |
10,440 |
|
1,3486 |
10,505 |
|
1,3487 |
10,570 |
|
1,3488 |
10,634 |
|
1,3489 |
10,699 |
|
1,3490 |
10,763 |
|
1,3491 |
10,828 |
|
1,3492 |
10,892 |
|
1,3493 |
10,957 |
|
1,3494 |
11,021 |
|
1,3495 |
11,086 |
|
1,3496 |
11,150 |
|
1,3497 |
11,215 |
|
1,3498 |
11,279 |
|
1,3499 |
11,343 |
|
1,3500 |
11,407 |
|
1,3501 |
11,472 |
|
1,3502 |
11,536 |
|
1,3503 |
11,600 |
|
1,3504 |
11,664 |
|
1,3505 |
11,728 |
|
1,3506 |
11,792 |
|
1,3507 |
11,856 |
|
1,3508 |
11,920 |
|
1,3509 |
11,984 |
|
1,3510 |
12,048 |
|
1,3511 |
12,112 |
|
1,3512 |
12,176 |
|
1,3513 |
12,240 |
|
1,3514 |
12,304 |
|
1,3515 |
12,368 |
|
1,3516 |
12,431 |
|
1,3517 |
12,495 |
|
1,3518 |
12,559 |
|
1,3519 |
12,623 |
|
1,3520 |
12,686 |
|
1,3521 |
12,750 |
|
1,3522 |
12,813 |
|
1,3523 |
12,877 |
|
1,3524 |
12,940 |
|
1,3525 |
13,004 |
|
1,3526 |
13,067 |
|
1,3527 |
13,131 |
|
1,3528 |
13,194 |
|
1,3529 |
13,258 |
|
1,3530 |
13,321 |
|
1,3531 |
13,384 |
|
1,3532 |
13,448 |
|
1,3533 |
13,511 |
|
1,3534 |
13,574 |
|
1,3535 |
13,637 |
|
1,3536 |
13,700 |
|
1,3537 |
13,763 |
|
1,3538 |
13,826 |
|
1,3539 |
13,890 |
|
1,3540 |
13,953 |
|
1,3541 |
14,016 |
|
1,3542 |
14,079 |
|
1,3543 |
14,141 |
|
1,3544 |
14,204 |
|
1,3545 |
14,267 |
|
1,3546 |
14,330 |
|
1,3547 |
14,393 |
|
1,3548 |
14,456 |
|
1,3549 |
14,518 |
|
1,3550 |
14,581 |
|
1,3551 |
14,644 |
|
1,3552 |
14,707 |
|
1,3553 |
14,769 |
|
1,3554 |
14,832 |
|
1,3555 |
14,894 |
|
1,3556 |
14,957 |
|
1,3557 |
15,019 |
|
1,3558 |
15,082 |
|
1,3559 |
15,144 |
|
1,3560 |
15,207 |
|
1,3561 |
15,269 |
|
1,3562 |
15,332 |
|
1,3563 |
15,394 |
|
1,3564 |
15,456 |
|
1,3565 |
15,518 |
|
1,3566 |
15,581 |
|
1,3567 |
15,643 |
|
1,3568 |
15,705 |
|
1,3569 |
15,767 |
|
1,3570 |
15,829 |
|
1,3571 |
15,891 |
|
1,3572 |
15,953 |
|
1,3573 |
16,016 |
|
1,3574 |
16,078 |
|
1,3575 |
16,140 |
|
1,3576 |
16,201 |
|
1,3577 |
16,263 |
|
1,3578 |
16,325 |
|
1,3579 |
16,387 |
|
1,3580 |
16,449 |
|
1,3581 |
16,511 |
|
1,3582 |
16,573 |
|
1,3583 |
16,634 |
|
1,3584 |
16,696 |
|
1,3585 |
16,758 |
|
1,3586 |
16,819 |
|
1,3587 |
16,881 |
|
1,3588 |
16,943 |
|
1,3389 |
17,004 |
|
1,3590 |
17,066 |
|
1,3591 |
17,127 |
|
1,3592 |
17,189 |
|
1,3593 |
17,250 |
|
1,3594 |
17,311 |
|
1,3595 |
17,373 |
|
1,3596 |
17,434 |
|
1,3597 |
17,496 |
|
1,3598 |
17,557 |
|
1,3599 |
17,618 |
|
1,3600 |
17,679 |
|
1,3601 |
17,741 |
|
1,3602 |
17,802 |
|
1,3603 |
17,863 |
|
1,3604 |
17,924 |
|
1,3605 |
17,985 |
|
1,3606 |
18,046 |
|
1,3607 |
18,107 |
|
1,3608 |
18,168 |
|
1,3609 |
18,229 |
|
1,3610 |
18,290 |
|
1,3610 |
18,351 |
|
1,3611 |
18,412 |
|
1,3613 |
18,473 |
|
1,3614 |
18,534 |
|
1,3615 |
18,595 |
|
1,3616 |
18,655 |
|
1,3617 |
18,716 |
|
1,3618 |
18,777 |
|
1,3619 |
18,837 |
|
1,3620 |
18,898 |
|
1,3621 |
18,959 |
|
1,3622 |
19,019 |
|
1,3623 |
19,080 |
|
1,3624 |
19,141 |
|
1,3625 |
19,201 |
|
1,3626 |
19,262 |
|
1,3627 |
19,322 |
|
1,3628 |
19,382 |
|
1,3629 |
19,443 |
|
1,3630 |
19,503 |
|
1,3631 |
19,564 |
|
1,3632 |
19,624 |
|
1,3633 |
19,684 |
|
1,3634 |
19,745 |
|
1,3635 |
19,805 |
|
1,3636 |
19,865 |
|
1,3637 |
19,925 |
|
1,3638 |
19,985 |
|
1,3639 |
20,045 |
|
1,3640 |
20,106 |
|
1.3641 |
20,166 |
|
1,3642 |
20,226 |
|
1,3643 |
20,286 |
|
1,3644 |
20,346 |
|
1,3645 |
20,406 |
|
1,3646 |
20,466 |
|
1,3647 |
20,525 |
|
1,3648 |
20,585 |
|
1,3649 |
20,645 |
|
1,3650 |
20,705 |
|
1,3651 |
20,765 |
|
1,3652 |
20,825 |
|
1,3653 |
20,884 |
|
1,3654 |
20,944 |
|
1,3655 |
21,004 |
|
1,3656 |
21,063 |
|
1,3657 |
21,123 |
|
1,3658 |
21,183 |
|
1,3659 |
21,242 |
|
1,3660 |
21,302 |
|
1,3661 |
21,361 |
|
1,3662 |
21,421 |
|
1,3563 |
21,480 |
|
1,3664 |
21,540 |
|
1,3665 |
21,599 |
|
1,3666 |
21,658 |
|
1,3667 |
21,718 |
|
1,3668 |
21,777 |
|
1,3669 |
21,836 |
|
1,3670 |
21,896 |
|
1,3671 |
21,955 |
|
1,3672 |
22,014 |
|
1,1673 |
22,073 |
|
1,3674 |
22,132 |
|
1,3675 |
22,192 |
|
1,3676 |
22,251 |
|
1,1677 |
22,310 |
|
1,3678 |
22,369 |
|
1,3679 |
22,428 |
|
1,3680 |
22,487 |
|
1,3681 |
22,546 |
|
1,3682 |
22,605 |
|
1,3683 |
22,664 |
|
1,3684 |
22,723 |
|
1,3685 |
22,781 |
|
1,3686 |
22,840 |
|
1,3687 |
22,899 |
|
1,3688 |
22,958 |
|
1,3689 |
23,017 |
|
1,3690 |
23,075 |
|
1,3691 |
23,134 |
|
1,3692 |
23,193 |
|
1,3693 |
23,251 |
|
1,3694 |
23,310 |
|
1,3695 |
23,369 |
|
1,3696 |
23,427 |
|
1,3697 |
23,486 |
|
1,3698 |
23,544 |
|
1,3699 |
23,603 |
|
1,3700 |
23,661 |
|
1,3701 |
23,720 |
|
1,3702 |
23,778 |
|
1,3703 |
23,836 |
|
1,3704 |
23,895 |
|
1,3705 |
23,953 |
|
1,3706 |
24,011 |
|
1,3707 |
24,070 |
|
1,3708 |
24,128 |
|
1,3709 |
24,186 |
|
1,3710 |
24,244 |
|
1,3711 |
24,302 |
|
1,3712 |
24,361 |
|
1,3713 |
24,419 |
|
1,3714 |
24,477 |
|
1,3715 |
24,535 |
|
1,3716 |
24,593 |
|
1,3717 |
24,651 |
|
1,3718 |
24,709 |
|
1,3719 |
24,767 |
|
1,3720 |
24,825 |
|
1,3721 |
24,883 |
|
1,3722 |
24,941 |
|
1,3723 |
24,998 |
|
1,3724 |
25,056 |
|
1,3725 |
25,114 |
|
1,3726 |
25,172 |
|
1,3727 |
25,230 |
|
1,3728 |
25287 |
|
1,3729 |
25,345 |
|
1,3730 |
25,403 |
|
1,3731 |
25,460 |
|
1,3732 |
25,518 |
|
1,3733 |
25,576 |
|
1,3734 |
25,633 |
|
1,3735 |
25,691 |
|
1,3736 |
25,748 |
|
1,3737 |
25,806 |
|
1,3738 |
25,863 |
|
1,3739 |
25,921 |
|
1,3740 |
25,978 |
|
1,3741 |
26,035 |
|
1,3742 |
26,093 |
|
1,3743 |
26,150 |
|
1,3744 |
26,207 |
|
1,3745 |
26,265 |
|
1,3746 |
26,322 |
|
1,3747 |
26,379 |
|
1,3748 |
26,436 |
|
1,3749 |
26,493 |
|
1,3750 |
26,551 |
|
1,3751 |
26,608 |
|
1,3752 |
26,665 |
|
1,3753 |
26,722 |
|
1,3754 |
26,779 |
|
1,3755 |
26,836 |
|
1,3756 |
26,893 |
|
1,3757 |
26,950 |
|
1,3758 |
27,007 |
|
1,3759 |
27,064 |
|
1,3760 |
27,121 |
|
1,3761 |
27,178 |
|
1,3762 |
27,234 |
|
1,3763 |
27,291 |
|
1,3764 |
27,348 |
|
1,3765 |
27,405 |
|
1,3765 |
27,462 |
|
1,3767 |
27,518 |
|
1,3768 |
27,575 |
|
1,3769 |
27,632 |
|
1,3770 |
27,688 |
|
1,3771 |
27,745 |
|
1,3772 |
27,802 |
|
1,3773 |
27,858 |
|
1,3774 |
27,915 |
|
1,3775 |
27,971 |
|
1,3776 |
28,028 |
|
1,3777 |
28,084 |
|
1,3778 |
28,141 |
|
1,3779 |
28,197 |
|
1,3780 |
28,253 |
|
1,3781 |
28,310 |
|
1,3782 |
28,366 |
|
1,3783 |
28,422 |
|
1,3784 |
28,479 |
|
1,3785 |
28,535 |
|
1,3786 |
28,591 |
|
1,3787 |
28,648 |
|
1,3788 |
28,704 |
|
1,3789 |
28,760 |
|
1,3790 |
28,816 |
|
1,3791 |
28,872 |
|
1,3792 |
28,928 |
|
1,3793 |
28,984 |
|
1,3794 |
29,040 |
|
1,3795 |
29,096 |
|
1,3796 |
29,152 |
|
1,3797 |
29,208 |
|
1,3798 |
29,264 |
|
1,3799 |
29,320 |
|
1,3800 |
29,376 |
|
1,3801 |
29,432 |
|
1,3802 |
29,488 |
|
1,3803 |
29,544 |
|
1,3804 |
29,600 |
|
1,3805 |
29,655 |
|
1,3806 |
29,711 |
|
1,3807 |
29,767 |
|
1,3808 |
29,823 |
|
1,3809 |
29,878 |
|
1,3810 |
29,934 |
|
1,3811 |
29,989 |
|
1,3812 |
30,045 |
|
1,3813 |
30,101 |
|
1,3814 |
30,156 |
|
1,3815 |
30,212 |
|
1,3816 |
30,267 |
|
1,3817 |
30,323 |
|
1,3818 |
30,378 |
|
1,3819 |
30,434 |
|
1,3820 |
30,489 |
|
1,3821 |
30,544 |
|
1,3822 |
30,600 |
|
1,3823 |
30,655 |
|
1,3824 |
30,711 |
|
1,3825 |
30,766 |
|
1,3826 |
30,821 |
|
1,3827 |
30,876 |
|
1,3828 |
30,932 |
|
1,3829 |
30,987 |
|
1,3830 |
31,042 |
|
1,3831 |
31,097 |
|
1,3832 |
31,152 |
|
1,3833 |
31,207 |
|
1,3834 |
31,262 |
|
1,3835 |
31,317 |
|
1,3836 |
31,372 |
|
1,3837 |
31,428 |
|
1,3838 |
31,482 |
|
1,3839 |
31,537 |
|
1,3840 |
31,592 |
|
1,3841 |
31,647 |
|
1,3842 |
31,702 |
|
1,3843 |
31,757 |
|
1,3844 |
31,812 |
|
1,3845 |
31,867 |
|
1,3846 |
31,922 |
|
1,3847 |
31,976 |
|
1,3848 |
32,031 |
|
1,3849 |
32,086 |
|
1,3850 |
32,140 |
|
1,3851 |
32,195 |
|
1,3852 |
32,250 |
|
1,3853 |
32,304 |
|
1,3854 |
32,359 |
|
1,3855 |
32,414 |
|
1,3856 |
32,468 |
|
1,3857 |
32,523 |
|
1,3858 |
32,577 |
|
1,3859 |
32,632 |
|
1,3860 |
32,686 |
|
1,3861 |
32,741 |
|
1,3862 |
32,795 |
|
1,3863 |
32,849 |
|
1,3864 |
32,904 |
|
1,3865 |
32,958 |
|
1,3866 |
33,013 |
|
1,3867 |
33,067 |
|
1,3868 |
33,121 |
|
1,3889 |
33,175 |
|
1,3870 |
33,230 |
|
1,3871 |
33,284 |
|
1,3872 |
33,338 |
|
1,3873 |
33,392 |
|
1,3874 |
33,446 |
|
1,3875 |
33,500 |
|
1,3876 |
33,555 |
|
1,3877 |
33,609 |
|
1,3878 |
33,663 |
|
1,3879 |
33,717 |
|
1,3880 |
33,771 |
|
1,3881 |
33,825 |
|
1,3882 |
33,879 |
|
1,3883 |
33,933 |
|
1,3884 |
33,987 |
|
1,3885 |
34,040 |
|
1,3886 |
34,094 |
|
1,3887 |
34,148 |
|
1,3888 |
34,202 |
|
1,3889 |
34,256 |
|
1,3890 |
34,310 |
|
1,3891 |
34,363 |
|
1,3892 |
34,417 |
|
1,3893 |
34,471 |
|
1,3894 |
34,524 |
|
1,3895 |
34,578 |
|
1,3896 |
34,632 |
|
1,3897 |
34,685 |
|
1,3898 |
34,739 |
|
1,3899 |
34,793 |
|
1,3900 |
34,846 |
|
1,3901 |
34,900 |
|
1,3902 |
34,953 |
|
1,3903 |
35,007 |
|
1,3904 |
35,060 |
|
1,3905 |
35,114 |
|
1,3906 |
35,167 |
|
1,3907 |
35,220 |
|
1,3908 |
35,274 |
|
1,3909 |
35,327 |
|
1,3910 |
35,380 |
|
1,3911 |
35,434 |
|
1,3912 |
35,487 |
|
1,3913 |
35,540 |
|
1,3914 |
35,593 |
|
1,3915 |
35,647 |
|
1,3916 |
35,700 |
|
1,3917 |
35,753 |
|
1,3918 |
35,806 |
|
1,3919 |
35,859 |
|
1,3920 |
35,912 |
|
1,3921 |
35,966 |
|
1,3922 |
36,019 |
|
1,3923 |
36,072 |
|
1,3924 |
36,125 |
|
1,3925 |
36,178 |
|
1,3926 |
36,231 |
|
1,3927 |
36,284 |
|
1,3928 |
36,337 |
|
1,3929 |
36,389 |
|
1,3930 |
36,442 |
|
1,3931 |
36,495 |
|
1,3932 |
36,548 |
|
1,3933 |
36,601 |
|
1,3934 |
36,654 |
|
1,3935 |
36,706 |
|
1,3936 |
36,759 |
|
1,3937 |
36,812 |
|
1,3938 |
36,865 |
|
1,3939 |
36,917 |
|
1,3940 |
36,970 |
|
1,3941 |
37,023 |
|
1,3942 |
37,075 |
|
1,3943 |
37,128 |
|
1,3944 |
37,180 |
|
1,3945 |
37,233 |
|
1,3946 |
37,286 |
|
1,3947 |
37,338 |
|
1,3948 |
37,391 |
|
1,3949 |
37,443 |
|
1,3950 |
37,495 |
|
1,3951 |
37,548 |
|
1,3952 |
37,600 |
|
1,3953 |
37,653 |
|
1,3954 |
37,705 |
|
1,3955 |
37,757 |
|
1,3956 |
37,810 |
|
1,3957 |
37,862 |
|
1,3958 |
37,914 |
|
1,3959 |
37,967 |
|
1,3960 |
38,019 |
|
1,3961 |
38,071 |
|
1,3962 |
38,123 |
|
1,3963 |
38,175 |
|
1,3964 |
38,228 |
|
1,3965 |
38,280 |
|
1,3966 |
38,332 |
|
1,3967 |
38,384 |
|
1,3968 |
38,436 |
|
1,3969 |
38,488 |
|
1,3970 |
38,540 |
|
1,3971 |
38,592 |
|
1,3972 |
38,644 |
|
1,3973 |
38,696 |
|
1,3974 |
38,748 |
|
1,3975 |
38,800 |
|
1,3976 |
38,852 |
|
1,3977 |
38,904 |
|
1,3978 |
38,955 |
|
1,3979 |
39,007 |
|
1,3980 |
39,059 |
|
1,3981 |
39,111 |
|
1,3982 |
39,163 |
|
1,3983 |
39,214 |
|
1,3984 |
39,266 |
|
1,3985 |
39,318 |
|
1,3986 |
39,370 |
|
1,3987 |
39,421 |
|
1,3988 |
39,473 |
|
1,3989 |
39,525 |
|
1,3990 |
39,576 |
|
1,3991 |
39,628 |
|
1,3992 |
39,679 |
|
1,3993 |
39,731 |
|
1,3994 |
39,782 |
|
1,3995 |
39,834 |
|
1,3996 |
39,885 |
|
1,3997 |
39,937 |
|
1,3998 |
39,988 |
|
1,3999 |
40,040 |
|
1,4000 |
40,091 |
|
1,4001 |
40,142 |
|
1,4002 |
40,194 |
|
1,4003 |
40,245 |
|
1,4004 |
40,296 |
|
1,4005 |
40,348 |
|
1,4006 |
40,399 |
|
1,4007 |
40,450 |
|
1,4008 |
40,501 |
|
1,4009 |
40,553 |
|
1,4010 |
40,604 |
|
1,4011 |
40,655 |
|
1,4012 |
40,706 |
|
1,4013 |
40,757 |
|
1,4014 |
40,808 |
|
1,4015 |
40,860 |
|
1,4016 |
40,911 |
|
1,4017 |
40,962 |
|
1,4018 |
41,013 |
|
1,4019 |
41,064 |
|
1,4020 |
41,115 |
|
1,4021 |
41,166 |
|
1,4022 |
41,217 |
|
1,4023 |
41,268 |
|
1,4024 |
41,318 |
|
1,4025 |
41,369 |
|
1,4026 |
41,420 |
|
1,4027 |
41,471 |
|
1,4028 |
41,522 |
|
1,4029 |
41,573 |
|
1,4030 |
41,623 |
|
1,4031 |
41,674 |
|
1,4032 |
41,725 |
|
1,4033 |
41,776 |
|
1,4034 |
41,826 |
|
1,4035 |
41,877 |
|
1,4036 |
41,928 |
|
1,4037 |
41,978 |
|
1,4038 |
42,029 |
|
1,4039 |
42,080 |
|
1,4040 |
42,130 |
|
1,4041 |
42,181 |
|
1,4042 |
42,231 |
|
1,4043 |
42,282 |
|
1,4044 |
42,332 |
|
1,4045 |
42,383 |
|
1,4046 |
42,433 |
|
1,4047 |
42,484 |
|
1,4048 |
42,534 |
|
1,4049 |
42,585 |
|
1,4050 |
42,635 |
|
1,4051 |
42,685 |
|
1,4052 |
42,736 |
|
1,4053 |
42,786 |
|
1,4054 |
42,836 |
|
1,4055 |
42,887 |
|
1,4056 |
42,937 |
|
1,4057 |
42,987 |
|
1,4058 |
43,037 |
|
1,4059 |
43,088 |
|
1,4060 |
43,138 |
|
1,4061 |
43,188 |
|
1,4062 |
43,238 |
|
1,4063 |
43,288 |
|
1,4064 |
43,338 |
|
1,4065 |
43,388 |
|
1,4066 |
43,439 |
|
1,4067 |
43,489 |
|
1,4068 |
43,539 |
|
1,4069 |
43,589 |
|
1,4070 |
43,639 |
|
1,4071 |
43,689 |
|
1,4072 |
43739 |
|
1,4073 |
43,789 |
|
1,4074 |
43,838 |
|
1,4075 |
43,888 |
|
1,4076 |
43,938 |
|
1,4077 |
43,988 |
|
1,4078 |
44,038 |
|
1,4079 |
44,088 |
|
1,4080 |
44,138 |
|
1,4081 |
44,187 |
|
1,4082 |
44,237 |
|
1,4083 |
44,287 |
|
1,4084 |
44,337 |
|
1,4085 |
44,386 |
|
1,4086 |
44,436 |
|
1,4087 |
44,486 |
|
1,4088 |
44,535 |
|
1,4089 |
44,585 |
|
1,4090 |
44,635 |
|
1,4091 |
44,684 |
|
1,4092 |
44,734 |
|
1,4093 |
44,783 |
|
1,4094 |
44,833 |
|
1,4095 |
44,882 |
|
1,4096 |
44,932 |
|
1,4097 |
44,981 |
|
1,4098 |
45,031 |
|
1,4099 |
45,080 |
|
1,4100 |
45,130 |
|
1,4101 |
43,179 |
|
1,4102 |
45,228 |
|
1,4103 |
45,278 |
|
1,4104 |
45,327 |
|
1,4105 |
45,376 |
|
1,4106 |
45,426 |
|
1,4107 |
45,475 |
|
1,4108 |
45,524 |
|
1,4109 |
45,574 |
|
1,4110 |
45,623 |
|
1,4111 |
45,672 |
|
1,4112 |
45,721 |
|
1,4113 |
45,770 |
|
1,4114 |
45,820 |
|
1,4115 |
45,869 |
|
1,4116 |
45,918 |
|
1,4117 |
46,967 |
|
1,4118 |
46,016 |
|
1,4119 |
46,065 |
|
1,4120 |
46,114 |
|
1,4121 |
46,163 |
|
1,4122 |
46,212 |
|
1,4123 |
46,261 |
|
1,4124 |
46,310 |
|
1,4125 |
46,359 |
|
1,4126 |
46,408 |
|
1,4127 |
46,457 |
|
1,4128 |
46,506 |
|
1,4129 |
46,555 |
|
1,4130 |
46,604 |
|
1,4131 |
46,652 |
|
1,4132 |
46,701 |
|
1,4133 |
46,750 |
|
1,4134 |
46,799 |
|
1,4135 |
46,848 |
|
1,4136 |
46,896 |
|
1,4137 |
46,945 |
|
1,4138 |
46,994 |
|
1,4139 |
47,043 |
|
1,4140 |
47,091 |
|
1,4141 |
47,140 |
|
1,4141 |
47,188 |
|
1,4143 |
47,237 |
|
1,4144 |
47,286 |
|
1,4145 |
47,334 |
|
1,4146 |
47,383 |
|
1,4147 |
47,431 |
|
1,4148 |
47,480 |
|
1,4149 |
47,528 |
|
1,4150 |
47,577 |
|
1,4151 |
47,625 |
|
1,4152 |
47,674 |
|
1,4153 |
47,722 |
|
1,4154 |
47,771 |
|
1,4155 |
47,819 |
|
1,4156 |
47,868 |
|
1,4157 |
47,916 |
|
1,4158 |
47,964 |
|
1,4159 |
48,013 |
|
1,4160 |
48,061 |
|
1,4161 |
48,109 |
|
1,4162 |
48,158 |
|
1,4163 |
48,206 |
|
1,4164 |
48,254 |
|
1,4165 |
48,302 |
|
1,4166 |
48,350 |
|
1,4167 |
48,399 |
|
1,4168 |
48,447 |
|
1,4169 |
48,495 |
|
1,4170 |
48,543 |
|
1,4171 |
48,591 |
|
1,4172 |
48,639 |
|
1,4173 |
48,687 |
|
1,4174 |
48,735 |
|
1,4175 |
48,784 |
|
1,4176 |
48,832 |
|
1,4177 |
48,880 |
|
1,4178 |
48,928 |
|
1,4179 |
48,976 |
|
1,4180 |
49,023 |
|
1,4181 |
49,071 |
|
1,4182 |
49,119 |
|
1,4183 |
49,167 |
|
1,4184 |
49,215 |
|
1,4185 |
49,263 |
|
1,4186 |
49,311 |
|
1,4187 |
49,359 |
|
1,4188 |
49,407 |
|
1,4189 |
49,454 |
|
1,4190 |
49,502 |
|
1,4191 |
49,550 |
|
1,4192 |
49,598 |
|
1,4193 |
49,645 |
|
1,4194 |
49,693 |
|
1,4195 |
49,741 |
|
1,4196 |
49,788 |
|
1,4197 |
49,836 |
|
1,4198 |
49,884 |
|
1,4199 |
49,931 |
|
1,4200 |
49,979 |
|
1,4201 |
50,027 |
|
1,4202 |
50,074 |
|
1,4203 |
50,122 |
|
1,4204 |
50,169 |
|
1,4205 |
50,217 |
|
1,4206 |
50,264 |
|
1,4207 |
50,312 |
|
1,4208 |
50,359 |
|
1,4209 |
50,407 |
|
1,4210 |
50,454 |
|
1,4211 |
50,502 |
|
1,4212 |
50,549 |
|
1,4213 |
50,596 |
|
1,4214 |
50,644 |
|
1,4215 |
50,691 |
|
1,4216 |
50,738 |
|
1,4217 |
50,786 |
|
1,4218 |
50,833 |
|
1,4219 |
50,880 |
|
1,4220 |
50,928 |
|
1,4221 |
50,975 |
|
1,4222 |
51,022 |
|
1,4223 |
51,069 |
|
1,4224 |
51,116 |
|
1,4225 |
51,164 |
|
1,4226 |
51,211 |
|
1,4227 |
51,258 |
|
1,4228 |
51305 |
|
1,4229 |
51,352 |
|
1,4230 |
51,399 |
|
1,4231 |
51,446 |
|
1,4232 |
51,493 |
|
1,4233 |
51,540 |
|
1,4234 |
51,587 |
|
1,4235 |
51,634 |
|
1,4236 |
51,681 |
|
1,4237 |
51,728 |
|
1,4238 |
51,775 |
|
1,4239 |
51,822 |
|
1,4240 |
51,869 |
|
1,4241 |
51,916 |
|
1,4242 |
51,963 |
|
1,4243 |
52,010 |
|
1,4244 |
52,057 |
|
1,4245 |
52,104 |
|
1,4246 |
52,150 |
|
1,4247 |
52,197 |
|
1,4248 |
52,244 |
|
1,4249 |
52,291 |
|
1,4250 |
52,338 |
|
1,4251 |
52,384 |
|
1,4252 |
52,431 |
|
1,4253 |
52,478 |
|
1,4254 |
52,524 |
|
1,4255 |
52,571 |
|
1,4256 |
52,618 |
|
1,4257 |
52,664 |
|
1,4258 |
52,711 |
|
1,4259 |
52,758 |
|
1,4260 |
52,804 |
|
1,4261 |
52,851 |
|
1,4261 |
52,897 |
|
1,4263 |
52,944 |
|
1,4264 |
52,990 |
|
1,4265 |
53,037 |
|
1,4266 |
53,083 |
|
1,4267 |
53,130 |
|
1,4268 |
53,176 |
|
1,4269 |
53,223 |
|
1,4270 |
53,269 |
|
1,4271 |
53,316 |
|
1,4272 |
53,362 |
|
1,4273 |
53,408 |
|
1,4274 |
53,455 |
|
1,4275 |
53,501 |
|
1,4276 |
53,548 |
|
1,4277 |
53,594 |
|
1,4278 |
53,640 |
|
1,4279 |
53,686 |
|
1,4280 |
53,733 |
|
1,4281 |
53,779 |
|
1,4282 |
53,825 |
|
1,4283 |
53,871 |
|
1,4284 |
53,918 |
|
1,4285 |
53,964 |
|
1,4286 |
54,010 |
|
1,4287 |
54,056 |
|
1,4288 |
54,102 |
|
1,4289 |
54,148 |
|
1,4290 |
54,194 |
|
1,4291 |
54,241 |
|
1,4292 |
54,287 |
|
1,4293 |
54,333 |
|
1,4294 |
54,379 |
|
1,4295 |
54,425 |
|
1,4296 |
54,471 |
|
1,4297 |
54,517 |
|
1,4298 |
54,563 |
|
1,4299 |
54,609 |
|
1,4300 |
54,655 |
|
1,4301 |
54,701 |
|
1,4302 |
54,746 |
|
1,4303 |
54,792 |
|
1,4304 |
54,838 |
|
1,4305 |
54,884 |
|
1,4306 |
54,930 |
|
1,4307 |
54,976 |
|
1,4308 |
55,022 |
|
1,4309 |
55067 |
|
1,4310 |
55,113 |
|
1,4311 |
55,159 |
|
1,4312 |
55,205 |
|
1,4313 |
55,250 |
|
1,4314 |
55,296 |
|
1,4315 |
55,342 |
|
1,4316 |
55,388 |
|
1,4317 |
55,433 |
|
1,4318 |
55,479 |
|
1,4319 |
55,524 |
|
1,4320 |
55,570 |
|
1,4321 |
55,616 |
|
1,4322 |
55,661 |
|
1,4323 |
55,707 |
|
1,4324 |
55,752 |
|
1,4325 |
55,798 |
|
1,4326 |
55,844 |
|
1,4327 |
55,889 |
|
1,4328 |
55,935 |
|
1,4329 |
55,980 |
|
1,4330 |
56,026 |
|
1,4331 |
56,071 |
|
1,4332 |
56,116 |
|
1,4133 |
56,162 |
|
1,4334 |
56,207 |
|
1,4335 |
56,253 |
|
1,4336 |
56,298 |
|
1,4337 |
56,343 |
|
1,4338 |
56,389 |
|
1,4339 |
56,434 |
|
1,4340 |
56,479 |
|
1,4341 |
56,525 |
|
1,4342 |
56,570 |
|
1,4343 |
56,615 |
|
1,4344 |
56,660 |
|
1,4345 |
56,706 |
|
1,4346 |
56,751 |
|
1,4347 |
56,796 |
|
1,4348 |
56,841 |
|
1,4349 |
56,887 |
|
1,4350 |
56,932 |
|
1,4351 |
56,977 |
|
1,4352 |
57,022 |
|
1,4353 |
57,067 |
|
1,4354 |
57,112 |
|
1,4355 |
57,157 |
|
1,4356 |
57,202 |
|
1,4357 |
57,247 |
|
14358 |
57,292 |
|
1,4359 |
57,337 |
|
1,4360 |
57,382 |
|
1,4361 |
57,427 |
|
1,4362 |
57,472 |
|
1,4363 |
57,517 |
|
1,4364 |
57,562 |
|
1,4365 |
57,607 |
|
1,4366 |
57,652 |
|
1,4367 |
57,697 |
|
1,4368 |
57,742 |
|
1,4369 |
57,787 |
|
1,4370 |
57,832 |
|
1,4371 |
57,877 |
|
1,4372 |
57,921 |
|
1,4373 |
57,966 |
|
1,4374 |
58,011 |
|
1,4375 |
58,056 |
|
1,4376 |
58,101 |
|
1,4377 |
58,145 |
|
1,4378 |
58,190 |
|
1,4379 |
58,235 |
|
1,4380 |
58,279 |
|
1,4381 |
58,324 |
|
1,4382 |
58,369 |
|
1,4383 |
58,413 |
|
1,4384 |
53,458 |
|
1,4385 |
58,503 |
|
1,4386 |
58,547 |
|
1,4387 |
58,592 |
|
1,4388 |
58,637 |
|
1,4389 |
58,681 |
|
1,4390 |
58,726 |
|
1,4391 |
58,770 |
|
1,4392 |
58,815 |
|
1,4393 |
58,859 |
|
1,4394 |
58,904 |
|
1,4395 |
58,948 |
|
1,4396 |
58,993 |
|
1,4397 |
59,037 |
|
1,4398 |
59,082 |
|
1,4399 |
59,126 |
|
1,4400 |
59,170 |
|
1,4401 |
59,215 |
|
1,4402 |
59,259 |
|
1,4403 |
59,304 |
|
1,4404 |
59,348 |
|
1,4405 |
59,392 |
|
1,4406 |
59,437 |
|
1,4407 |
59,481 |
|
1,4408 |
59,525 |
|
1,4409 |
59,569 |
|
1,4410 |
59,614 |
|
1,4411 |
59,658 |
|
1,4412 |
59,702 |
|
1,4413 |
59,746 |
|
1,4414 |
59,791 |
|
1,4415 |
59,835 |
|
1,4416 |
59,879 |
|
1,4417 |
59,923 |
|
1,4418 |
59,967 |
|
1,4419 |
60,011 |
|
1,4420 |
60,056 |
|
1,4421 |
60,100 |
|
1,4422 |
60,144 |
|
1,4423 |
60,188 |
|
1,4424 |
60,232 |
|
1,4425 |
60,276 |
|
1,4426 |
60,320 |
|
1,4427 |
60,364 |
|
1,4428 |
60,408 |
|
1,4429 |
60,452 |
|
1,4430 |
60,496 |
|
1,4431 |
60,540 |
|
1,4432 |
60,584 |
|
1,4433 |
60,628 |
|
1,4434 |
60,672 |
|
1,4435 |
60,716 |
|
1,4436 |
60,759 |
|
1,4437 |
60,803 |
|
1,4438 |
60,847 |
|
1,4439 |
60,891 |
|
1,4440 |
60,935 |
|
1,4441 |
60,979 |
|
1,4442 |
61,023 |
|
1,4443 |
61,066 |
|
1,4444 |
61,110 |
|
1,4445 |
61,154 |
|
1,4446 |
61,198 |
|
1,4447 |
61,241 |
|
1,4448 |
61,285 |
|
1,4449 |
61,329 |
|
1,4450 |
61,372 |
|
1,4451 |
61,416 |
|
1,4452 |
61,460 |
|
1,4453 |
61,503 |
|
1,4454 |
61,547 |
|
1,4455 |
61,591 |
|
1,4456 |
61,634 |
|
1,4457 |
61,678 |
|
1,4458 |
61,721 |
|
1,4459 |
61,765 |
|
1,4460 |
61,809 |
|
1,4461 |
61,852 |
|
1,4462 |
61,896 |
|
1,4463 |
61,939 |
|
1,4464 |
62,983 |
|
1,4465 |
62,026 |
|
1,4466 |
62,070 |
|
1,4467 |
62,113 |
|
1,4468 |
62,156 |
|
1,4469 |
62,200 |
|
1,4470 |
62,243 |
|
1,4471 |
62,287 |
|
1,4472 |
62,330 |
|
1,4473 |
62,373 |
|
1,4474 |
62,417 |
|
1,4475 |
62,460 |
|
1,4476 |
62,503 |
|
1,4477 |
62,547 |
|
1,4478 |
62,590 |
|
14479 |
62,633 |
|
1,4480 |
62,677 |
|
1,4481 |
62,720 |
|
1,4482 |
62,763 |
|
1,4483 |
62,806 |
|
1,4184 |
62,849 |
|
1,4485 |
62,893 |
|
1,4486 |
62,936 |
|
1,4487 |
62,979 |
|
1,4488 |
63,022 |
|
1,4489 |
63,065 |
|
1,4490 |
63,108 |
|
1,4491 |
63,152 |
|
1,4492 |
63,195 |
|
1,4493 |
63,238 |
|
1,4494 |
63,281 |
|
1,4495 |
63,324 |
|
1,4496 |
63,367 |
|
1,4497 |
63,410 |
|
1,4498 |
63,453 |
|
1,4499 |
63,496 |
|
1,4500 |
63,539 |
|
1,4501 |
63,582 |
|
1,4502 |
63,625 |
|
1,4503 |
63,668 |
|
1,4304 |
63,711 |
|
1,4505 |
63,754 |
|
1,4506 |
63,797 |
|
1,4507 |
63,840 |
|
1,4508 |
63,882 |
|
1,4509 |
63,925 |
|
1,4510 |
63,968 |
|
1,4511 |
64,011 |
|
1,4512 |
64,054 |
|
1,4513 |
64,097 |
|
1,4514 |
64,139 |
|
1,4515 |
64,182 |
|
1,4516 |
64,225 |
|
1,4517 |
64,268 |
|
1,4518 |
64,311 |
|
1,4519 |
64,353 |
|
1,4520 |
64,396 |
|
1,4521 |
64,439 |
|
1,4522 |
64,481 |
|
1,4523 |
64,524 |
|
1,4524 |
64,567 |
|
1,4525 |
64,609 |
|
1,4526 |
64,652 |
|
1,4527 |
64,695 |
|
1,4528 |
64,737 |
|
1,4529 |
64,780 |
|
1,4530 |
64,823 |
|
1,4531 |
64,865 |
|
1,4532 |
64,908 |
|
1,4533 |
64,950 |
|
1,4534 |
64,993 |
|
1,4535 |
65,035 |
|
1,4536 |
65,078 |
|
1,4537 |
65,120 |
|
1,4538 |
65,163 |
|
1,4539 |
65,205 |
|
1,4540 |
65,248 |
|
1,4541 |
65,290 |
|
1,4542 |
65,333 |
|
1,4543 |
65,375 |
|
1,4544 |
65,417 |
|
1,4545 |
65,460 |
|
1,4546 |
65,502 |
|
1,4547 |
65,544 |
|
1,4548 |
65,587 |
|
1,4549 |
65,629 |
|
1,4550 |
65,672 |
|
1,4551 |
65,714 |
|
1,4552 |
65,756 |
|
1,4553 |
65,798 |
|
1,4554 |
65,841 |
|
1,4555 |
65,883 |
|
1,4556 |
65,925 |
|
1,4557 |
65,967 |
|
1,4558 |
66,010 |
|
1,4559 |
66,052 |
|
1,4560 |
66,094 |
|
1,4561 |
66,136 |
|
1,4562 |
66,178 |
|
1,4563 |
66,221 |
|
1,4564 |
66,263 |
|
1,4565 |
66,305 |
|
1,4566 |
66,347 |
|
1,4567 |
66,389 |
|
1,4568 |
66,431 |
|
1,4569 |
66,473 |
|
1,4570 |
66,515 |
|
1,4571 |
66,557 |
|
1,4572 |
66,599 |
|
1,4573 |
66,641 |
|
1,4574 |
66,683 |
|
1,4575 |
66,725 |
|
1,4576 |
66,767 |
|
1,4577 |
66,809 |
|
1,4578 |
66,851 |
|
1,4579 |
66,893 |
|
1,4580 |
66,935 |
|
1,4581 |
66,977 |
|
1,4582 |
67,019 |
|
1,4583 |
67,061 |
|
1,4584 |
67,103 |
|
1,4585 |
67,145 |
|
1,4586 |
67,186 |
|
1,4587 |
67,228 |
|
1,4588 |
67,270 |
|
1,4589 |
67,312 |
|
1,4590 |
67,354 |
|
1,4591 |
67,396 |
|
1,4592 |
67,437 |
|
1,4593 |
67,479 |
|
1,4594 |
67,521 |
|
1,4595 |
67,563 |
|
1,4596 |
67,604 |
|
1,4597 |
67,646 |
|
1,4598 |
67,688 |
|
1,4599 |
67,729 |
|
1,4600 |
67,771 |
|
1,4601 |
67,813 |
|
1,4602 |
67,854 |
|
1,4603 |
67,896 |
|
1,4604 |
67,938 |
|
1,4605 |
67,979 |
|
1,4606 |
68,021 |
|
1,4607 |
68,063 |
|
1,4608 |
68,104 |
|
1,4609 |
68,146 |
|
1,4610 |
68,187 |
|
1,4611 |
68,229 |
|
1,4611 |
68,270 |
|
1,4613 |
68,312 |
|
1,4614 |
68,353 |
|
1,4615 |
68,395 |
|
1,4616 |
68,436 |
|
1,4617 |
68,478 |
|
1,4618 |
68,519 |
|
1,4619 |
68,561 |
|
1,4620 |
68,602 |
|
1,4621 |
68,643 |
|
1,4622 |
68,685 |
|
1,4623 |
68,726 |
|
1,4624 |
68,768 |
|
1,4625 |
68,809 |
|
1,4626 |
68,850 |
|
1,4627 |
68,892 |
|
1,4628 |
68,933 |
|
1,4629 |
68,974 |
|
1,4630 |
69,016 |
|
1,4631 |
69,057 |
|
1,4632 |
69,098 |
|
1,4633 |
69,139 |
|
1,4634 |
69,181 |
|
1,4635 |
69,222 |
|
1,4636 |
69,263 |
|
1,4637 |
69,304 |
|
1,4638 |
69,346 |
|
1,4639 |
69,387 |
|
1,4640 |
69,428 |
|
1,4641 |
69,469 |
|
1,4642 |
69,510 |
|
1,4643 |
69,551 |
|
1,4644 |
69,593 |
|
1,4645 |
69,634 |
|
1,4646 |
69,675 |
|
1,4647 |
69,716 |
|
1,4648 |
69,757 |
|
1,4649 |
69,798 |
|
1,4650 |
69,839 |
|
1,4651 |
69,880 |
|
1,4652 |
69,921 |
|
1,4653 |
69,962 |
|
1,4654 |
70,003 |
|
1,4655 |
70,044 |
|
1,4656 |
70,085 |
|
1,4657 |
70,126 |
|
1,4658 |
70,167 |
|
1,4659 |
70,208 |
|
1,4660 |
70,249 |
|
1,4661 |
70,290 |
|
1,4662 |
70,331 |
|
1,4663 |
70,372 |
|
1,4664 |
70,413 |
|
1,4665 |
70,453 |
|
1,4666 |
70,494 |
|
1,4667 |
70,535 |
|
1,4668 |
70,576 |
|
1,4669 |
70,617 |
|
1,4670 |
70,658 |
|
1,4671 |
70,698 |
|
1,4672 |
70,739 |
|
1,4673 |
70,780 |
|
1,4674 |
70,821 |
|
1,4675 |
70,861 |
|
1,4676 |
70,902 |
|
1,4677 |
70,943 |
|
1,4678 |
70,984 |
|
1,4679 |
71024 |
|
1,4680 |
71,065 |
|
1,4681 |
71,106 |
|
1,4681 |
71,146 |
|
1,4683 |
71,187 |
|
1,4684 |
71,228 |
|
1,4685 |
71,268 |
|
1,4686 |
71,309 |
|
1,4687 |
71,349 |
|
1,4688 |
71,390 |
|
1,4689 |
71,431 |
|
1,4690 |
71,471 |
|
1,4691 |
71,512 |
|
1,4692 |
71,552 |
|
1,4693 |
71,593 |
|
1,4694 |
71,633 |
|
1,4695 |
71,674 |
|
1,4696 |
71,714 |
|
1,4697 |
71,755 |
|
1,4698 |
71,795 |
|
1,4699 |
71,836 |
|
1,4700 |
71,876 |
|
1,4701 |
71,917 |
|
1,4702 |
71,957 |
|
1,4703 |
71,998 |
|
1,4704 |
72,038 |
|
1,4705 |
72,078 |
|
1,4706 |
72,119 |
|
1,4707 |
72,159 |
|
1,4708 |
72,199 |
|
1,4709 |
72,240 |
|
1,4710 |
72,280 |
|
1,4711 |
72,320 |
|
1,4712 |
72,361 |
|
1,4713 |
72,401 |
|
1,4714 |
72,441 |
|
1,4715 |
72,482 |
|
1,4716 |
72,522 |
|
1,4717 |
72,562 |
|
1,4718 |
72,602 |
|
1,4719 |
72,643 |
|
1,4720 |
72,683 |
|
1,4721 |
72,723 |
|
1,4722 |
72,763 |
|
1,4723 |
72,803 |
|
1,4724 |
72,843 |
|
1,4725 |
72,884 |
|
1,4726 |
72924 |
|
1,4727 |
72,964 |
|
1,4728 |
73,004 |
|
1,4729 |
73,044 |
|
1,4730 |
73,084 |
|
1,4731 |
73,124 |
|
1,4732 |
73,164 |
|
1,4733 |
73,204 |
|
1,4734 |
73,244 |
|
1,4735 |
73,285 |
|
1,4736 |
73,325 |
|
1,4737 |
73,365 |
|
1,4738 |
73,405 |
|
1,4739 |
73,445 |
|
1,4740 |
73,485 |
|
1,4741 |
73,524 |
|
1,4742 |
73,564 |
|
1,4743 |
73,604 |
|
1,4744 |
73,644 |
|
1,4745 |
73,684 |
|
1,4746 |
73,724 |
|
1,4747 |
73,764 |
|
1,4748 |
73,804 |
|
1,4749 |
73,844 |
|
1,4750 |
73,884 |
|
1,4751 |
73,924 |
|
1,4752 |
73,963 |
|
1,4753 |
74,003 |
|
1,4754 |
74,043 |
|
1,4755 |
74,083 |
|
1,4756 |
74,123 |
|
1,4757 |
74,162 |
|
1,4758 |
74,202 |
|
1,4759 |
74,242 |
|
1,4760 |
74,282 |
|
1,4761 |
74,321 |
|
1,4762 |
74,361 |
|
1,4763 |
74,401 |
|
1,4764 |
74,441 |
|
1,4765 |
74,480 |
|
1,4766 |
74,520 |
|
1,4767 |
74,560 |
|
1,4768 |
74,599 |
|
1,4769 |
74,639 |
|
1,4770 |
74,678 |
|
1,4771 |
74,718 |
|
1,1772 |
74,758 |
|
1,4773 |
74,797 |
|
1,4774 |
74,837 |
|
1,4775 |
74,876 |
|
1,4776 |
74,916 |
|
1,4777 |
74,956 |
|
1,4778 |
74,995 |
|
1,4779 |
75,035 |
|
1,4780 |
75,074 |
|
1,1781 |
75,114 |
|
1,4782 |
75,153 |
|
1,4783 |
75,193 |
|
1,4784 |
75,232 |
|
1,4785 |
75,272 |
|
1,4786 |
75,311 |
|
1,4787 |
75,350 |
|
1,4788 |
75,390 |
|
1,4789 |
75,429 |
|
1,4790 |
75,469 |
|
1,4791 |
75,508 |
|
1,4792 |
75,547 |
|
1,4793 |
75,587 |
|
1,4794 |
75,626 |
|
1,4795 |
75,666 |
|
1,4796 |
75,705 |
|
1,4797 |
75,744 |
|
1,4798 |
75,784 |
|
1,4799 |
75,823 |
|
1,4800 |
75,862 |
|
1,4801 |
75,901 |
|
1,4802 |
75,941 |
|
1,4803 |
75,980 |
|
1,4804 |
76,019 |
|
1,4805 |
76,058 |
|
1,4806 |
76,098 |
|
1,4807 |
76,137 |
|
1,4808 |
76,176 |
|
1,4809 |
76,215 |
|
1,4810 |
76,254 |
|
1,4810 |
76,294 |
|
1,4812 |
76,333 |
|
1,4813 |
76,372 |
|
1,4814 |
76,411 |
|
1,4815 |
76,450 |
|
1,4816 |
76,489 |
|
1,4817 |
76,528 |
|
1,4818 |
76,567 |
|
1,4819 |
76,607 |
|
1,4820 |
76,646 |
|
1,4821 |
76,685 |
|
1,4822 |
76,724 |
|
1,4823 |
76,763 |
|
1,4824 |
76,802 |
|
1,4825 |
76,841 |
|
1,4826 |
76,880 |
|
1,4827 |
76,919 |
|
1,4828 |
76,958 |
|
1,4829 |
76,997 |
|
1,4830 |
77,036 |
|
1,4831 |
77,075 |
|
1,4832 |
77,113 |
|
1,4833 |
77,152 |
|
1,4834 |
77,191 |
|
1,4835 |
77,230 |
|
1&xxxx;4336 |
77269 |
|
1,4837 |
77,308 |
|
1,4838 |
77,347 |
|
1,4839 |
77,386 |
|
1,4840 |
77,425 |
|
1,4841 |
77,463 |
|
1,4842 |
77,502 |
|
1,4843 |
77,541 |
|
1,4844 |
77,580 |
|
1,4845 |
77,619 |
|
1,4846 |
77,657 |
|
1,4847 |
77,696 |
|
1,4848 |
77,735 |
|
1,4849 |
77,774 |
|
1,4850 |
77,812 |
|
1,4851 |
77,851 |
|
1,4852 |
77,890 |
|
1,4853 |
77,928 |
|
1,4854 |
77,967 |
|
1,4855 |
78,006 |
|
1,4856 |
78,045 |
|
1,4857 |
78,083 |
|
1,4858 |
78,122 |
|
1,4859 |
78,160 |
|
1,4860 |
78,199 |
|
1,4861 |
78,238 |
|
1,4862 |
78,276 |
|
1,4863 |
78,315 |
|
1,4864 |
78,353 |
|
1,4865 |
78,392 |
|
1,4866 |
78,431 |
|
1,4867 |
78,469 |
|
1,4868 |
78,508 |
|
1,4869 |
78,546 |
|
1,4870 |
78,585 |
|
1,4871 |
78,623 |
|
1,4872 |
78,662 |
|
1,4873 |
78,700 |
|
1,4874 |
78,739 |
|
1,4875 |
78,777 |
|
1,4876 |
78,816 |
|
1,4877 |
78,854 |
|
1,4878 |
78,892 |
|
1,4879 |
78,931 |
|
1,4880 |
78,969 |
|
1,4881 |
79,008 |
|
1,4882 |
79,046 |
|
1,4883 |
79,084 |
|
1,4884 |
79,123 |
|
1,4885 |
79,161 |
|
1,4886 |
79,199 |
|
1,4887 |
79,238 |
|
1,4888 |
79,276 |
|
1,4889 |
79,314 |
|
1,4890 |
79,353 |
|
1,4891 |
79,391 |
|
1,4892 |
79,429 |
|
1,4893 |
79,468 |
|
1,4894 |
79,506 |
|
1,4895 |
79,544 |
|
1,4896 |
79,582 |
|
1,4897 |
79,620 |
|
1,4898 |
79,659 |
|
1,4899 |
79,697 |
|
1,4900 |
79,735 |
|
1,4901 |
79,773 |
|
1,4902 |
79,811 |
|
1,4903 |
79,850 |
|
1,4904 |
79,888 |
|
1,4905 |
79,926 |
|
1,4906 |
79,964 |
|
1,4907 |
80,002 |
|
1,4908 |
80,040 |
|
1,4909 |
80,078 |
|
1,4910 |
80,116 |
|
1,4911 |
80,154 |
|
1,4912 |
80,192 |
|
1,4913 |
80,231 |
|
1,4914 |
80,269 |
|
1,4915 |
80,307 |
|
1,4916 |
80,345 |
|
1,4917 |
80,383 |
|
1,4918 |
80,421 |
|
1,4919 |
80,459 |
|
1,4920 |
80,497 |
|
1,4921 |
80,534 |
|
1,4922 |
80,572 |
|
1,4923 |
80,610 |
|
1,4924 |
80,648 |
|
1,4925 |
80,686 |
|
1,4926 |
80,724 |
|
1,4927 |
80,762 |
|
1,4928 |
80,800 |
|
1,4929 |
80,838 |
|
1,4930 |
80,876 |
|
1,4931 |
80,913 |
|
1,4932 |
80,951 |
|
1,4933 |
80,989 |
|
1,4934 |
81,027 |
|
1,4935 |
81,065 |
|
1,4936 |
81,103 |
|
1,4937 |
81,140 |
|
1,4938 |
81,178 |
|
1,4939 |
81,216 |
|
1,4940 |
81,254 |
|
1,4941 |
81,291 |
|
1,4942 |
81,329 |
|
1,4943 |
81,367 |
|
1,4944 |
81,405 |
|
1,4945 |
81,442 |
|
1,4946 |
81,480 |
|
1,4947 |
81,518 |
|
1,4948 |
81,555 |
|
1,4949 |
81,593 |
|
1,4950 |
81,631 |
|
1,4951 |
81,668 |
|
1,4952 |
81,706 |
|
1,4953 |
81,744 |
|
1,4954 |
81,781 |
|
1,4955 |
81,819 |
|
1,4956 |
81,856 |
|
1,4957 |
81,894 |
|
1,4958 |
81,932 |
|
1,4959 |
81,969 |
|
1,4960 |
82,007 |
|
1,4961 |
82,044 |
|
1,4962 |
82,082 |
|
1,4963 |
82,119 |
|
1,4964 |
82,157 |
|
1,4965 |
82,194 |
|
1,4966 |
82,232 |
|
1,4967 |
82,269 |
|
1,4968 |
82,307 |
|
1,4969 |
82,344 |
|
1,4970 |
82,381 |
|
1,4971 |
82,419 |
|
1,4972 |
82,456 |
|
1,4973 |
82,494 |
|
1,4974 |
87,531 |
|
1,4975 |
82,569 |
|
1,9976 |
82,606 |
|
1,4977 |
82,643 |
|
1,4978 |
82,681 |
|
1,4979 |
82,718 |
|
1,4980 |
82,755 |
|
1,4981 |
82,793 |
|
1,4982 |
82,830 |
|
1,4983 |
82,867 |
|
1,4984 |
82,905 |
|
1,4985 |
82,942 |
|
1,4986 |
82,979 |
|
1,4987 |
83,016 |
|
1,4988 |
83,054 |
|
1,4989 |
83,091 |
|
14990 |
83,128 |
|
1,4991 |
83,165 |
|
1,4992 |
83,202 |
|
1,4993 |
83,240 |
|
1,4994 |
83,277 |
|
1,4995 |
83,314 |
|
1,4996 |
83,351 |
|
1,4997 |
83,388 |
|
1,4998 |
83,425 |
|
14999 |
83,463 |
|
1,5000 |
83,500 |
|
1,5001 |
83,537 |
|
1,5002 |
83,574 |
|
1,5003 |
83,611 |
|
1,5004 |
83,648 |
|
1,5005 |
83,685 |
|
1,5006 |
83,722 |
|
1,5007 |
83,759 |
|
1,5008 |
83,796 |
|
1,5009 |
83,833 |
|
1,5010 |
83,870 |
|
1,5011 |
83,907 |
|
1,5012 |
83,944 |
|
1,5013 |
83,981 |
|
1,5014 |
84,018 |
|
1,5015 |
84,055 |
|
1,5016 |
84,092 |
|
1,5017 |
84,129 |
|
1,5018 |
84,166 |
|
1,5019 |
84,203 |
|
1,5020 |
84,240 |
|
1,5021 |
84,277 |
|
1,5022 |
84,314 |
|
1,5023 |
84,351 |
|
1,5024 |
84,388 |
|
1,5025 |
84,424 |
|
1,5026 |
84,461 |
|
1,5027 |
84,498 |
|
1,5028 |
84,535 |
|
1,5029 |
84,572 |
|
1,5030 |
84,609 |
|
1,5031 |
84,645 |
|
1&xxxx;5032 |
84,682 |
|
1,5033 |
84,719 |
|
1,5034 |
84,756 |
|
1,5035 |
84,792 |
|
1,5036 |
84,829 |
|
1,5037 |
84,866 |
|
1,5038 |
84,903 |
|
1,5039 |
84,939 |
|
1,5040 |
84,976 |
|
1,5041 |
85,013 |
|
1,5042 |
85,049 |
|
1,5043 |
85,086 |
|
1,5044 |
85,123 |
|
1,5045 |
85,159 |
|
1,5046 |
85,196 |
|
1,5047 |
85,233 |
|
1,5048 |
85,269 |
|
1,5049 |
85,306 |
|
1,5050 |
85,343 |
|
1,5051 |
85,379 |
|
1,5052 |
85,416 |
|
1,5053 |
85,452 |
|
1,5054 |
85,489 |
|
1,5055 |
85,525 |
|
1,5056 |
85,562 |
|
1,5057 |
85,598 |
|
1,5058 |
85,635 |
|
1,5059 |
85,672 |
|
1,5060 |
85,708 |
|
1,5061 |
85,744 |
|
1,5062 |
85,781 |
|
1,5063 |
85,817 |
|
1,5064 |
85,854 |
|
1,5065 |
85,890 |
|
1,5066 |
85,927 |
|
1,5067 |
85,963 |
|
1,5068 |
86,000 |
|
1,5069 |
86,036 |
|
1,5070 |
86,072 |
|
1,5071 |
86,109 |
|
1,5072 |
86,145 |
|
1,5073 |
86,182 |
|
1,5074 |
86,218 |
|
1,5075 |
86,254 |
|
1,5076 |
86,291 |
|
1,5077 |
86,327 |
|
1,5078 |
86,363 |
|
1,5079 |
86,399 |
[1] Hodnoty x x těchto xxxxxxxxx xxxx vypočteny xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx XXXXXX xx X. Xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx byla xxxxxxxxxxxxxx x výpočty xxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxx X. Carpenterem x USDA x xxxx publikovány x Xxxxx X. 33, 15-22 (červen 1970). Xxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 20 °X pomocí X xxxx Xx. Xxxx (xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx) xxx získán xxxxxxx xxx 20 °X xx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxx 760 xxxxx (xx Xx) x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx. Xxxx xxxxxxx nahrazuje xxxxxxx předchozí (47 012, xxxxxx 11) publikovanou x Xxxxxx. Sugar X. 39, 22 (1937).
XXXXXX 4
XXXXXXXXX REDUKUJÍCÍCH XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX JAKO XXXXXXXX XXXXX
(Xxxxxx podle xxxxxx Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx
2. Xxxxxxxx
„Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx“: xxxxx redukujících xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx x obsahem xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx pro xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx XX. Xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx se xxx xxxxxxx odměrným xxxxxxxx xxxx (xx známým xxxxxx), xxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx roztokem xxxxxxxxxx sodného (xx xxxxxx xxxxxx).
4. Reakční xxxxxxx
4.1 Roztok Xx XX (Xxxxxxxx roztok)
4.1.1 Xx 400 xx xxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxx 35 g xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX4 5X2X) x xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.1.2 X 500 xx xxxxxx vody se xxxxxxxx 173 g xxxxxx sodnodraselného tetrahydrátu (Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx xxx, XXxX4X4X6,4X2X) x 68 x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sodného x xxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.1.3 Xxx xxxxxxx (4.1.1 x 4.1.2) xx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx baňky a xxxxxx xx vodou xx 1 litru. Xx přidání 2 x aktivního xxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx stát a xxxx xx přefiltruje xxxx hustý xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxx xx v průběhu xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx objeví xxxx množství oxidu xxxxxxx, je xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx, roztok 5 xxx/x.
4.3 Xxxxxx xxxx, 0,01665 xxx/x (0,0333X; 4,2258 x/x).
4.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx 0,0333 xxx/x.
4.5 Xxxxxx xxxxxx: do xxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx 5 x rozpustného xxxxxx rozmíchaného ve 30 ml xxxx, xxxxxx xx 3 xxxxxx a nechá xxxxxxxxxxx. X xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx přidá 10 mg jodidu xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx a xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, 300 xx; přesné xxxxxx x pipety.
5.2 Xxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xx 300 xx Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx (10 g xxxx xxxx), xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx více xxx 30 xx invertního xxxxx, x xxxxxxxx xx přibližně xx 100 xx xxxx.
Xx xxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxx 10 xx roztoku Xx XX (4.1), xxxxx se xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx se xxxxx xx xxxxxx vodní xxxxx (5.2) xx xxxx xxxxxx 10 xxxxx.
Xxxxxxx roztoku x Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx xxx nejméně 20 xx pod xxxxxx xxxxxxx ve vodní xxxxx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxx ochladí proudem xxxxxxx xxxx, přičemž xx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxx nedošlo x opětovné xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxx protřepávání xxxxxx xx pipetou xxxxx 5 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx octové (4.2) x koncentraci 5 xxx/x x xxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx (20 až 40 xx) xxxxxxx xxxx (4.3) o koncentraci 0,016 65 xxx/x.
Xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx a xxxxxxxx xxxx xx titruje xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.4) o koncentraci 0,0333 mol/l xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx škrobu (4.5) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxx se xxxxxxx xx konci titrace.
6.2 X vodou xx xxxxxxx xxxxx pokus, xxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxx při xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx Xx XX (4.4). Titrační xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xx.
6.3 S cukerným xxxxxxxx xx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Roztok xx xxxxx stát při xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx 10 xxxxx, xxx mohlo dojít x xxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx redukujících xxxxx, xxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx výpočtu
Objem xxxxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku jódu xx xxxxx xxxxxx (xx) xxxxxxxx přidaného xxxxxxx xxxx (0,016 65 xxx/x) minus xxxxx (xx) xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (0,0333 xxx/x) spotřebovaného xxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx (xx) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx (0,016 65 xxx/x) xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx:
7.1.1 xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxx pokusu x xxxxx (6.2),
7.1.2 xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx při xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx s xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx (6.3),
7.1.3 objemu 2,0 xx xx xxxxxxx 10 x xxxxxxxxx přítomné x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx-xx xxxxxx méně xxx 10 x xxxxxxxxx (korekce na xxxxxxxxx).
Xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx odpovídá xxxxxxxx 1 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3) 1 xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx:
xxx:
X1 = xxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3) xx xxxxxxx,
x0 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi xxxxxxxx dvou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxx vzorku xxxxxx pracovníkem xx xxxxxxxxx podmínek xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 0,02 x xx 100 x vzorku.
METODA 5
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX JAKO XXXXXXXX XXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxxxx x Allena)
1. Xxxxxxx x oblast xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx
- x xxxxx xxxx x xxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
„Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx invertní xxxx“: xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx stanovený xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Podstata metody
K xxxxxxx vzorku se xxxxx v xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx Xx XX, xxxxxxxxxxx x nezredukovaný xxxxx xx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx s xxxxxxxx EDTA.
4. Reakční xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxx ethylendiamintetraoctová (xxxxxxxxx xxx) (XXXX), xxxxxx 0,0025 xxx/x: xxxxxxxx xx 0,930 x XXXX xx xxxx a doplní xx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx.
4.2 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx: 0,25 x murexidu xx xxxxx xx 50 xx vody a xxxxxx xx x 20 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x koncentraci 0,2 x/100 ml.
4.3 Alkalické xxxxxxx xxxxxxx: v 600 xx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx 40 ml xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 1,0 mol/l xx xxxxxxxx 25 x xxxxxxxxx uhličitanu xxxxxxx a 25 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxx v 100 xx xxxx xx xxxxxxxx 6,0 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx – pentahydrátu (XxXX4 5X2X), vzniklý roztok xx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx: Roztok xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx (xxxxx xxxxx).
4.4 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx invertního xxxxx: x xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 250 xx se rozpustí 23,750 x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx (4.5) asi xx 120 xx xxxx. Xxxxx xx 9 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (X20 = 1,16) a xxxxx xx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx 8 xxx. Xxxxxx se xxxxxx xx 250 xx x ukončení xxxxxxxxx xx zkontroluje xxxxxxx xx polarimetru nebo xxxxxxxxxxxx při xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x délce 200 xx. Zjištěná xxxxxxx xx xx xxxxxx 11,80 ± 0,05°X (xxx xxxxxxxx 8). 200 xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx do xxxxxxx xxxxx o xxxxxx 2000 xx, xxxxx xx vodou x xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx místnímu zalkalizování xxxxxxx) xx přidá 71,4 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (1 xxx/x), xx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx 4 x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx. Xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx 2000 xx, xx. aby obsahoval 1 g invertního xxxxx ve 100 xx; xxxxxxx xX xxxxxxx se xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx 3.
Tento xxxxx xxxxxxx roztok xx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx.
4.5 Xxxxx sacharosa: vzorek xxxxx sacharosy s xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx 0,001 x/100 x.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxxx 150 x 20 xx.
5.2 Xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx na 0,1 mg.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xx xxxxxxxx (5.1) xx xxxxxxxx 5 x xxxxxx xxxxx x 5 xx xxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxxx xx 2,0 xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3) x obsah xx xxxxxxxx. Zkumavka xx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxx 5 xxxxx x xxxx xx xx studené xxxx xxxxxxx.
6.2 Xxxxxx xx xx zkumavky xxxxxxxxxxxxx, x použitím xx xxxxxxxxxx množství xxxx, převede xx xxxx porcelánovou misky (5.2), xxxxxxx xx xxx xxxxx indikátoru (4.2) x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx XXXX (4.1). Xxxxxxxx spotřeba x xx xx xxxxxx xxxx X0.
Xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx titrace xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxx na xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxx. Xxxxxxxxx barva xxxxxx mizí v xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx oxid xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx na xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx zredukované xxxx. Xxxxx je xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx dosáhnout xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx nejrychleji.
6.3 Xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx přidávání xxxxxxx množství xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx 4.4) x 5 x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx (4.5) x xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx, xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx 5 xx. Xxxxxxxx spotřeba (xx) se vynese xx xxxxx proti xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx k 5 x sacharosy; xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx x xxxxxxx 0,001 až 0,019 x xx 100 x invertního xxxxx, xxxx. 100 g xxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx výsledků
7.1 Xxxxxx výpočtu
Z xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (x procentech) xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx XXXX X0 xx při xxxxxxx xxxxxx.
7.2 Pokud xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxx 0,017 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx ve 100 x analyzovaného xxxxxx, musí xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx v xxxx 6.1, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx však xxxx xxxxxxx xx 5 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (4.5).
7.3 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi xxxxxxxx dvou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx za xxxxx x téhož vzorku xxxxxx pracovníkem za xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx nesmí xxx xxxxx xxx 0,005 x xx 100 x xxxxxx.
8. Xxxxxxxx
Xxx xxxxxxx hodnoty xx °X na xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xx hodnota uvedená x °S dělí 2,889 (xxxxxxxxxxxxxx trubice x xxxxx 200 xx; xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx; xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx, xx xxxxx xx možné udržovat xxxxxxx kolem 20 °X).
XXXXXX 6
XXXXXXXXX REDUKUJÍCÍCH XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX JAKO XXXXXXXX XXXX NEBO XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx x Schoorla)
1. Xxxxxxx x oblast xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx
1.1 xxxxxx redukujících xxxxx vyjádřeného jako xxxxxxxx xxxx
- v xxxxxxx cukru,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx bílého;
1.2 obsahu xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx) jako xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
- xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx;
1.3 xxxxxx redukujících cukrů xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx D-glukosa
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
„Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx invertní cukry, X-xxxxxxx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx": xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx vyjádřený xxxx vypočtený jako xxxxxxxx xxxx, Dglukosa xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx popsanou metodou.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx (a x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx) xx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x bodu xxxx x xxxxxxxx Cu XX, který xx xxxxxxxx redukuje xx Xx X. Xxxxxxxx Xx XX xx xxxx xxxxxxx jodometricky.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx I: 21,95 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, (Xx(XX3XXX)22X2X) xxxx 24 x octanu xxxxxxxxxxx trihydrátu, (Zn(CH3COO)2-3H2O) xx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxx 3 ml xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx vodě x xxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 ml.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx XX: 10,6 g xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx trihydrátu (K4[Fe(CN)6]-3H2O) xx xxxxxxxx xx xxxx x doplní xxxxx xx 100 xx.
4.3 Luffovo-Schoorlovo xxxxxxx: xxxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxx:
4.3.1 Roztok síranu xxxxxxxxx: 25 g xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX45X2X) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx ve 100 xx xxxx.
4.3.2 Xxxxxx kyseliny xxxxxxxxx: 50 x kyseliny xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx (C6H8O7-H2O) xx xxxxxxxx x 50 xx xxxx.
4.3.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx: 143,8 g xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxxxxx přibližně x 300 xx xxxxx xxxx a nechá xx xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.3.4 X xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3.3) v xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx se xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx přidává xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx (4.3.2). Xxxxx xx xxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx, xxx xx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx (4.3.1) x xxxxx xx xxxxxx do 1000 xx. Roztok xx nechá xxxx xxxx xxx, x xxxxxxx potřeby xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx. Provede xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx činidla xxxxx xxxxxx popsané x xxxx 6.1 (Xx 0,1 xxx/x; Na2CO3 1 mol/l).
4.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x.
4.5 Xxxxxx xxxxxx: do xxxxxxx xxxxx vroucí xxxx xx přilije 5 g xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xx 30 xx xxxx. Xxxxxx xx 3 xxxxxx x xxxxx xx vychladnout; xx-xx xxxxx, xxxxx xx 10 xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx jako xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
4.6 Xxxxxxxx sírová, 3 xxx/x.
4.7 Roztok xxxxxx draselného, 30 % (m/V).
4.8 Xxxxxx xxxxx, vyvařené v xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxx xxxxx xx vymizení xxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxx.
4.9 Xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.10 Xxxxxxxx xxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x.
4.11 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx, 0,1&xxxx;&xxxx;&xxxx; xxx/x.
4.12 Fenoftalein, jednoprocentní xxxxxx (m/V) x xxxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Erlenmeyerova xxxxx, x xxxxxx 300 xx, se zpětným xxxxxxxxx.
5.2 Xxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxxxxxx titru Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3):
6.1.1 Xx 25 xx Luffova-Schoorlova xxxxxxx (4.3) xx xxxxxxx 3 x xxxxxx draselného a 25 ml xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x koncentraci 3 xxx/x (4.6).
Titruje xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.4) xx použití škrobového xxxxxxx (4.5) jako xxxxxxxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxx xx xx xxxxx titrace. Xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxxxx o koncentraci 0,1 xxx/x xxxxx 25 xx, musí xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
6.1.2 Odpipetuje se 10 xx činidla xx 100xx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xx xxxxx se xxxxxx xxxxx.
10 xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxx xx Erlenmeyerovy xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx 25 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx x koncentraci 0,1 xxx/x (4.11) x xxxxxxx se xx xxxx jedné xxxxxx xx xxxxxx vodní xxxxx. Xxx xx xxxxxx ochladí, xxxxxx xx na xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.10) xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.12) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x (4.10) xxxx xxx xxxx 5,5 x 6,5 xx.
6.1.3 10 xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.1.2) se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x (4.11) xx použití xxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.12) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx bod xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x (4.11) xxxx xxx xxxx 6,0 x 7,5 xx.
6.1.4 Xxxxxxx pH Luffova-Schoorlova xxxxxxx musí xxx xxxx 9,3 a 9,4 xxx 20 °X.
6.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
6.2.1 Xxxxxx se 5 x vzorku s xxxxxxxxx xx 1 xx x xxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx baňky x xxxxxx 250 xx xxxxxxxxxx 200 ml xxxx. V xxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxxx xxxxxxxx 5 xx Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx X (4.1), pak xx xxxxx 5 xx Xxxxxxxxx roztoku XX (4.2). Po xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx xx 250 xx x xxxxx promíchá. X xxxxxxx potřeby xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx.
6.2.2 Xxxxxx (6.2.1) xx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xx x 25 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 15 až 60 xx.
6.3 Xxxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx metody
Do 300 ml Erlenmeyerovy xxxxx (5.1) xx xxxxxxxxxx 25 ml Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3), xx xxxxx xx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx 25 ml cukerného xxxxxxx (6.2.2) x xxxxx xx dva xxxxxx xxxxx (4.8). X xxxxx (5.1) xx připojí zpětný xxxxxxx a aparatura xx xxxxx umístí xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx nad xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx. Xxxxx xx x azbestové xxxxx xxxxxxxxx kruhový xxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxx xx xxx xxxxx. Kapalina xx xxxxxxxxx během xxxx xxxxx xxxxx xx varu x xxxxx xx xxxxxx 10 minut mírně xxxxx. Xxx xx xxxxx ochladí xx xxxxxxx xxxx x xx xxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx:
Xxxxx xx 10 ml roztoku xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (4.7), xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx opatrně (s xxxxxxx na xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx) 25 xx kyseliny sírové x koncentraci 3 xxx/x (4.6). Titruje xx roztokem xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.4), xxxxx xx roztok xxxxx neodbarví, xxx xx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx několik mililitrů xxxxxxx škrobu (4.5) x pokračuje xx x xxxxxxx xx xx vymizení xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xx slepý xxxxx x 25 xx xxxx xxxxx 25 ml xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.2.2).
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Vzorec x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
X xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxxx (xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx) xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx invertního xxxxx x mg, xxxxxxxxxxxx rozdílu xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx spotřebami, xxxxxxxxxxx v xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sodného x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x.
Xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx (x/x) xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx X-xxxxxxx, vztažených xx xxxxxx.
7.2 Opakovatelnost
Rozdíl xxxx xxxxxxxx dvou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx za xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx pracovníkem za xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx nesmí xxx větší xxx 0,2 xx.
8. Xxxxxxxx
Xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx může xxxxxx xxxx množství izopentanolu (4.9), aby xx xxxxxxx tvorba xxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx Xxxxxxx – Schoorlovo xxxxxxx
|
0,1 xxx/x Xx2X2X3 |
Xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xxxx X6X12X6 |
|
|
xx |
xx |
xxxxxx |
|
1 |
2,4 |
|
|
2 |
4,8 |
2,4 |
|
3 |
7,2 |
2,4 |
|
4 |
9,7 |
2,5 |
|
5 |
12,2 |
2,5 |
|
6 |
14,7 |
2,5 |
|
7 |
17,2 |
2,5 |
|
8 |
19,8 |
2,6 |
|
9 |
22,4 |
2,6 |
|
10 |
25,0 |
2,6 |
|
11 |
27,6 |
2,6 |
|
12 |
30,3 |
2,7 |
|
13 |
33,0 |
2,7 |
|
14 |
35,7 |
2,7 |
|
15 |
38,5 |
2,8 |
|
16 |
41,3 |
2,8 |
|
17 |
44,2 |
2,9 |
|
18 |
47,1 |
2,9 |
|
19 |
50,0 |
2,9 |
|
20 |
53,0 |
3,0 |
|
21 |
56,0 |
3,0 |
|
22 |
59,1 |
3,1 |
|
23 |
62,2 |
3,1 |
XXXXXX 7
XXXXXXXXX REDUKUJÍCÍCH CUKRŮ XXXXXXXXXXX JAKO XXXXXXXX XXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx x Xxxxxx – xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx redukujících xxxxx vyjádřených xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxx bílém,
- x xxxxxxx invertním xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx invertním cukru,
- x sirupu x xxxxxxxxxx cukru,
- x xxxxxx x invertního xxxxx xxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx": xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx stanovený xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxx varu xxxxxx xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx roztoku x xxxxxxxx methylenové xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx:
4.1.1 Roztok X:
69,3 x síranu měďnatého xxxxxxxxxxxx (CuSO4·5H2O) se xxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxxxx se xx 1000 ml.
4.1.2 Xxxxxx X:
346,0 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx tetrahydrátu (XXxX4X4X6·4X2X) x 100 x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx rozpustí ve xxxx x doplní xx 1000 ml. Xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxx dekantací od xxxxxxxxx, xxxxx se xxxx někdy xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxx xxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx v xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx lahvích.
4.2 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, 1 xxx/x.
4.3 Xxxxxxxxxx roztok xxxxxxxxxx cukru: 23,750 x čisté xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxx xx 120 xx xxxx xx 250xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxx xx 9 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxx 1,16 g/ml) x xxxxx xx stát xxx xxxxxxxxxxx teplotě xx xxxx 8 xxx. Xxxxxx se xxxxxx xx 250 xx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx zkontroluje xxxxxxxxxxxx nebo xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx trubice délky 200 mm. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xx xxxxxx 11,80 ± 0,05 °X (viz xxxxxxxx 8). 200 xx tohoto roztoku xx xxxxxxxxxx xx 2000xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxx se xxxxx x za stálého xxxxxxxxxxxx (xxx nedošlo x nadměrnému xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx) se xxxxx 71,4 ml xxxxxxx hydroxidu sodného x koncentraci 1 xxx/x (4.2), xx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx 4 x kyseliny xxxxxxxx. Xxxxx se xxxxxx xx 2000 xx, aby xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx 1 x invertního xxxxx xx 100 xx. Xxxxxxx pH roztoku xx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx 3.
Xxxxx stabilní xxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xx xxx ředit xx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,25 x/100 xx xx 250ml xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xx rysku zásobním xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 1 x/100 ml xxx 20 °X. Xxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx 1000 xx odměrné xxxxx x xxxxxx xx xxx 20 °X xx xxxxx xxxxx.
4.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, 1 x/100 xx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x pomůcky
5.1 Xxxxx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxx 500 xx.
5.2 Xxxxxx o xxxxxx 50 ml, xxxxxx xx 0,05 xx, x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx 20, 25 x 50 xx.
5.4 Xxxxxxx baňky x xxxxxx 250, 1000 x 2000 ml.
5.5 Xxxxxxxx k xxxxxx, xxxxxx pro xxxxxxxxx xxxx za xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxx 6.1 x umožňující xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx změnu x xxxxxxxx bodě, xxxx by se xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx.
5.6 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x přesností xxxxxxx xx 1 xxxxxxx.
6. Postup
6.1 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxx Fehlingova xxxxxxx
6.1.1 Xx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxx 50 ml xxxxxxx X (4.1.2), xxxx 50 xx xxxxxxx X (4.1.1) x dobře xx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.2 Byreta se xxxxxxxxxx x naplní 0,25 % (0,25 x/100 ml) standardním xxxxxxxx invertního xxxxx (4.3).
6.1.3 Do 500 xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx 20 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx X a X (6.1.1) x xxxxxxx xx 15 xx xxxx. X xxxxxx xx xx xxxxx xxxxxx 39 xx xxxxxxx invertního cukru, xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx pohybem xxxxxxxx.
6.1.4 Xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx x xxxx x xxxxx xx xxxxx přesně xxx xxxxxx. Během xxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxx xxxxx sejmout xx xxxxxx tepla x xxxxx xxxxx k xxxxxxxxx varu.
Na konci xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxx xxx xxxx xxxxx kapky roztoku xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (4.4). Xxxxx roztoku musí xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx.
6.1.5 Xxxxxxxxx xx x xxxxxxxxx standardního roztoku xxxxxxxxxx cukru x xxxxxx, xxxxxxxx po 0,2 xx, xxx xx 0,1 xx x nakonec xx xxxxxxx, xx se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx. Xxx je indikován xxxxxxxxx modrého xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx methylenové xxxxx. Xxxxx xxxxxxx je xxxxxxxxxxx následkem xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.1.6 Xxxxxxxxx bodu xxxxxxx xx mělo být xxxxxxxx do xxx xxxxx xx začátku xxxx roztoku. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx V0 xx xxxx pohybovat x xxxxxxx 39,0 xx 41,0 xx. Je-li xxxxxxx X0 xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xx Fehlingově xxxxxxx X (4.1.1) x xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx opakuje.
6.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx xx xxxxxxxxx v xxxxxxx 250 xx 400 xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 xx.
6.3 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
6.3.1 Xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx ke xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx x 20 xx směsného roztoku X x X, xxxxx xxxxxxx, xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx 75 xx.
Xxxxxxxxx se xxxxxx podle xxxxxx x xxxx 6.1.4, xxxxx místo xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx cukru xx použije roztok xxxxxx, xx. xx xxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxxx 25 xx xxxxxxx vzorku, xxxxx xx 15 xx xxxx, xxxxx xx 2 xxxxxx povařit x roztok xx xxx xxxxxxx až xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx, xxx je xxxxxxx x bodě 6.1.5.
6.3.2 Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx přetrvává xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, je xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx. X tomto xxxxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx stanovení x xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx.
Xx-xx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx více xxx 50 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxx xx xxxxxx roztok xxxxxx x vyšší xxxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx xxxx, které xx xx xxxxxx, xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx Fehlingova roztoku (20 xx) x xxxxxx roztoku xxxxxx xx 75 ml.
6.4 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx
6.4.1 Xx xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx 20 ml směsného Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxx stanovené xxxxx xxxx 6.3.
6.4.2 X byrety se xxxxxx xxxxxx vzorku x množství xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx 6.3, xxxxxxxx x 1 xx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxx a xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (6.3). Xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx. Xxxxxxxx xxx konečné titraci xx xxxxx X1.
7. Xxxxxxxxx výsledků
7.1 Vzorec x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx ve xxxxxx vyjádřený xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx:
xxx:
X = xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x/100 xx),
X0 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (xx) xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
X1 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (ml) xxx xxxxxx analýze (6.4.2),
f = xxxxxxxx faktor xxxxxxxxxxxx koncentraci xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx; xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx v xxxx xxxxxxx tabulce:
|
Sacharosa (x xx xxxxx xxxxxxx do xxxx) |
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x |
|
0,0 |
1,000 |
|
0,5 |
0,982 |
|
1,0 |
0,971 |
|
1,5 |
0,962 |
|
2,0 |
0,954 |
|
2,5 |
0,946 |
|
3,0 |
0,939 |
|
3,5 |
0,932 |
|
4,0 |
0,926 |
|
4,5 |
0,920 |
|
5,0 |
0,915 |
|
5,5 |
0,910 |
|
6,0 |
0,904 |
|
6,5 |
0,898 |
|
7,0 |
0,893 |
|
7,5 |
0,888 |
|
8,0 |
0,883 |
|
8,5 |
0,878 |
|
9,0 |
0,874 |
|
9,5 |
0,869 |
|
10,0 |
0,864 |
Xxxxxxx xxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx mohou xxxxxxxxx x tabulkových xxxxxx interpolací.
Poznámka:
Přibližná xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx pevných xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (xxx xxxxx výpočet xx použita hodnota x rovná 1,0) xx xxxxxxxxxxx veškerých xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx na xxxxxxx xxxxxx lomu podle xxxxxx 3 xxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx za sebou x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx podmínek xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 1,0 % xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
8. Xxxxxxxx
Xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx °X xx polarimetrické xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxx udaná x jednotkách °S xxxx xxxxxxxx 2,889 (xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx 200 mm; xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx; přístroj xxxxxxxx v xxxxxxxxx, xx xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx teplotu xxxxxxx 20 °C).
METODA 8
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX EKVIVALENTU
(Metoda xxxxx Xxxxx x Xxxxxx s xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx)
1. Předmět x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxx metoda xxxxxx ke xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx
- xx xxxxxxxxx sirupu,
- v xxxxxxx škrobovém xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
2.1 "Xxxxxxxx xxxx": xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx metodou, xxxxxxxxx jako xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (X-xxxxxxx) x xxxxxxxxx x procentech xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
2.2 "Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx": xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx sušiny vzorku.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx za xxxxxx xxxxxxxx podmínek xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxx určitý xxxxx xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx methylenové xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx:
4.1.1 Xxxxxx X:
Xx xxxx se xxxxxxxx 69,3 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX4·5X2X) x x odměrné xxxxx o objemu 1000 xx xx xxxxxx po xxxxx.
4.1.2 Xxxxxx X:
Xx vodě xx xxxxxxxx 346,0 x xxxxxx xxxxx-xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XXxX4X4X6·4X2X) a 100 x hydroxidu xxxxxxx a x xxxxxxx xxxxx o xxxxxx 1000 ml xxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxx. Čirý xxxxxx xx dekantací xxxxxx xx usazeniny, xxxxx xx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxx dva xxxxxxx (4.1.1 x 4.1.2) xx třeba skladovat x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
4.1.3 Xxxxxxxx směsného Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx odpipetuje 50 xx xxxxxxx B (4.1.2) x xxxx 50 ml xxxxxxx X (4.1.1) x xxxxx se xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx roztok xx xxxxx uchovávat, nýbrž xx xxxx každý xxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (6.1).
4.2 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (X-xxxxxxx) (X6X12X6)
Xxxxx materiál xx xxxxx před xxxxxxxx 4 hodiny sušit xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx 100 ± 1 °X xxxx xxxxx x xxx xxxxx xxx 10 xXx (103 xxxx).
4.3 Standardní xxxxxx xxxxxxxx, 0,600 x/100 xx
X xxxxxxxxx na 0,1 xx se xxxxxx 0,6 g xxxxxxx dextrosy (4.2), xxxxxxxx xx xx xxxx, kvantitativně převede xx odměrné baňky x objemu 100 xx (5.4), xxxxxx xxxxx xx rysku x promíchá.
Tento xxxxxx xx nutno xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx každý xxx, xxx bude xxxxxxxx.
4.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, 0,1 g/100 xx xxxx
Xxxxxxxx xx 0,1 x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 xx vody.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxx xxxxx x úzkým xxxxxx x xxxxxx 250 xx.
5.2 Byreta x objemu 50 xx, x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx xx 0,05 xx.
5.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 25 ml x 50 xx.
5.4 Xxxxxxx xxxxx o xxxxxx 100 x 500 ml.
5.5 Xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx, xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx popsanými x xxxx 6.1 a xxxxxxxxxx sledovat xxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx (5.1) ze xxxxxx xxxxx (xxx bod 6.1 xxxxxxxx 3).
5.6 Xxxxxx ukazující x xxxxxxxxx nejméně xx 1 xxxxxxx.
6. Postup
6.1 Xxxxxxxxxxxxx Fehlingova roztoku
6.1.1 Xx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xx odpipetuje 25 xx Xxxxxxxxxx roztoku (4.1.3).
6.1.2 Xxxxxx (5.2) xx naplní xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.3) x xxxxxxxx se xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx.
6.1.3 Do varné xxxxx (5.1) xx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx 18 xx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.3) x xxxxx se xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.4 Xxxxx xxxxx se xxxxxx na xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx (5.5), xxxxxx nastavené xxx, xxx xxx xxxxxx xx 120 ± 15 xxxxxx.
X xxxxx xxxxxxx titrace xxxxx xxx zařízení k xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx jinak (xxx xxxxxxxx 1).
6.1.5 Xxxxxxx xx roztok xxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxx xx stopky od xxxx.
6.1.6 Xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx 120 xxxxxx (xxxxx xxxxxx).
Xx xxxxx se xxxxx 1 xx roztoku xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (4.4).
6.1.7 Xx 120 xxxxxxxxx (xxxxx stopek) od xxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxxx (6.1.2) xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) přidávat xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx 0,5ml xxxxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxxx 2 x 3).
Xxxxxxxxx se celkový xxxxx xxxxxxxxx standardního xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (X xx) xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx 0,5xx xxxxx.
6.1.8 Kroky x bodech 6.1.1 x 6.1.2 se xxxxxxxx.
6.1.9 Z xxxxxx xx xx varné xxxxx (5.1) napustí (X 0,3) xx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx dextrosy.
6.1.10 Xxxxx x xxxxxx 6.1.4, 6.1.5 x 6.1.6 se xxxxxxxx.
6.1.11 Xx 120 sekundách (xxxxx stopek) xx xxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx z byrety xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx, zpočátku xx 0,2ml xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
Xx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx musí xxx xxxx xxxx dvěma xx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx 10 xx 15 xxxxxx.
Xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx 60 xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxx tedy xxxxx xxxxxxxxx 180 xxxxxx.
X xxxxxx xxxxx může xxx zapotřebí xxxxxxx xxxxx titraci x xxxxxxx xxxxx, příslušně xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (6.1.9).
6.1.12 Zaznamená se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (X0 xx) xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxx závěrečné titraci (xxx poznámka 4).
6.1.13 Xxxxxxx X0 xxxx xxx x xxxxxxx 19,0 xx 21,0 xx xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx (4.3).
Pokud xx xxxxxxx X0 nachází xxxx xxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx X (4.1.1) x xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.14 Xxxxxxxx k xxxx, xx xxxxxxx X0 xx přesně xxxxx, xx xxxxx xxx každodenní standardizaci xxxxxxx jednu xxxxxxx x počátečním přídavkem xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku dextrosy X0 – 0,5.
Poznámka 1:
Xxxxx je xxxxxxxxx, xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx, vyvíjení páry xx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx procedury x x xx xxxxxxxx xxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx vzduchu xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx a xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx oxidaci xxxxxx xxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx 2:
Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx nejlépe pozorovatelné x horních vrstvách xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx x v xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, tj. x xxxxxxx, které x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxx je snadněji xxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx. Xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx 3:
Xxxxxx xx xxxx xxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx chráněna před xxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx 4:
Xxxxxxxx x xxxx, xx xxxxx zcela xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx faktor, musí xxxxx pracovník provádět xxxx vlastní xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x při xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxxx vlastní xxxxxxx X0 (7.1).
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku
6.2.1 Xxxxx xxxx známa xxxxxxxxx hodnota redukční xxxx (2.1) xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx přibližná hodnota, x xxxxx xxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku (6.3).
Tato xxxxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxx:
6.2.2 Xxxxxxxx se X % (x/X) xxxxxx vzorku, "X" xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.2.3 Xxxxxxxxx se xxxx x xxxx 6.1.2 x použitím xxxxxxx xxxxxx (6.2.2) xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx.
6.2.4 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.1.
6.2.5 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x bodě 6.1.3 x xxxxxxxx 10 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx 18,0 xx xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku dextrosy.
6.2.6 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.4.
6.2.7 Xxxxx xxxxx se xxxxxxx x xxxx. Xxxxx xx 1 xx roztoku xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (4.4).
6.2.8 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx var, xxxxxx xx xxxxxx (5.6) xx nuly x xxxxx přidávání roztoku xxxxxx x xxxxxx xx xxxxx po 1,0 xx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxx 10 xxxxxx, x xx xx xx xxxxxxxxx methylenové xxxxx.
Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx spotřeba xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (X ml) xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx 0,5 ml xxxxx.
6.2.9 Xxxxxxx "X" xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx 50 xx. Xxxxx x xxxx dojde, je xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx a xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
6.2.10 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx redukční xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx (x %):
6.3 Zkušební xxxxxx
X xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx xx xxxxxx takové xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (mg), xxxxx obsahuje 2,85 xx 3,15 g xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx vyjádřených xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (Xxxxxxxx). Při xxxxxxx xx použije buď xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx síly (2.1), xxxx přibližná xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x bodě 6.2.10.
6.4 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx x xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 500 xx xxxxxxxx ve xxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx.
6.5 Xxxxxxxxx
6.5.1 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x bodě 6.1.1.
6.5.2 Xxxxxx (5.2) se xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (6.4) x xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxx.
6.5.3 X byrety xx xx varné xxxxx napustí 18,5 xx xxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx zamíchá.
6.5.4 Xxxxxxxxx xx jako x xxxx 6.1.4.
6.5.5 Xxxxxxxxx se xxxx x xxxx 6.1.5.
6.5.6 Xxxxxxxxx se xxxx x bodě 6.1.6.
6.5.7 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.7, x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx dextrosy.
6.5.8 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.8.
6.5.9 Xxxxxxxxx xx jako x xxxx 6.1.9, s xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx.
6.5.10 Postupuje xx xxxx v xxxx 6.1.10.
6.5.11 Postupuje xx xxxx v xxxx 6.1.11, x použitím xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.5.12 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxx (X1) spotřebovaného zkušebního xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.5.13 Xxxxxxx V1 xxxx xxx x xxxxxxx 19,0 xx 21,0 ml xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx hodnota X1 xxxxxxx mimo xxxx rozmezí, xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx 6.5.1 xx 6.5.12 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.5.14 Provedou xx dvě stanovení x xxxxxxxx téhož xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.6 Obsah xxxxxx
Xxxxxx metody 2 xx xxxxxxx obsah xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx x postup výpočtu
7.1.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx x procentech xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx dána výrazem:
kde
V0 = xxxxx (xx) xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.3) xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.1),
V1 = xxxxx (xx) xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.4) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx při xxxxxxx x postupu xxxxxxxxx (6.5),
X = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku (x) (6.3) xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx 500 ml xxxxxxxxxx roztoku.
7.1.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx dán xxxxxxx:
xxx
XX = xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx x procentech xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (7.1.1),
X = obsah xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx x procentech xxxxxxxxxxxx.
7.1.3 Xxxxxxxxx je xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xx předpokladu, xx xx splněn xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (7.2).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx provedených zároveň xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x téhož xxxxxx tímtéž pracovníkem xx xxxxxxxxx podmínek xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 1,0 % xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx průměru.
METODA 9
XXXXXXXXX SÍRANOVÉHO POPELA
1. Xxxxxxx a xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx slouží xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx
- ve xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- v xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx bezvodé.
2. Definice
"Obsah xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx": xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx stanovený xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Podstata xxxxxx
Xx zpopelnění xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx při 525 °X xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx sírové xx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx hmotnost x xx vyjádřena x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku.
4. Xxxxxxx činidla
4.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxxx xxxxxx: xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx přidává 100 xx koncentrované xxxxxxxx xxxxxx (hustota při 20 °X = 1,84 g/ml; 96 % m/m) xx 300 xx xxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx.
5. Přístroje x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx, xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx teplotě 525 ± 25 °X.
5.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxx s přesností xx 0,1 xx.
5.3 Xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, platinový xx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
5.4 Xxxxxxxxx obsahující xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx nebo xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx s xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx (5.3) xx xxxxxx xx zpopelňovací xxxxxxx, xxxxxxx xx x exsikátoru xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxx xx. Xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx (na 0,1 xx) xxxxxx 5 x škrobového sirupu xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxxxx 10 x dextrosy xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx dextrosy xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx 5 ml xxxxxxx kyseliny xxxxxx (4.1) (xxx xxxxxxxx 8.1) x xxxxxx xx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx zahřívá xxx xxxxxxxx xxxx na xxxxx xxxxxxxx tak xxxxxx, dokud xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxxx 8.2), xx xxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx (5.3) xx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx (5.1), xxxxxxxxxx xx 525 ± 25 °X, a xxxxxxx xx x xx, dokud xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx. Xx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxxx 8.3).
Xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxx 30 minut xxxxxxxxxxx x exsikátoru (5.4) x xxxx xx xxxxx.
7. Vyjádření xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx a xxxxxx výpočtu
Obsah xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx v xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx xxx vzorcem:
kde
m1 = xxxxxxxx popela (x),
x0 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx zároveň xxxx xxxxxx za xxxxx x téhož vzorku xxxxxx pracovníkem za xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 2,0 % xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
8. Xxxxxxxx
8.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx po xxxxxx xxxxxxx, aby se xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx pěnění.
8.2 Xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx třeba xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx obezřetně, xxx xxxxxxx ke xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxxxx přílišnému bobtnání xxxxxx.
8.3 Xxxxx je xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx úplného xxxxxxxxxx (xx. xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx), xxxxxxx xx xxxxx z xxxxxxx pece vyjmout, xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx několika xxxxxxx xxxx a opět xxxxxx xx pece.
METODA 10
XXXXXXXXX POLARIZACE
1. Xxxxxxx x oblast xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx ke xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
- x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx,
- x cukru xxxx v xxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxxxxxx 26 x xxxxx xx 100 ml, xxxxx je uzavřen x xxxxxxx x xxxxx 200 xx, xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxx xx stanoví xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx popsaných x xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxx činidlo: xxxxxxx xxxxxx octanu xxxxxxxxxx.
Xx xxx 1000 xx xxxxxxx převařené vody xx xxxxx 560 x xxxxxxx bazického xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx. Směs xx 30 xxxxx xxxx a xxxx xx xxxxx xxxx xxxx xxx.
Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx dekantuje x xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx, xxx xxxxxx roztok o xxxxxxx 1,25 x/xx (xxx 20 °X).
Xxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxx před přístupem xxxxxxx.
4.2 Diethylether
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Sacharimetr xxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx 26 x xxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxx v xxxxxxxxx, xx které xx xxxxx udržovat teplotu xxxxx 20 °C. Xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
5.2 Světelný zdroj xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
5.3 Přesné xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx o xxxxx 200 xx x xxxxxxxxx ± 0,02 xx.
5.4 Xxxxxxxxxx váhy, xxxxxx s xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
5.5 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx odměrné xxxxx x xxxxxx 100 xx se xxxxxxx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 100,00 ± 0,01 ml xxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx. Baňky x xxxxxxx mimo xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxxxx pouze x xxxxxxxxx korekcí na 100 xx.
5.6 Vodní xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xx 20 ± 0,1 °X.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Příprava roztoku
Co xxxxxxxxxxx se naváží 26 ± 0,002 x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxxxx xx převede xx xxxxxxx baňky x xxxxxx 100 xx (5.5) xxxxxxxxxx xxx 60 ml xxxx.
Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, nikoli xxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxx xx 0,5 xx xxxxxxx octanu olovnatého (4.1).
Xxxxxx xx míchá xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxx baňky xx oplachují xxx xxxxxx, dokud meniskus xxxxxxxxxx xxx 10 xx pod kalibrační xxxxx.
Xxxxx se xxxxxx xx vodní xxxxx (5.6) udržovanou při 20 ± 0,1 °X x xxxxxxx xx xxx xxx xxxxxx, xxxxx se xxxxxxx cukerného roztoku xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx bubliny vytvořené xx povrchu xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.2).
Xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxx.
Xxxxx xx zazátkuje x řádně xx xxxxxxxx alespoň xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx vzhůru.
Baňka xx nechá pět xxxxx stát.
6.2 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
Xx xxxx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx úkonů xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx 20 ± 0,1 °X.
6.2.1 Xxxxxxxxxx se xxxxxxx na xxxx.
6.2.2 Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx. Xxxxxxx 10 xx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx. Xxxx se xx xxxxxxx 50 ml xxxxxxxx.
6.2.3 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx dvojnásobným xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx (6.2.2).
6.2.4 Xxxxxxx xx xxx teplotě 20 ± 0,1 °C xxxxxxx naplní xxxxxxxx xxxxxx určeného k xxxxxxx.
Xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx se xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxx trubice se xxxxxx do xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
6.2.5 Xxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxx x přesností xx 0,05°X xxxx 0,02 xxxxxxxx xxxxxx. Xxxxx se zopakuje xxxxx čtyřikrát. Xxxxxxx xx průměr x xxxxxx pěti xxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx x postup výpočtu
Výsledky xxxx vyjádřeny ve xxxxxxxx X x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1°X. Xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx stupně X se použije xxxxx vzorec:
S = xxxxxx stupeň × 2,889
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx zároveň xxxx xxxxxx xx sebou x xxxxx vzorku xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx podmínek nesmí xxx větší než 0,1°X, xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx stanovení xx xxxxxxxx z xxxx xxxxxx.